elaheh sadeghi; Shohre ghorbanshiroudi; Morteza Tarkhan; Shahrbano Keyhanian
Volume 6, Issue 2 , February 2018, , Pages 155-166
Abstract
The present research aimed at examining the effect of imagery rescripting and reprocessing therapy (IRRT) on negative automatic thoughts and dysfunctional attitudes of women with cancer. This research was semi-experimental with comparison design of unequal control group. Using Kendal and Hellonn`s (date?) ...
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The present research aimed at examining the effect of imagery rescripting and reprocessing therapy (IRRT) on negative automatic thoughts and dysfunctional attitudes of women with cancer. This research was semi-experimental with comparison design of unequal control group. Using Kendal and Hellonn`s (date?) Negative Automatic Thoughts and Weissmen & Beck`s Dysfunctional Attitudes Questionnaire, 28 women with cancer who had negative automatic thoughts and dysfunctional attitudes were randomly selected and were voluntarily assigned into experimental and control groups (14 person in each group). The experimental group received 8 sessions of IRRT techniques on basic Smoker`s educational package (one session weekly) and the control group did not receive any intervention. After the intervention of IRRT, negative automatic thoughts and dysfunctional attitudes of the members of both groups were measured again. MANCOVA was used to analyze the data. Calculated F for negative automatic thought and dysfunctional attitudes variables showed significant difference in both groups. Generally, this research in the agreement with other similar studies indicated that the IRRT method might be an effective intervention in decreasing negative automatic thoughts and dysfunctional attitudes of women with cancer.
Fatemeh Yadolahi Saber; Mohammad Esmaeel Ebrahimi; narges zamani; Ali Sahebi
Abstract
Introduction: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of choice theory training on the level of responsibility and hope in female students. Method: The research was a quasi-experimental pre-test-post-test study with control group. The statistical population of the present study consisted ...
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Introduction: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of choice theory training on the level of responsibility and hope in female students. Method: The research was a quasi-experimental pre-test-post-test study with control group. The statistical population of the present study consisted of 529 female students who were residing in university dormitory and studying at Islamic Azad University in Hamadan in 1395. The participants of study consisted of 30 students who were selected through random sampling. To collect data, the Gof's accountability questionnaire including 42 questions and the Ashnider's Hope questionnaire consisting of 12 items were used in this study. One-way covariance analysis (ANCOVA) and multiple variables (MANCOVA) were used to analyze the data through SPSS software. Results: The results of covariance showed that there is a significant difference between the two experimental and control groups (P Conclusion: Therefore, it can be concluded that Choice Theory Training leads to greater hope and accountability by increasing positive relationships, increasing responsibility and proper ways of satisfying basic human needs.
mohamad alvandisarabi; Hossini Zare; Ahmad Alipor; . .
Volume 5, Issue 2 , November 2016, , Pages 168-180
Abstract
Aim: Since organization members are among the most important assets of higher education institutes, surveying and identifying factors associated with these sources which can be effective on their members' performance, have gained increasing importance. Accordingly, the aim of this study was investigating ...
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Aim: Since organization members are among the most important assets of higher education institutes, surveying and identifying factors associated with these sources which can be effective on their members' performance, have gained increasing importance. Accordingly, the aim of this study was investigating and predicting the cognitive distortions based on irrational beliefs and cognitive fusion in office members of Hamadan Payame Nour University. Method: To conduct the study, using random stratified sampling, a sample consisting of 240 office members of Hamadan Payame Nour University was chosen. Data were gathered through Irrational Beliefs (Jones,1986), Cognitive Distortions (Bek & Weissman, 1978), and Cognitive Fusion (Gillanders, 2010) Questionnaires. To evaluate the relations among variables, Pearson Correlation and Multiple regression were used. Results: The results showed that the irrational beliefs and cognitive fusion correlate positively and significantly and have significant predictive effect on cognitive distortions of Hamadan Payame Nour University office members. Conclusion: According to the results, irrational beliefs and cognitive fusion have predictive role on cognitive distortions; therefore, by educating and management of rational beliefs and effective cognitive factors, cognitive distortions of Hamadan Payame Nour University office members could be reduced.
Mohammad Ali khaksar boldaji; Mohammad Hossein Abdollahi; Parvin Kadivar; Hamid Reza Hasan Abadi; Aliakbar Arjomandnia
Abstract
Introduction:The purpose of present research was the investigation of the effectiveness of computer-based cognitive training on working memory on attention, response control, and central executive working memory of children with specific learning disabilities. Method: The research method was semi- ...
