Psychology
Zeynab Taleblou; Somaye keshavarz; Esmaeil Shiri
Abstract
Purpose: The present study was conducted to investigate childhood injuries and social cognition with smartphone addiction with the mediating role of early maladaptive schemas in college students. Method: The research was conducted by the correlational method of structural equation modeling, and the statistical ...
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Purpose: The present study was conducted to investigate childhood injuries and social cognition with smartphone addiction with the mediating role of early maladaptive schemas in college students. Method: The research was conducted by the correlational method of structural equation modeling, and the statistical population of this research included all students of Imam Khomeini International University (RA) in the academic year of 2022-2023, 240 of them using multi-stage cluster sampling method as The sample was considered, of which 19 questionnaires were excluded from the statistical analysis due to incompleteness And finally, 221 people were included in the study. The research tools were the CTQ Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, Cohen's Eye Mind Reading Questionnaire, SAS Smartphone Addiction Questionnaire, and the short form of Young's Early Maladaptive Schemas Questionnaire. Structural Equation Modeling was used to analyze the data. Findings: Based on the results of Sobel's statistic, the effect of childhood trauma and social cognition due to early maladaptive schemas on smartphone addiction was significant at (p<0.05) level, and The coefficient of determination of smartphone addiction variable in the modified model is 0.46, which shows that exogenous and mediating variables can predict 46% of changes in smartphone addiction. Conclusion: Based on the findings of the research, childhood traumas, and social cognition can play an influential role in the occurrence of smartphone addiction.
faeze khaleghi delavar; Ahmad Alipour
Volume 2, Issue 1 , August 2014, , Pages 117-125
Abstract
Introduction: lateralization and the difference between right-hand/ left-hand subjects are the most favorite topics between scientists and researcher.. In this field, one of the most attractive topics is high levels of verbal processing like joke comprehension and humor and processing of emotions ...
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Introduction: lateralization and the difference between right-hand/ left-hand subjects are the most favorite topics between scientists and researcher.. In this field, one of the most attractive topics is high levels of verbal processing like joke comprehension and humor and processing of emotions like happiness. Method: the aim of this study was investigation the difference between happiness and humor in left-hand and right-hand subjects. Finding: lateralization was studied through handedness among 384 students of Payam Noor, Tarbiat Modares, Azad, Seda va Sima and Tehran Universities. Tests like Edinburg for handedness, SHQ for humor and Oxford Happiness Questionnaire for happiness were used. Data analysis was done by T test. Conclusions: results revealed that there is difference between left-handers and right-handers in happiness and humor, happiness is more prevalent in right-handers and humor in left-handers. Conclusion: humor and happiness are lateralized in brain, so left hemisphere is responsible for happiness and right hemisphere for humor.
Psychology
Abolghasem Yaghoobi; Sahar Mohammadi; Maryam Asoodeh
Abstract
The current research aimed to test the proposed model of prosocial behaviors based on basic needs with the mediating role of online game addiction. The research method was correlation and path analysis type. The statistical population included the students of Bu Ali-Sina University in Hamadan in the ...
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The current research aimed to test the proposed model of prosocial behaviors based on basic needs with the mediating role of online game addiction. The research method was correlation and path analysis type. The statistical population included the students of Bu Ali-Sina University in Hamadan in the academic year of 2021-2022, and a sample of 388 people was selected using the cluster random method. The research tools included the basic psychological needs of LaGuardia et al. (2000), the prosocial behaviors of Caprara et al. (2005), and addiction to online game addiction of Khazal et al. (2007) scales. To analyze the data, the path analysis method was used using SPSS version 22 and LISREL version 8.8 software. The results showed that the proposed research model had a good fit with the data. The results showed that the direct effect of basic psychological needs on game addiction was negative and significant and on prosocial behaviors was positive and significant (p<0.01). The effect of game addiction on prosocial behaviors was negative and significant (p<0.01). Also, the results showed that game addiction had a significant mediating role in the relationship between basic psychological needs and prosocial behavior (p<0.01). According to the results of the research, basic needs can play a role in reducing addiction to online games, and reducing the amount of reliance on games is effective in improving prosocial behaviors.
