با همکاری مشترک دانشگاه پیام نور و انجمن روانشناسی اجتماعی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار گروه روان شناسی دانشگاه پیام نور

چکیده

مقدمه: بر اساس تحقیقات اخیر، سوگیری در پردازش اطلاعات و ارتباط آن با سایر فاکتورها مثل وسوسه و خصوصیات شخصیتی نقش مهمی را در سبب‌شناسی و نگهداری اختلالات وابستگی به مواد بازی می‌کنند. هدف از پژوهش حاضر بررسی نقش تعدیل‌کنندگی خصوصیات شخصیت بر رابطه بین سوگیری‌های شناختی و وسوسه است. روش: به این منظور 100 نفر از افراد مذکر وابسته به مواد افیونی با روش نمونه‌گیری در دسترس انتخاب شدند. داده‌های پژوهش با اجرای آزمایه‌های پروب دات، حافظه بازشناسی، تکمیل کلمات ناتمام، پرسشنامه عقاید وسوسه‌انگیز و مقیاس پنج عاملی شخصیت نئو جمع‌آوری گردید. داده‌های پژوهش با تحلیل رگرسیون سلسله مراتبی مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد که برخی از خصوصیات شخصیتی می‌توانند نقش تعدیل کنندگی را در رابطه بین وسوسه و سوگیری توجه و حافظه ضمنی بازی کنند، اما این ویژگی‌ها اثری در رابطه بین وسوسه و سوگیری حافظه آشکار نداشتند. نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج پژوهش حاکی از آن بود که پردازش‌های شناختی خودکارمثل توجه و حافظه ضمنی، پردازش‌های پایین به بالا هستند و تحت تأثیر خصوصیات شخصیت فرد قرار می‌گیرند، در حالی که پردازش‌های شناختی آگاهانه مثل حافظه آشکار، پردازش بالا به پایین هستند و تحت تأثیر ادراک فرد قرار می‌گیرند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Relationship Between Cognitive Biases and Craving in Opium Dependent Individuals: The Moderator Role of Personality

نویسنده [English]

  • Mahdieh Rahmaniyan

Assistant Professor in Psychology, Payame Noor University

چکیده [English]

Introduction: According to recent researches, biases in information processing and its relation with other factors such as craving and personality traits play a vital role in the etiology and maintenance of drug dependence disorders. The aim of the present study was to investigate the moderator role of personality characteristics on relationship between cognitive biases and craving in opium dependent individuals. Method: To do so, 100 male opiate dependent individuals were selected by convenience sampling. The primary data collection was conducted using Prob Dot task, Memory Recognition task, Word-stem Completion test, Craving Beliefs Questionnaire and Neo big five Personality Scale. The data were analyzed using hierarchical regression analysis. Findings: The results indicated that personality variables moderated the relationship between craving with attentional bias and implicit memory bias, but these factors did not have any effect on the relationship between craving and explicit memory bias. Conclusion: The results showed that automatic cognitive processes such as attention and implicit memory are bottom-up processes and tend to be affected by personality traits, whereas consciousness cognitive processes such as explicit memory is top-down processing and is influenced by individuals’ conception.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Memory bias
  • Attentional bias
  • personality traits
  • craving
  • Opiate dependence disorder
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