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Introduction:The purpose of present research was the investigation of the effectiveness of computer-based cognitive training on working memory on attention, response control, and central executive working memory of children with specific learning disabilities. Method: The research method was semi- experimental with pre-test post-test fallow-up. A total of 27 students aged 8 to 12 years with a specific learning disorder diagnosis were randomly selected from the centers of special learning disorders in Tehran (Robatkarim).The 27 subjects were peer and clustered into 3 groups based on component, phonological loop and visuospatial sketchpad of the HAFBAK test and the assessment of specific learning disorder (LDES).Then, using the IVA test and the central executive component of the HAFBAK test, a pretest was performed. After 18 session of 50 minute computer- based cognitive intervention, on 27 subjects post-test was performed. After 3 months, the fallow-up test was performed. For analyzing the data descriptive statistics and repeated measure variance analysis method were used. Results: The finding of this research showed that there was a significant difference between the 3 groups in per-test post-test and fallow-up test in the areas of attention, response control and central executive component. Conclusion:Therefore, computer-based cognitive training intervention increased the attention, response control and the central executive component of working memory in children with specific learning disabilities.
Amir Shams; Ali Reza Mehrazeen; Abolghassem Massihabadee; Mohamad reza Shorvarzi
Abstract
Introduction: One of the fundamental basis of a company's success is having good and efficient managers; the managers' merits depends more on their behavior, personality traits, and attitudes than on their knowledge and skills. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of managers' characteristics ...
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Introduction: One of the fundamental basis of a company's success is having good and efficient managers; the managers' merits depends more on their behavior, personality traits, and attitudes than on their knowledge and skills. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of managers' characteristics on information symmetry with mediating the social responsibility disclosure in Tehran Stock Exchange companies. Method: The statistical population of this study is all companies accepted in Tehran Stock Exchange in 2018. The sample of study includes 50 Tehran Stock Exchange companies. In order to test the research hypotheses, structural equation model was used using partial least squares method through software (PLS3). Hexaco 6 Factor Questionnaire (2004) and the researcher made checklist were used to measure personality traits and social responsibility disclosure, respectively. In addiotion, to assess information symmetry, the difference between the proposed purchase price and the proposed selling price of the company's shares on the Tehran Stock Exchange was utilized. Results: The results showed that there was a positive and significant relationship between honesty, humility, agreement, conscientiousness and openness to experience and disclosure of social responsibility.Also, the above four personality factors can affect the symmetry of information by mediating the disclosure of social responsibility.
Davood Manavipour; Pouneh Shahabi; alireza Pirkhaefi
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to construct a self-empathy scale based on the psychodynamic approach of Davanloo and Malan. Method: This was a descriptive correlational study with the aim of developmental psychometrics. The statistical population of this study included all students of Islamic Azad ...
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Objective: The aim of this study was to construct a self-empathy scale based on the psychodynamic approach of Davanloo and Malan. Method: This was a descriptive correlational study with the aim of developmental psychometrics. The statistical population of this study included all students of Islamic Azad University of Tehran and Garmsar in the academic year of 1998-99. Results: The reliability coefficient of this scale was 0.89 by Cronbach's alpha method. The results of exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis of his self-empathy scale showed that with 16 items, 5 factors measure body attention, perception of feelings, introspection, anxiety, and defense mechanisms. This scale, with its coefficient of reliability and validity of structure and content, is suitable for screening people at their level of self-empathy. This research was done as the first attempt to construct a scale of self-empathy that achieved 16 items and 5 internal factors of this concept. Psychometric indices of this scale can be considered for the first attempt. This scale is currently suitable for screening and this path requires more extensive research to be able to achieve psychometric indices suitable for clinical trials.
elahe Memarian; Davood Manavipour; Mojtaba Sedaghati Fard
Abstract
Objective: Low self-efficacy and aggression are found in all cultures and are the most common kind of problems in students, which cause discomfort and distress in others; thus, they disrupt the mental health of the community. This study aims to investigate the comparison of effectiveness of group ...
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Objective: Low self-efficacy and aggression are found in all cultures and are the most common kind of problems in students, which cause discomfort and distress in others; thus, they disrupt the mental health of the community. This study aims to investigate the comparison of effectiveness of group training anger management and psycho-social empowerment on aggression and social self-efficacy. Method: This experimental study was conducted with a pretest-posttest design with control group and follow-up two month. The statistical population of this study included all the female students high school Tehran city to 125110 people were in year academic 2020-2021 and 90 female students by convenience sampling were considered as the sample size in two experimental groups and on group control (each group of 30 female students). The experimental groups underwent group training anger management and psycho-social empowerment (12 sessions 90 minutes in each training), but the control group received no training and remained in the waiting list. To collect data aggression questionnaire and adolescents social self-efficacy scale. Data analysis was performed using SPSS-24 software in two sections: descriptive and inferential (analysis of variance with repeated measures and Bonferroni). Results: The results of the study showed that both types of treatment in post-test and follow up had a significant effect on reducing aggression and increasing social self-efficacy of female high school students (P<0.05). In addition, the results showed that group anger management training was more effective than psycho-social empowerment group in reducing aggression and increasing social self-efficacy (P<0.05). Conclusion: It can be concluded that, anger training anger management and psycho-social empowerment can be considered as a supportive and effective tool for reducing aggression and increasing social self-efficacy and used for adolescents in particular.