Majid Saffarinia; ali reza agayousefi; ali mostafaie
Volume 3, Issue 2 , January 2015, , Pages 123-134
Abstract
Introduction :This study aimed at investigating the relationship between social procrastination, social identity, and students’ academic performance. Method: The design was correlational and the sample consisted of 200 students of Payam Noor University, Bukan center. Sampling was based on available ...
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Introduction :This study aimed at investigating the relationship between social procrastination, social identity, and students’ academic performance. Method: The design was correlational and the sample consisted of 200 students of Payam Noor University, Bukan center. Sampling was based on available sampling and three questionnaires including Social Procrastination, Social Identity, and Academic Achievement were employed to collect the data. Pearson correlation and multiple regression analyses were used to analyze the data. Results: The results showed a significant negative correlation between Social Identity and Social Procrastination. Both the individual and collective identities showed a significant negative correlation with Social Procrastination. Indifference, as one of the components of Social Procrastination, had a significant negative correlation with academic performance, but there was no significant relationship between attention to self, as another aspect of Social Procrastination, and academic achievement. Furthermore, Social Identity had a significant positive correlation with academic performance. Among the other aspects, the individual and collective identity had a significant positive correlation with academic performance. Conclusions: According to the results, it can be claimed that Social Procrastination has a negative relationship with academic performance and social identity, while social identity has a significant positive correlation with academic performance.
mohamad Bagher movahedi; Sehraneh Javadi Asaesh
Volume 3, Issue 1 , July 2014, , Pages 125-135
Abstract
Introduction: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of verse training on children`s monitoring memory. Method: Using multistage random sampling 24 male students from the first-grade were chosen. The research design was quasi-experimental using pretest - posttest and control group. ...
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Introduction: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of verse training on children`s monitoring memory. Method: Using multistage random sampling 24 male students from the first-grade were chosen. The research design was quasi-experimental using pretest - posttest and control group. Students of the experimental group received eight 45-minutes sessions of teaching verse, which was based on self-asking teaching strategy designed by Chan and Klee (1990) and Dembo information-processing approach (1994). In order to test the students’ memory a list of pairs of words was used. Data Analysis was done using covariance test. Findings: The results showed that the average error in students’ meta-memory who had received verse training was less than students who did not have this type of training. Conclusion: Students who received verse training mostly used the words they were sure they would remember; while students who had not received training in verse could not remember the words they were sure to remember. Therefore, a difference was observed between actual memory and predicted memory of these students.
Naghmeh Taghva; Parviz Azadfallah; Fereshteh Mootabi
Volume 4, Issue 2 , January 2016, , Pages 137-153
Abstract
Introduction: Subjective Well-Being (SWB), which includes emotional and cognitive elements, is one of the most important factors related to psychological and physical health. This study aimed at comparing emotional competence in two groups of Iranian adolescent girls with high and low SWB. Method: ...
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Introduction: Subjective Well-Being (SWB), which includes emotional and cognitive elements, is one of the most important factors related to psychological and physical health. This study aimed at comparing emotional competence in two groups of Iranian adolescent girls with high and low SWB. Method: Intensity sampling with regard to maximum variation was utilized to select the participants. The data were gathered using in depth interviews (10 girls), incomplete sentences (37 girls), and narrative writing (32 girls). Results: The results demonstrated seven sub-themes of emotional competence theme including: Recognition of emotions, Self-management of emotions, Management of emotions in relationships, Caring for others’ emotions and Empathy, Expressing emotions, level of hope in thought, and Balance of passion. Conclusion: These sub-themes were discussed based on cultural and theoretical frameworks.
Ali Aghayousafy; Hossein Zare; somayeh porbafrany
Volume 3, special , March 2015, , Pages 141-152
Abstract
Aim: the purpose of this research was investigating the relationship between egocentrism and social adjustment among students. Method: For this purpose, 308 students (158 women and 150 men) of Payame Noor university were sampled by available categorized sampling. They were asked to complete Social ...