Zohreh Rafezi; Masih Jani
Abstract
Aim: COVID-19 is an infectious disease that is spreading around the world very fast. One of the affairs recommended from the first days of the epidemic to prevent the further spread of the virus is to follow health protocols. Despite repeated recommendations, a significant portion of people still has ...
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Aim: COVID-19 is an infectious disease that is spreading around the world very fast. One of the affairs recommended from the first days of the epidemic to prevent the further spread of the virus is to follow health protocols. Despite repeated recommendations, a significant portion of people still has difficulty following these protocols while intending to do so. The purpose of this study was the explanation of the intention-behavior gap in following the health protocols of coronavirus based on trait self-control and executive functions variables. Method: The methodology of this research was causal-comparative, and the statistical population of this study was adults who had access to the Internet. The research sample consisted of 60 adults who were selected by convenience sampling method and inclusion criteria, and after matching the two groups with high and low intention-behavior gaps were replaced. Participants in this study answered the Tanji self-control scale (2004), Wisconsin card sorting test (1948), Go/nogo test (2002), N-back test (1958), and intention-behavior researcher-made scale. To analyze data Mann-Whitney and Chi-square tests were used. Results: The results showed that there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of self-control, but there was a significant difference in terms of executive functions (P = 0.05). Conclusion: In general, it can be concluded that executive functions play a key role in transforming individuals' intentions into behavior.
Psychology
Hossein Dehghani; Samaneh Salimi; Mahdi Karvandi
Abstract
This study investigates the role of attachment styles (secure, avoidant, and ambivalent) in predicting academic procrastination, with shame as a mediating factor. The research employs a descriptive-correlational and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), with a sample of 200 students from the University ...
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This study investigates the role of attachment styles (secure, avoidant, and ambivalent) in predicting academic procrastination, with shame as a mediating factor. The research employs a descriptive-correlational and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), with a sample of 200 students from the University of Tehran, selected through random sampling. Data collection was conducted using the Adult Attachment Questionnaire (Hazan & Shaver, 1987), the Shame Scale (Cohen et al., 2018), and the Academic Procrastination Scale (Solomon & Rothblum, 1984). Path analysis using JASP software revealed that ambivalent attachment style had a significant impact on both shame and academic procrastination (P < 0.01), while secure and avoidant attachment styles showed no significant relationship with these variables (P > 0.05). Additionally, shame directly influenced academic procrastination (P < 0.05), but its mediating role between attachment styles and procrastination was not confirmed. This may be due to the limited sample size and reliance on self-report instruments, which might reduce the sensitivity for detecting indirect effects. The proposed model explained 21% of the variance in shame and 23% of the variance in academic procrastination. These findings suggest that individuals with an ambivalent attachment style, due to their heightened sensitivity to social approval, are more prone to experiencing shame and engaging in academic procrastination. In contrast, those with secure and avoidant attachment styles seem less affected by shame in the context of procrastination. The results highlight the importance of considering attachment styles and emotional regulation strategies in interventions aimed at reducing procrastination and improving students' academic performance. Future research should explore the influence of emotional regulation in mitigating the effects of shame on procrastination.
Reza Rasouli
Volume 2, Issue 2 , March 2014, , Pages 111-124
Abstract
Justice is an important managerial issue which has received considerable attention world-wide. Over the recent thirty years of research on justice in organizations indicate that individuals are highly sensitive to executing justice in allocation of complications, procedures under which the complications ...
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Justice is an important managerial issue which has received considerable attention world-wide. Over the recent thirty years of research on justice in organizations indicate that individuals are highly sensitive to executing justice in allocation of complications, procedures under which the complications are allocated and behaviors that are conducted. Social capital is a modern concept that pays a more important role than that of physical and human in the organizations and societies. Nowadays, in sociology and economy it has received widespread attention in managements and organizations. In the absence of social capital, other organizational capitals will lose their effect and can not be used optimally. Therefore, knowledge of the amount of social capital is so important. Here in this article, a questionnaire comprising of two general and special questions were prepared to study the importance of organizational justice and it impact on the social capital of employees. Then among 215 employees of medical department of Ayatollah Taleghani with Bachelor of Science, 95 individuals were selected randomly. After distribution of the questionnaires, analysis was carried out by using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlations coefficient and T test. Results gained indicate that there is a meaningful relationship among employees sensitivity to justice execution and their social capital level. Also, there is a positive meaningful relationship between understanding distributive justice, procedural justice and creating trust in organization.
Psychology
Sevna Asgarzadeh; Majid Baradaran; Farzaneh Ranjbar Noushari
Abstract
Marital conflict can interfere with interpersonal relationships and cause family problems. The aim of the present study was to comparison of mindfulness, early maladaptive schemas and cognitive fusion in women with and without marital conflict. This is a descriptive study of causal-comparative type. ...
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Marital conflict can interfere with interpersonal relationships and cause family problems. The aim of the present study was to comparison of mindfulness, early maladaptive schemas and cognitive fusion in women with and without marital conflict. This is a descriptive study of causal-comparative type. The statistical society includes women referred to counceling centers in areas 2, 4 and 7 of Tehran during tow months from Mehr to Aban 2022 and research sample includes 90 women with marital conflicts and 90 without marital conflicts that were chosen by the method of available sampling and responded to marital conflict, mindfulness, early maladaptive schemas and cognitive fusion Questionnaires. For data analysis, multivariate analysis of variance was used. The results show that there is a significant difference between in women with and without marital conflict in terms of mindfulness, early maladaptive schemas and cognitive fusion. According to finding, we can cunclued that this vriables directly or indirectly affect in the formation or increase the marital conflicts.
social Psychology
Pernia Ebrahimi Loya; Abdulzahra Naami; Seyed Esmaeil Hashemi
Abstract
Recently, due to factors such as the unfavorable economic situation, global changes in work and the increase in the level of education, the concern and problem of human resource management of organizations is that a large number of employees have an education level, skills and capabilities beyond what ...
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Recently, due to factors such as the unfavorable economic situation, global changes in work and the increase in the level of education, the concern and problem of human resource management of organizations is that a large number of employees have an education level, skills and capabilities beyond what is necessary for the successful implementation of the job. are collisions. The purpose of the current research was to determined the relationship between perceived overqualification with job satisfaction and job boredom, and determine the moderating role of work meaningfulness, member-leader exchange and team cohesion in the relationship between perceived overqualification with job satisfaction and job boredom. The research design was cross-sectional. The statistical Sample included 180 participants that were selected by sample random sampling from a company in Tehran. The instruments included questioners of job satisfaction (Agho et al.., 1992), perceived over qualification (Maynard et al. 2006), job boredom (Vodanovich & Kass, 1990), cohesion work (Carless & De Paola, 2000), work meaningfulness (Steger et al., 2012) and member-leader exchange (Graen & Uhl-Bien, 1995). In this research, data analysis was done by correlation and regression methods using the SPSS software. In addition, work meaningfulness, member-leader exchange, and team cohesion team cohesion moderated the relationship between perceived overqualification with job satisfaction, and job boredom. The inherent limitation of the present study is the cross-sectional research design, which does not provide the possibility of causal inference from the results. Although the proposed hypotheses are designed based on strong theories in the field of super-competence, the existence of reverse causality is not far from the mind. In addition, the use of only questionnaires can be another limitation of this research. It is suggested that this research be carried out in other organizations to determine the generalizability of the results.
social Psychology
Mona Farkhondehfal; Pegah Nejat
Abstract
Introduction: This study aimed to examine the effect of social exclusion on state self-esteem at both implicit and explicit levels and the moderating role of trait implicit and explicit self-esteem in this relation. Method: It was an experimental study with one between-subjects factor (acceptance, rejection). ...