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Aim: the purpose of this research was investigating the relationship between egocentrism and social adjustment among students. Method: For this purpose, 308 students (158 women and 150 men) of Payame Noor university were sampled by available categorized sampling. They were asked to complete Social Adjustment Questionnaire (1939) as well as Personal Fable and Imaginary Audience Questionnaire (1967) in order to evaluate their egocentrism. Then, the achieved data was analyzed by Pierson's conjunction coefficient and step by step multivariable regression. Findings: The results indicated that there is a meaningful and positive relationship between personal fable and social adjustment.
Ali Asghar Kako Joibari; Mahnaz Ali Akbari; Tahereh Ghorbani
Volume 4, Issue 1 , September 2015, , Pages 146-156
Abstract
Aims: The purpose of this study was to compare the theory of mind in unsupervised and normal children. Method: The study was casual comparative and the population consisted of 9 to 12 years old children with normal or irresponsible parents studyng in Isfahan in the academic year 92-93.The sampling method ...
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Aims: The purpose of this study was to compare the theory of mind in unsupervised and normal children. Method: The study was casual comparative and the population consisted of 9 to 12 years old children with normal or irresponsible parents studyng in Isfahan in the academic year 92-93.The sampling method was Multi-stage random cluster of six districts of the city in boys school. The instrument included Hop theory of mind questionnaire (1994) and data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance. Results:The results showed that the two groups of children had significant differences both in the general and component level (level I, II, and III) of the theory of mind (P
Fatemeh Rohi Jahromi; Hosain Zare; Nila Akhondy
Volume 6, Issue 1 , August 2017, , Pages 147-156
Abstract
Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between body language and perceived social interaction in high school students. Method: The research method was descriptive and correlational. The statistical population was all the 12871 high school students of Shiraz city ...
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Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between body language and perceived social interaction in high school students. Method: The research method was descriptive and correlational. The statistical population was all the 12871 high school students of Shiraz city the enrolled in the academic year of 1395-1396. Using Cochran Formula and cluster sampling, 290 students were chosen to take part in the study. Data collection took place using Body Language Questionnaire by Hasibani and the Glass's Perception of Social Interaction Questionnaire. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 20 and by using the Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis. Findings: The results indicated that among the nonverbal behaviors of teachers, according to standard beta, head (β=0.28), hand (β=0.21) and eyes (β=0.16) had the most role and contribution in explaining the students' perceived social interaction. Conclusion: Therefore, the teachers used head, hands and eyes as non-verbal cues for more interaction with students.
Hossin Zare; Fatemeh Amini
Volume 5, Issue 1 , August 2016, , Pages 148-161
Abstract
Introduction: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of forgiveness on general health through life satisfaction in students. Method: The study was based on the causal correlation method, and the statistical population consisted of all the students of Payam Nour and Azad University ...
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Introduction: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of forgiveness on general health through life satisfaction in students. Method: The study was based on the causal correlation method, and the statistical population consisted of all the students of Payam Nour and Azad University of Lamerd in the second semester of the academic year 2013-2014. The sample of the study consisted of 166 (99 male and 67 female) students which were selected by multistage random sampling. Data collection tools were Heartland Forgiveness Scale (HFS), Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ). Structural equation modeling (SEM) through AMOS-16 and SPSS-16 software packages was used for data analysis. Results: Analysis of structural equation modeling indicated that the default model of effect of forgiveness on general health through life satisfaction fit the data. Further analysis revealed that forgiveness had indirect and direct significant relationship with general health through life satisfaction. Conclusion: Based on the results, it can be said that people bring themselves feelings of satisfaction and happiness and reduce their physical and mental problems and discomforts by forgiving their own mistakes and those of others.
serwa mohammadzadeh; Mosaeb Yarmohammadi Vasel
Volume 7, Issue 1 , August 2018, , Pages 153-170
Abstract
Introduction: The purpose of this study was to introduce and Calculate primary reliability and validity social trap scale. Method: the society of research consisted of all undergraduate students in Kurdistan universities that were 40000 students. The sampling method was randomly multistage cluster sampling. ...
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Introduction: The purpose of this study was to introduce and Calculate primary reliability and validity social trap scale. Method: the society of research consisted of all undergraduate students in Kurdistan universities that were 40000 students. The sampling method was randomly multistage cluster sampling. From among 400 students participated in research project, 320 students filled Researcher made scale of social trap for normalizing, and social perspective taking scale and Social procrastination for assessing convergent and divergent validity filled by sample research. Data analyzed by cronbach alpha, Pearson correlation coefficient and factor analysis. Results: analyzed data showed positive correlation between social trap and Social procrastination (pConclusion: Preliminary estimates showed that the Social trap Scale is a reliable and valid tool in order to evaluate social traps.
elaheh sadeghi; Shohre ghorbanshiroudi; Morteza Tarkhan; Shahrbano Keyhanian
Volume 6, Issue 2 , February 2018, , Pages 155-166
Abstract
The present research aimed at examining the effect of imagery rescripting and reprocessing therapy (IRRT) on negative automatic thoughts and dysfunctional attitudes of women with cancer. This research was semi-experimental with comparison design of unequal control group. Using Kendal and Hellonn`s (date?) ...
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The present research aimed at examining the effect of imagery rescripting and reprocessing therapy (IRRT) on negative automatic thoughts and dysfunctional attitudes of women with cancer. This research was semi-experimental with comparison design of unequal control group. Using Kendal and Hellonn`s (date?) Negative Automatic Thoughts and Weissmen & Beck`s Dysfunctional Attitudes Questionnaire, 28 women with cancer who had negative automatic thoughts and dysfunctional attitudes were randomly selected and were voluntarily assigned into experimental and control groups (14 person in each group). The experimental group received 8 sessions of IRRT techniques on basic Smoker`s educational package (one session weekly) and the control group did not receive any intervention. After the intervention of IRRT, negative automatic thoughts and dysfunctional attitudes of the members of both groups were measured again. MANCOVA was used to analyze the data. Calculated F for negative automatic thought and dysfunctional attitudes variables showed significant difference in both groups. Generally, this research in the agreement with other similar studies indicated that the IRRT method might be an effective intervention in decreasing negative automatic thoughts and dysfunctional attitudes of women with cancer.
Fatemeh Yadolahi Saber; Mohammad Esmaeel Ebrahimi; narges zamani; Ali Sahebi
Abstract
Introduction: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of choice theory training on the level of responsibility and hope in female students. Method: The research was a quasi-experimental pre-test-post-test study with control group. The statistical population of the present study consisted ...
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Introduction: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of choice theory training on the level of responsibility and hope in female students. Method: The research was a quasi-experimental pre-test-post-test study with control group. The statistical population of the present study consisted of 529 female students who were residing in university dormitory and studying at Islamic Azad University in Hamadan in 1395. The participants of study consisted of 30 students who were selected through random sampling. To collect data, the Gof's accountability questionnaire including 42 questions and the Ashnider's Hope questionnaire consisting of 12 items were used in this study. One-way covariance analysis (ANCOVA) and multiple variables (MANCOVA) were used to analyze the data through SPSS software. Results: The results of covariance showed that there is a significant difference between the two experimental and control groups (P Conclusion: Therefore, it can be concluded that Choice Theory Training leads to greater hope and accountability by increasing positive relationships, increasing responsibility and proper ways of satisfying basic human needs.
mohamad alvandisarabi; Hossini Zare; Ahmad Alipor; . .
Volume 5, Issue 2 , November 2016, , Pages 168-180
Abstract
Aim: Since organization members are among the most important assets of higher education institutes, surveying and identifying factors associated with these sources which can be effective on their members' performance, have gained increasing importance. Accordingly, the aim of this study was investigating ...
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Aim: Since organization members are among the most important assets of higher education institutes, surveying and identifying factors associated with these sources which can be effective on their members' performance, have gained increasing importance. Accordingly, the aim of this study was investigating and predicting the cognitive distortions based on irrational beliefs and cognitive fusion in office members of Hamadan Payame Nour University. Method: To conduct the study, using random stratified sampling, a sample consisting of 240 office members of Hamadan Payame Nour University was chosen. Data were gathered through Irrational Beliefs (Jones,1986), Cognitive Distortions (Bek & Weissman, 1978), and Cognitive Fusion (Gillanders, 2010) Questionnaires. To evaluate the relations among variables, Pearson Correlation and Multiple regression were used. Results: The results showed that the irrational beliefs and cognitive fusion correlate positively and significantly and have significant predictive effect on cognitive distortions of Hamadan Payame Nour University office members. Conclusion: According to the results, irrational beliefs and cognitive fusion have predictive role on cognitive distortions; therefore, by educating and management of rational beliefs and effective cognitive factors, cognitive distortions of Hamadan Payame Nour University office members could be reduced.