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Introduction: This study aimed to examine the effect of social exclusion on state self-esteem at both implicit and explicit levels and the moderating role of trait implicit and explicit self-esteem in this relation. Method: It was an experimental study with one between-subjects factor (acceptance, rejection). Participants were 110 individuals (80% women) with a mean age of 27.4 years who participated in this study voluntarily and online in fall 1400. They first responded to measures of explicit and implicit trait self-esteem then received the social exclusion manipulation by "writing about previous experience" and finally responded to measures of explicit and implicit state self-esteem. Rosenberg self-esteem scale (Rosenberg, 1965) and single-item self-esteem scale (Donnellan et al., 2015) were used to measure explicit self-esteem. Implicit Association Test (Greenwald & Farnham, 2000) and Name-Letter Test (Kitayama & Karasawa, 1997) were used to assess implicit self-esteem. Results: Consistent with sociometer theory, implicit state self-esteem was lower in response to the rejection condition compared to the acceptance condition. In contrast, explicit state self-esteem was not different between the acceptance and rejection conditions. One possible explanation for this finding is the activation of conscious defense mechanisms to protect self-esteem in response to the experience of social rejection. The effect of social exclusion on implicit state self-esteem was not moderated with either explicit or implicit trait self-esteem. whereas the effect of social exclusion on explicit state self-esteem was moderated with both explicit and implicit trait self-esteem. Conclusion: The effect of social exclusion on explicit state self-esteem was moderated such that explicit state self-esteem of participants with either high implicit or low explicit trait self-esteem was less vulnerable to the experience of social exclusion. Differences of explicit and implicit state self-esteem in response to social exclusion in different levels of explicit and implicit trait self-esteem need further investigation.
Ziba barghi Irani; Mojtaba bakhti; Mohhamad Javad bagiyan agiyankulemare
Volume 4, Issue 1 , September 2015, , Pages 157-175
Abstract
Introduction: The main aim of the Present study was to assess the effectiveness of a cognitive processing -Based social skills training on social, emotional, psychological well-being and reduce the symptoms of children with conduct disorder. Method: This research was an experimental study including pre-tests ...
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Introduction: The main aim of the Present study was to assess the effectiveness of a cognitive processing -Based social skills training on social, emotional, psychological well-being and reduce the symptoms of children with conduct disorder. Method: This research was an experimental study including pre-tests and post-tests with control group. The statistical Universe of the study included elementary school boys in Delfan city in the academic year 1392-93 (A.H). The subjects of the study included 40 male students from among the male students in Delfan city identified by the scales of CSI-4 (parent & teacher form), psychological well–being Personal and Structured clinical interview and chosen through simple random sampling Then They were assigned to two groups of control and experimental (20 students in each group). Results: The results of multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) showed that cognitive processing -Based social skills training on social, emotional, psychological well-being male students was effective (P
Mohammad Oraki; hossin zare; zahra atar gasbe
Volume 6, Issue 2 , February 2018, , Pages 167-183
Abstract
Introduction:The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of cognitive rehabilitation on working memory and academic achievement of children with Discalcula. Method: The present study was a semi-experimental design with pretest-posttest with control group. 30 students with 3rd to 5th grade ...
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Introduction:The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of cognitive rehabilitation on working memory and academic achievement of children with Discalcula. Method: The present study was a semi-experimental design with pretest-posttest with control group. 30 students with 3rd to 5th grade math disorders who were selected by available sampling method were randomly assigned into two experimental and control groups. The experimental group in this study received the Wilson Cognitive Rehabilitation Program for 8 sessions and the control group was waiting for intervention. Conclusion: The results of Co-variance analysis showed that the scores of work memory and academic achievement in the experimental group were significant Increasedacademic achievement of children with mathmetics disorder. Results: Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that cognitive rehabilitation can improve the educational achievement of children with maldistry to a degree.
Sepideh Safiri Hassan Abadi; Sepide Safiri Hasanabadi; Mahmoud Reza shahsavari
Abstract
Objective: This paper is presented with the aim of confirmatory and exploratory factor analysis of psychometric properties of Toronto Empathy Questionnaire and its adaptation to Persian language is presented. Method: The present paper is a descriptive, applied and correlational study and has been written ...
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Objective: This paper is presented with the aim of confirmatory and exploratory factor analysis of psychometric properties of Toronto Empathy Questionnaire and its adaptation to Persian language is presented. Method: The present paper is a descriptive, applied and correlational study and has been written with the aim of development-psychometrics. the statistical population consisted of 400 students of Islamic Azad University of Garmsar which was selected by available sampling method. The data were analyzed using SPSS and LISREL software. Results: the results were exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. The results showed that the questionnaire with an average reliability coefficient of 0.59 and a KMO of 0.702 had acceptable adequacy. This article is based on three different studies that the difference is in the number of constituent elements the Toronto Empathy Questionnaire. A third study combines the first two studies, has consisted of a first-order general factor of empathy and five second-order factors. The fit indices obtained, indicate the appropriate fit of the model. The overall score reliability in Cronbach's alpha method is 0.92 and in the retesting method is 0.88, which are good reliability coefficients. Conclusion: Toronto Empathy Questionnaire was created to eliminate diversity in valuation in empathy components and create a single-component version with high psychometric characteristics, with 10 items and 96.58% explanation of empathy variance in Iranian student population, this questionnaire was confirmed.
hassan bafandeh gharamaleki; sara sharghi lavan; Rahim yousefi
Abstract
Abstract Introduction: Music is influential in all aspect of human existence and there is a great deal of research into the influence of music on the body and the psyche, musicians can also influence people as creators of music and a part of culture of society. Aims: This study preformed aimed to compare ...