Mohammad Ali khaksar boldaji; Mohammad Hossein Abdollahi; Parvin Kadivar; Hamid Reza Hasan Abadi; Aliakbar Arjomandnia
Abstract
Introduction:The purpose of present research was the investigation of the effectiveness of computer-based cognitive training on working memory on attention, response control, and central executive working memory of children with specific learning disabilities. Method: The research method was semi- ...
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Introduction:The purpose of present research was the investigation of the effectiveness of computer-based cognitive training on working memory on attention, response control, and central executive working memory of children with specific learning disabilities. Method: The research method was semi- experimental with pre-test post-test fallow-up. A total of 27 students aged 8 to 12 years with a specific learning disorder diagnosis were randomly selected from the centers of special learning disorders in Tehran (Robatkarim).The 27 subjects were peer and clustered into 3 groups based on component, phonological loop and visuospatial sketchpad of the HAFBAK test and the assessment of specific learning disorder (LDES).Then, using the IVA test and the central executive component of the HAFBAK test, a pretest was performed. After 18 session of 50 minute computer- based cognitive intervention, on 27 subjects post-test was performed. After 3 months, the fallow-up test was performed. For analyzing the data descriptive statistics and repeated measure variance analysis method were used. Results: The finding of this research showed that there was a significant difference between the 3 groups in per-test post-test and fallow-up test in the areas of attention, response control and central executive component. Conclusion:Therefore, computer-based cognitive training intervention increased the attention, response control and the central executive component of working memory in children with specific learning disabilities.
Amir Shams; Ali Reza Mehrazeen; Abolghassem Massihabadee; Mohamad reza Shorvarzi
Abstract
Introduction: One of the fundamental basis of a company's success is having good and efficient managers; the managers' merits depends more on their behavior, personality traits, and attitudes than on their knowledge and skills. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of managers' characteristics ...
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Introduction: One of the fundamental basis of a company's success is having good and efficient managers; the managers' merits depends more on their behavior, personality traits, and attitudes than on their knowledge and skills. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of managers' characteristics on information symmetry with mediating the social responsibility disclosure in Tehran Stock Exchange companies. Method: The statistical population of this study is all companies accepted in Tehran Stock Exchange in 2018. The sample of study includes 50 Tehran Stock Exchange companies. In order to test the research hypotheses, structural equation model was used using partial least squares method through software (PLS3). Hexaco 6 Factor Questionnaire (2004) and the researcher made checklist were used to measure personality traits and social responsibility disclosure, respectively. In addiotion, to assess information symmetry, the difference between the proposed purchase price and the proposed selling price of the company's shares on the Tehran Stock Exchange was utilized. Results: The results showed that there was a positive and significant relationship between honesty, humility, agreement, conscientiousness and openness to experience and disclosure of social responsibility.Also, the above four personality factors can affect the symmetry of information by mediating the disclosure of social responsibility.
Davood Manavipour; Pouneh Shahabi; alireza Pirkhaefi
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to construct a self-empathy scale based on the psychodynamic approach of Davanloo and Malan. Method: This was a descriptive correlational study with the aim of developmental psychometrics. The statistical population of this study included all students of Islamic Azad ...
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Objective: The aim of this study was to construct a self-empathy scale based on the psychodynamic approach of Davanloo and Malan. Method: This was a descriptive correlational study with the aim of developmental psychometrics. The statistical population of this study included all students of Islamic Azad University of Tehran and Garmsar in the academic year of 1998-99. Results: The reliability coefficient of this scale was 0.89 by Cronbach's alpha method. The results of exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis of his self-empathy scale showed that with 16 items, 5 factors measure body attention, perception of feelings, introspection, anxiety, and defense mechanisms. This scale, with its coefficient of reliability and validity of structure and content, is suitable for screening people at their level of self-empathy. This research was done as the first attempt to construct a scale of self-empathy that achieved 16 items and 5 internal factors of this concept. Psychometric indices of this scale can be considered for the first attempt. This scale is currently suitable for screening and this path requires more extensive research to be able to achieve psychometric indices suitable for clinical trials.
elahe Memarian; Davood Manavipour; Mojtaba Sedaghati Fard
Abstract
Objective: Low self-efficacy and aggression are found in all cultures and are the most common kind of problems in students, which cause discomfort and distress in others; thus, they disrupt the mental health of the community. This study aims to investigate the comparison of effectiveness of group ...
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Objective: Low self-efficacy and aggression are found in all cultures and are the most common kind of problems in students, which cause discomfort and distress in others; thus, they disrupt the mental health of the community. This study aims to investigate the comparison of effectiveness of group training anger management and psycho-social empowerment on aggression and social self-efficacy. Method: This experimental study was conducted with a pretest-posttest design with control group and follow-up two month. The statistical population of this study included all the female students high school Tehran city to 125110 people were in year academic 2020-2021 and 90 female students by convenience sampling were considered as the sample size in two experimental groups and on group control (each group of 30 female students). The experimental groups underwent group training anger management and psycho-social empowerment (12 sessions 90 minutes in each training), but the control group received no training and remained in the waiting list. To collect data aggression questionnaire and adolescents social self-efficacy scale. Data analysis was performed using SPSS-24 software in two sections: descriptive and inferential (analysis of variance with repeated measures and Bonferroni). Results: The results of the study showed that both types of treatment in post-test and follow up had a significant effect on reducing aggression and increasing social self-efficacy of female high school students (P<0.05). In addition, the results showed that group anger management training was more effective than psycho-social empowerment group in reducing aggression and increasing social self-efficacy (P<0.05). Conclusion: It can be concluded that, anger training anger management and psycho-social empowerment can be considered as a supportive and effective tool for reducing aggression and increasing social self-efficacy and used for adolescents in particular.
Zohreh Rafezi; Masih Jani
Abstract
Aim: COVID-19 is an infectious disease that is spreading around the world very fast. One of the affairs recommended from the first days of the epidemic to prevent the further spread of the virus is to follow health protocols. Despite repeated recommendations, a significant portion of people still has ...
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Aim: COVID-19 is an infectious disease that is spreading around the world very fast. One of the affairs recommended from the first days of the epidemic to prevent the further spread of the virus is to follow health protocols. Despite repeated recommendations, a significant portion of people still has difficulty following these protocols while intending to do so. The purpose of this study was the explanation of the intention-behavior gap in following the health protocols of coronavirus based on trait self-control and executive functions variables. Method: The methodology of this research was causal-comparative, and the statistical population of this study was adults who had access to the Internet. The research sample consisted of 60 adults who were selected by convenience sampling method and inclusion criteria, and after matching the two groups with high and low intention-behavior gaps were replaced. Participants in this study answered the Tanji self-control scale (2004), Wisconsin card sorting test (1948), Go/nogo test (2002), N-back test (1958), and intention-behavior researcher-made scale. To analyze data Mann-Whitney and Chi-square tests were used. Results: The results showed that there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of self-control, but there was a significant difference in terms of executive functions (P = 0.05). Conclusion: In general, it can be concluded that executive functions play a key role in transforming individuals' intentions into behavior.
Clinical Psychology
tahereh lotfizadeh; Mir shahram Safari; hosein zare; Kambiz Poshneh; Mohammad Hasan Asayesh
Abstract
This research was conducted to determine the effectiveness of paradox therapy on behavioral functions, emotional regulation, and brain functions by FNIRS in treating aerophobia. The current research design was a semi-experimental pre-test-post-test type with an experimental group (paradox therapy) and ...