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Abstract Introduction: Music is influential in all aspect of human existence and there is a great deal of research into the influence of music on the body and the psyche, musicians can also influence people as creators of music and a part of culture of society. Aims: This study preformed aimed to compare the theory of mind in traditional percussions player with traditional string musical instruments players and normal counterparts. Method: This study is a causal-comparative study in which a sample of 90 people consisting of 30 traditional percussion players, 30 string musical instrument players and 30 normal counterparts were selected. The musicians were selected through available sampling from music teachers and their counterparts were selected through purposeful sampling. The instruments used in this study were Baron-Cohen’s Theory of Mind questionnaire. The data were analyzed by ANOVA. Result and Conclusion: Analyzes show that there was a significant difference between traditional percussion players, traditional string musical instruments players and normal counterparts in theory of mind as the results show that amount of TOM in traditional string musical instruments players is more than normal counterparts and traditional percussion players.
Ali poladi Rishehri; seyed mousa golestaneh
Abstract
Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between defense mechanisms and identity styles with resiliency in early, mid, and late adolescence. Methods: The present study was a descriptive correlational one. Accordingly, from all high school students in Jam city in the ...
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Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between defense mechanisms and identity styles with resiliency in early, mid, and late adolescence. Methods: The present study was a descriptive correlational one. Accordingly, from all high school students in Jam city in the 2017-2018 academic year, 300 persons (150 girls and 150 boys) were selected using a simple random sampling method who completed hardiness inventory, assertiveness scale, defense mechanisms inventory, identity styles scale, and resiliency scale. Results: The results showed there was no positive and significant relationship between information identity style, confused/avoidant, and normative identity style with resilience. There was a positive and significant relationship between courage and resilience. There was a positive and significant relationship between assertiveness and hardiness with resilience. There was a positive and significant relationship between developed defense mechanisms and resilience. There was no significant relationship between underdeveloped defense mechanisms and resilience. There was a significant and negative relationship between neurotic defense mechanisms and resilience. It was also shown that the mean of information identity style increases in late adolescence, and there was no significant difference between male and female adolescents in terms of the studied variables. Conclusion: According to the results, we can conclude that assertiveness, hardiness, and developed defense mechanisms are the most important predictors of adolescent resilience, respectively.
social Psychology
hanieh ojaghizadeh; Sajjad Basharpoor
Abstract
Aim: he present study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Self and Other Emotional Mentalization Scale (Kasper et al., 2024) among Iranian university students. Emotional mentalization refers to the ability to understand and interpret one's own and others' behaviors ...
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Aim: he present study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Self and Other Emotional Mentalization Scale (Kasper et al., 2024) among Iranian university students. Emotional mentalization refers to the ability to understand and interpret one's own and others' behaviors based on internal mental states such as emotions, thoughts, and beliefs. Accurate assessment of this construct is essential in psychological research. Methods: The statistical population included all students at the University of Mohaghegh Ardabili during the 2023–2024 academic year. A total of 272 students (150 females and 122 males) were selected using a multistage cluster random sampling method. The participants completed the Emotional Mentalization Scale, the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (Garnefski et al., 2006), and the General Health Questionnaire (Goldberg, 1972). Data were analyzed using SPSS27 and AMOS24 software. Results: Exploratory factor analysis identified three core components: Self, Others, and Communication, which together explained 61% of the total variance. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the three-factor model with acceptable fit indices (χ²/df = 2.34, RMSEA = 0.07, CFI = 0.92). Cronbach’s alpha coefficients for the subscales ranged from 0.79 to 0.87, and 0.89 for the total scale, indicating good internal consistency. Significant correlations were also observed between the subscales and the two external measures, supporting convergent validity (p < .05). Conclusion: the findings demonstrate that the Persian version of the Emotional Mentalization Scale is a valid and reliable instrument for use in psychological research among Iranian student populations.
social Psychology
Saede Mokhtari Dozdab; khadije Aerabsheybani
Abstract
The present study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of compassion therapy on identity styles and problem solving styles of high school students. The current research method was quasi-experimental and pre-test-post-test type with a control group. The statistical population of the present ...