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This research was conducted to determine the effectiveness of paradox therapy on behavioral functions, emotional regulation, and brain functions by FNIRS in treating aerophobia. The current research design was a semi-experimental pre-test-post-test type with an experimental group (paradox therapy) and a control group (13 people in each group) with a 1-month follow-up test. The statistical population of this research included people who were fear of flying, and they were invited to participate in an invitation in 2024 in Tehran. Fear of flying questionnaire, emotion regulation questionnaire and Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (FNIRS) were used to collect data and also 5 session protocol (one session per week and 60 minutes each session) of paradox therapy was used for intervention. The data were analyzed with the methods of analysis of variance with repeated measurements and t-tests. The findings indicated that the paradox therapy program improved the behavioral functions and also the average oxyhemoglobin contrast signal of the left hemisphere channels in the post-test had a significant decrease compared to the pre-test (p<0.01), but it had no significant effect on emotion regulation (p>0.01). In general, paradox therapy is very important in improving the fear of flying. It can improve the behavioral and brain functions of a person, and this method can be used to treat the fear of flying.
Reza Rasouli
Volume 2, Issue 2 , March 2014, , Pages 111-124
Abstract
Justice is an important managerial issue which has received considerable attention world-wide. Over the recent thirty years of research on justice in organizations indicate that individuals are highly sensitive to executing justice in allocation of complications, procedures under which the complications ...
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Justice is an important managerial issue which has received considerable attention world-wide. Over the recent thirty years of research on justice in organizations indicate that individuals are highly sensitive to executing justice in allocation of complications, procedures under which the complications are allocated and behaviors that are conducted. Social capital is a modern concept that pays a more important role than that of physical and human in the organizations and societies. Nowadays, in sociology and economy it has received widespread attention in managements and organizations. In the absence of social capital, other organizational capitals will lose their effect and can not be used optimally. Therefore, knowledge of the amount of social capital is so important. Here in this article, a questionnaire comprising of two general and special questions were prepared to study the importance of organizational justice and it impact on the social capital of employees. Then among 215 employees of medical department of Ayatollah Taleghani with Bachelor of Science, 95 individuals were selected randomly. After distribution of the questionnaires, analysis was carried out by using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlations coefficient and T test. Results gained indicate that there is a meaningful relationship among employees sensitivity to justice execution and their social capital level. Also, there is a positive meaningful relationship between understanding distributive justice, procedural justice and creating trust in organization.
Psychology
Sevna Asgarzadeh; Majid Baradaran; Farzaneh Ranjbar Noushari
Abstract
Marital conflict can interfere with interpersonal relationships and cause family problems. The aim of the present study was to comparison of mindfulness, early maladaptive schemas and cognitive fusion in women with and without marital conflict. This is a descriptive study of causal-comparative type. ...
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Marital conflict can interfere with interpersonal relationships and cause family problems. The aim of the present study was to comparison of mindfulness, early maladaptive schemas and cognitive fusion in women with and without marital conflict. This is a descriptive study of causal-comparative type. The statistical society includes women referred to counceling centers in areas 2, 4 and 7 of Tehran during tow months from Mehr to Aban 2022 and research sample includes 90 women with marital conflicts and 90 without marital conflicts that were chosen by the method of available sampling and responded to marital conflict, mindfulness, early maladaptive schemas and cognitive fusion Questionnaires. For data analysis, multivariate analysis of variance was used. The results show that there is a significant difference between in women with and without marital conflict in terms of mindfulness, early maladaptive schemas and cognitive fusion. According to finding, we can cunclued that this vriables directly or indirectly affect in the formation or increase the marital conflicts.
social Psychology
Pernia Ebrahimi Loya; Abdulzahra Naami; Seyed Esmaeil Hashemi
Abstract
Recently, due to factors such as the unfavorable economic situation, global changes in work and the increase in the level of education, the concern and problem of human resource management of organizations is that a large number of employees have an education level, skills and capabilities beyond what ...