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The present study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of compassion therapy on identity styles and problem solving styles of high school students. The current research method was quasi-experimental and pre-test-post-test type with a control group. The statistical population of the present study includes students of the second secondary level of high school of the 4th district of Mashhad, who are studying in Mashhad in the academic year of 1402-1401. According to the statistical population and according to the entry and exit criteria, the number of 30 people was randomly selected by the purposeful sampling method of the available type, 15 people were in the experimental group and 15 people were in the control group, and the effectiveness of compassion therapy on the group The experiment was carried out.tools used; The questionnaire was Berzonsky's identity style questionnaire (1992) and the problem solving style questionnaire by Cassidy and Long (1996). Data analysis was done with multivariate covariance analysis and SPSS-27 software. The results showed that the difference in the adjusted averages of the identity and problem solving styles of the two compassion therapy and control groups in the post-test is statistically significant (P<0.01). The effect size of group membership varied from 0.25 to 0.78. Based on what was mentioned, the hypothesis of the research is confirmed, which means that compassion therapy is effective on identity styles and problem solving styles of high school students.
Soroor Khabbaz sabet; Ali Poladi Rishehri; Moloud Keykhosrovani; Mohammad Reza Bahrani
Abstract
Objective: Today, cosmetic surgery is considered as one of the most common surgeries in the world and various factors are influential in this field. The aim of the present study was to investigate the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation in the relationship between early maladaptive schemas ...
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Objective: Today, cosmetic surgery is considered as one of the most common surgeries in the world and various factors are influential in this field. The aim of the present study was to investigate the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation in the relationship between early maladaptive schemas and tendency to fashion with tendency to cosmetic surgery in women seeking cosmetic surgery. Method: The method of the present study was a correlation model of structural equation model. The statistical population of this study included all women applicants for cosmetic surgery who referred to beauty clinics in Bushehr 2020. The sample size consisted of 400 women who were selected by available sampling method. . Data collection tools were, tendency to cosmetic surgery (Etemadifar & Amani, 2013), Fashion Attitude (Rezaei, 2014), Early maladaptive Schemas (Young, 2005) and cognitive emotion regulation (Garnefski, 2001) questionnaires. Results: The findings showed that the variables of tendency to fashion and early maladaptive schemas, mediated by cognitive emotion regulation, predicted the tendency to cosmetic surgery in women. Also, the findings of the structural equation modeling indicated the significance of the direct path coefficients of the tendency to fashion and the early maladaptive schemas with the cognitive emotion regulation. Conclusion: The results of this study can introduce a protocol for psychotherapists and counselors in providing specialized counseling to women seeking surgery to correct irrational beliefs and cognitions and teach coping styles to reduce the tendency to fashion and early maladaptive schemas and increase cognitive emotion regulation
Bahman Zandi; Fatemeh Yousefi Rad; Seyed Mahmoud Motesharrei
Abstract
Onomastics is a branch of linguistics, or according to Crystal (2008), a branch of semantics; onomastics has been studied from different perspectives. This paper addressed onomastics from the perspective of the social-cognitive (sociocognitive) linguistic approach, which is the corollary of cognitive ...
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Onomastics is a branch of linguistics, or according to Crystal (2008), a branch of semantics; onomastics has been studied from different perspectives. This paper addressed onomastics from the perspective of the social-cognitive (sociocognitive) linguistic approach, which is the corollary of cognitive linguistics and social linguistics. Social-cognitive onomastics, which can be subsumed under social-cognitive linguistics, covers the core concepts of a usage-based understanding of language, intralanguage and inter-language diversities, categorization and prototypes, cultural patterns, social senses, and the counter-effect of language, culture, and ideology. It merits mention that most studies in the area of cognitive linguistics and the newer, less studied social-cognitive linguistics focus on concepts and semantics. Scholars believe it is necessary and inevitable to shift from concepts to (proper) names, i.e. onomastics, in cognitive and social linguistics. The aim of this paper, applying documentary research method, is in line with and a continuation of a research plan launched by Zandi and Ahmadi in 2016; the only difference is that the current paper paid special attention to common nouns that represent a category. This paper also gave another outlook: an emphasis on a usage-based approach in onomastics. Pragmatically speaking, onomastics touches upon actual lexical selections from among expressions and examines the factors affecting the selection of a particular expression. The results showed that numerous factors affect the selection of a proper word for a signified concept, with context having the greatest effect.
habibeh khaton ghobadi; Tayebeh Sharifi; Ahmad Ghazanfari; Maryam Chorami
Abstract
Objective: Low self-efficacy and aggression are found in all cultures and are the most common kind of problems in students, which cause discomfort and distress in others; thus, they disrupt the mental health of the community. This study aims to investigate the comparison of effectiveness of ...
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Objective: Low self-efficacy and aggression are found in all cultures and are the most common kind of problems in students, which cause discomfort and distress in others; thus, they disrupt the mental health of the community. This study aims to investigate the comparison of effectiveness of group training anger management and psycho-social empowerment on aggression and social self-efficacy. Method: This experimental study was conducted with a pretest-posttest design with control group and follow-up two month. The statistical population of this study included all the female students high school Tehran city to 125110 people were in year academic 2020-2021 and 90 female students by convenience sampling were considered as the sample size in two experimental groups and on group control (each group of 30 female students). The experimental groups underwent group training anger management and psycho-social empowerment (12 sessions 90 minutes in each training), but the control group received no training and remained in the waiting list. To collect data aggression questionnaire and adolescents social self-efficacy scale. Data analysis was performed using SPSS-24 software in two sections: descriptive and inferential (analysis of variance with repeated measures and Bonferroni). Results: The results of the study showed that both types of treatment in post-test and follow up had a significant effect on reducing aggression and increasing social self-efficacy of female high school students (P<0.05). In addition, the results showed that group anger management training was more effective than psycho-social empowerment group in reducing aggression and increasing social self-efficacy (P<0.05). Conclusion: It can be concluded that, anger training anger management and psycho-social empowerment can be considered as a supportive and effective tool for reducing aggression and increasing social self-efficacy and used for adolescents in particular.
Mojtaba Aghili; arezou asghari; soghra haghshenas; mitra namazi
Abstract
Aim: The treatment model focused on Yang's schema is an innovative combination of cognitive behavior therapy with Gestalt and thematic relations of psychoanalytical approaches. The present study was conducted to identify the effect of schema-focused cognition group therapy training on the adjustment ...
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Aim: The treatment model focused on Yang's schema is an innovative combination of cognitive behavior therapy with Gestalt and thematic relations of psychoanalytical approaches. The present study was conducted to identify the effect of schema-focused cognition group therapy training on the adjustment of primary maladaptive schemas in adolescent girls in divorced families. Method: The research was carried out in the framework of a semi-experimental pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The statistical population included all adolescent girls from the divorce family in Ghaemshahr welfare in 2018, from whom 40 people were selected through convenience sampling and were randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups. Yang's (1988) early maladaptive schemas questionnaire was used to collect data. the subjects were measured according to the research designs in two stages before and after the group training. The program was performed for eight sessions of 90-minute group training for the experimental group, but the control group did not receive any training. Univariate analysis of variance was used to analyze the data. Results: The findings indicated that the cognitive therapy group focused on the schema that affects rejection/rejection, impaired self-management and performance, impaired limitations, and other orientations in adolescent girls in divorced families in Ghaem city. Conclusion: The result of the study confirms the effectiveness of schema therapy in correcting maladaptive schemas and can help adolescent girls in the divorce family to adjust the schemas and can be used as a helpful model in psychological counseling for girls living on welfare.
social Psychology
Somayeh Ashrafifard; Mohammad Mohammadipour; Mahmoud Jajarmi
Abstract
The present study employs structural equation modeling to assess the fit of a structural model encompassing Phubbing based on Personality Traits with the mediating role of Internet Addiction and Academic Boredom in Generation Z Students. A total of 556 people were surveyed using the cluster sampling ...
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The present study employs structural equation modeling to assess the fit of a structural model encompassing Phubbing based on Personality Traits with the mediating role of Internet Addiction and Academic Boredom in Generation Z Students. A total of 556 people were surveyed using the cluster sampling method from the research's statistical population, including all Generation Z students (born between 1997 and 2012) studying at Islamic Azad University, Tehran branches, during the second semester of the 2023-2024 academic year. The data collection tools included the Chutbitayasonvand and Douglas General Phubbing Scale (2018), Kimberly Young's Internet Addiction Questionnaire (1988), Costa and McCrae's Five-Factor Personality Inventory (1985), and Sharp et al.'s Academic Boredom Questionnaire (2010). The results of the study showed that the direct path coefficient between the factors of conscientiousness (β = -0.236, P = 0.001) and extraversion (β = -0.071, P = 0.015) with negative phubbing and the path coefficient between its neuroticism factor and phubbing (β = 0.138, P = 0.001) was positive and significant. The path coefficient between Internet addiction and phubbing (β=0.363, P=0.001) on the one hand and the path coefficient between academic boredom and phubbing (β=0.205, P=0.001) on the other hand were positive and significant. The results also showed that both mediating variables of Internet addiction and academic boredom positively mediated the relationship between the neuroticism personality factor and phubbing in Generation Z and negatively and significantly mediated the relationship between other personality factors and phubbing. Therefore, the proposed model, based on the effect of personality traits on phubbing, considering the mediating role of variables of Internet addiction and academic boredom, had an acceptable fit with the experimental data.