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Recently, due to factors such as the unfavorable economic situation, global changes in work and the increase in the level of education, the concern and problem of human resource management of organizations is that a large number of employees have an education level, skills and capabilities beyond what is necessary for the successful implementation of the job. are collisions. The purpose of the current research was to determined the relationship between perceived overqualification with job satisfaction and job boredom, and determine the moderating role of work meaningfulness, member-leader exchange and team cohesion in the relationship between perceived overqualification with job satisfaction and job boredom. The research design was cross-sectional. The statistical Sample included 180 participants that were selected by sample random sampling from a company in Tehran. The instruments included questioners of job satisfaction (Agho et al.., 1992), perceived over qualification (Maynard et al. 2006), job boredom (Vodanovich & Kass, 1990), cohesion work (Carless & De Paola, 2000), work meaningfulness (Steger et al., 2012) and member-leader exchange (Graen & Uhl-Bien, 1995). In this research, data analysis was done by correlation and regression methods using the SPSS software. In addition, work meaningfulness, member-leader exchange, and team cohesion team cohesion moderated the relationship between perceived overqualification with job satisfaction, and job boredom. The inherent limitation of the present study is the cross-sectional research design, which does not provide the possibility of causal inference from the results. Although the proposed hypotheses are designed based on strong theories in the field of super-competence, the existence of reverse causality is not far from the mind. In addition, the use of only questionnaires can be another limitation of this research. It is suggested that this research be carried out in other organizations to determine the generalizability of the results.
social Psychology
Mona Farkhondehfal; Pegah Nejat
Abstract
Introduction: This study aimed to examine the effect of social exclusion on state self-esteem at both implicit and explicit levels and the moderating role of trait implicit and explicit self-esteem in this relation. Method: It was an experimental study with one between-subjects factor (acceptance, rejection). ...
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Introduction: This study aimed to examine the effect of social exclusion on state self-esteem at both implicit and explicit levels and the moderating role of trait implicit and explicit self-esteem in this relation. Method: It was an experimental study with one between-subjects factor (acceptance, rejection). Participants were 110 individuals (80% women) with a mean age of 27.4 years who participated in this study voluntarily and online in fall 1400. They first responded to measures of explicit and implicit trait self-esteem then received the social exclusion manipulation by "writing about previous experience" and finally responded to measures of explicit and implicit state self-esteem. Rosenberg self-esteem scale (Rosenberg, 1965) and single-item self-esteem scale (Donnellan et al., 2015) were used to measure explicit self-esteem. Implicit Association Test (Greenwald & Farnham, 2000) and Name-Letter Test (Kitayama & Karasawa, 1997) were used to assess implicit self-esteem. Results: Consistent with sociometer theory, implicit state self-esteem was lower in response to the rejection condition compared to the acceptance condition. In contrast, explicit state self-esteem was not different between the acceptance and rejection conditions. One possible explanation for this finding is the activation of conscious defense mechanisms to protect self-esteem in response to the experience of social rejection. The effect of social exclusion on implicit state self-esteem was not moderated with either explicit or implicit trait self-esteem. whereas the effect of social exclusion on explicit state self-esteem was moderated with both explicit and implicit trait self-esteem. Conclusion: The effect of social exclusion on explicit state self-esteem was moderated such that explicit state self-esteem of participants with either high implicit or low explicit trait self-esteem was less vulnerable to the experience of social exclusion. Differences of explicit and implicit state self-esteem in response to social exclusion in different levels of explicit and implicit trait self-esteem need further investigation.
Ziba barghi Irani; Mojtaba bakhti; Mohhamad Javad bagiyan agiyankulemare
Volume 4, Issue 1 , September 2015, , Pages 157-175
Abstract
Introduction: The main aim of the Present study was to assess the effectiveness of a cognitive processing -Based social skills training on social, emotional, psychological well-being and reduce the symptoms of children with conduct disorder. Method: This research was an experimental study including pre-tests ...
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Introduction: The main aim of the Present study was to assess the effectiveness of a cognitive processing -Based social skills training on social, emotional, psychological well-being and reduce the symptoms of children with conduct disorder. Method: This research was an experimental study including pre-tests and post-tests with control group. The statistical Universe of the study included elementary school boys in Delfan city in the academic year 1392-93 (A.H). The subjects of the study included 40 male students from among the male students in Delfan city identified by the scales of CSI-4 (parent & teacher form), psychological well–being Personal and Structured clinical interview and chosen through simple random sampling Then They were assigned to two groups of control and experimental (20 students in each group). Results: The results of multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) showed that cognitive processing -Based social skills training on social, emotional, psychological well-being male students was effective (P
