Shokoufeh Mousavi; Ali Asghar Kakojouybari
Volume 2, Issue 2 , March 2014, , Pages 25-37
Abstract
The current study aimed to understand the effect of bilingual social context on children's episodic memory. In bilingual group Total 27 children participated at 24, 30 and 36 months of age. In this approach the convenience sampling method adopted, and monolingual group matched with them. The memory skills ...
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The current study aimed to understand the effect of bilingual social context on children's episodic memory. In bilingual group Total 27 children participated at 24, 30 and 36 months of age. In this approach the convenience sampling method adopted, and monolingual group matched with them. The memory skills based upon elicited Imitation with action memory test, assessed in base line, immediate and delayed performance. The data synthesized using by variance analysis and tukey test. The data analysis revealed no significant differences between bilinguals and monolinguals. But in a broader extent the different genders show significant differences (i. e. girls gained higher scores). The base line, immediate and delayed performance resulted to significant difference. The immediate and delayed performance assessed to be better than base line performance. In this study children’s language skills were associated with performance immediately after modeling for both the actions and pairs measures of memory in the elicited imitation task. Accordingly, the current findings suggest that at least by 2 years of age, the language available to children is an important determinant of what gets into memory.
Psychology
Fazlollah hasanvand; kamran sheivandi; fariborz dortaj; delavar delavar; Esmail Sadipor
Abstract
Social relationship is a culture-dependent concept that a precise understanding of its definition and components requires a careful examination of this concept in the cultural context of each society. Therefore, the aim of this this study was redefining the importance of relationship in Iran under the ...
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Social relationship is a culture-dependent concept that a precise understanding of its definition and components requires a careful examination of this concept in the cultural context of each society. Therefore, the aim of this this study was redefining the importance of relationship in Iran under the title of wise social relationship based on Ferdowsi's Shahnameh. This research was basic in terms of purpose, and qualitative research based on the grounded theory method based on the data collection. According to the purpose of the research, verse was considered as the unit of analysis. The statistical population included the complete text of Ferdowsi's Shahnameh, the eight-volume revision of Jalal Khaleghi Motlagh. Statistical analysis based on the process of open coding, axial coding and combined coding was performed in MAXQUDA 2018. In order to validate the designed model, the point of view of experts and researchers was used with the purposeful sampling method. The reliability of the coding of the components was found to be 0.91 based on the Kappa index. The findings showed that wise social relationship in Ferdowsi's Shahnameh consists of 7 components of peaceful coexistence with others, constructive and effective speech in interpersonal relationship, development-center and balanced relationship, understanding the values and status of the family, verbal and practical Helping and help-seeking, courageous and assertiveness in expressing the right opinion and action, concern and social awareness. As a result, due to the wide dimensions and comprehensiveness of the definition of wise social relationship, it is suggested to researchers to focus on the dimensions of the concept of wise social relationship identified in this study in order to construct reliable tools and training packages for wise relationship skills.
Touraj Hashemi; Elnaz Arianpour; Naeemeh Mashinchi Abbasi
Volume 3, Issue 1 , July 2014, , Pages 30-44
Abstract
Introduction: The present study aimed to investigate the role of social orientation on moral behavior, regarding the mediating role of spirituality. Method: Using a random multi-stage cluster method, 407 students were selected from among Tabriz University students. Data were gathered by Lussier Moral ...
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Introduction: The present study aimed to investigate the role of social orientation on moral behavior, regarding the mediating role of spirituality. Method: Using a random multi-stage cluster method, 407 students were selected from among Tabriz University students. Data were gathered by Lussier Moral Behavior Inventory, Harrison social orientation questionnaire, and a researcher-made questionnaire on spirituality, which was based on the Malekian theory of spirituality. Results: The results showed that by increasing the social orientation as well as spirituality, moral behavior is enhanced. On the other hand, as social orientation rises, spirituality is increased. Besides, findings of path analysis revealed that social orientation could have a direct effect on moral behavior or it could indirectly influence it through the mediating role of spirituality. In addition, results obtained by multiple regression method suggested that both spirituality and social orientation could predict part of the changes observed in moral behavior in a compound manner. Conclusion: The results suggest that various factors such as social orientation and spirituality contribute in developing moral behavior. Consequently, morality is developed in social context and individual spiritual experiences through interpersonal interactions result in the manifestation of behavior based on moral features.
mohamad narimani; abbas asghari sharabiani
Abstract
Introduction:Social communication disorder is a neuro-developmental disorder which is located in the vicinity of autistic disorder and causes problems in the context of appropriate social interactions.This study was was done aiming at investigating the effectiveness of teaching the theory of mind on ...
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Introduction:Social communication disorder is a neuro-developmental disorder which is located in the vicinity of autistic disorder and causes problems in the context of appropriate social interactions.This study was was done aiming at investigating the effectiveness of teaching the theory of mind on improving the theory of mind and social skills of students suffering from social communication disorder.Methodology: The present study was a semi experimental typewith pre-test, post-test andcontrol group.The statistical population of this study consisted of all male students infifth and sixth grades (1319) fromschools of Bostanabad city in the academicyear of 2017-18.The purposive sampling was used to select theresearch sample.To fulfill the research goal, the criteria for social communication disorder were explained to the relevant teachers, and suspicious students were introduced by them. For further certainty, a diagnostic interview was carried out on the basis of DSM-5 screening and 26 students were selected and randomly divided into two experimental and control groups.To collect the research data, students’social skills questionnaire of Eliot and Gershamand Qamarani et al’s theory of mind test wereused.The experimental group trained under the theory of mind for eight two-hour sessions during the four weeks. Results : The results of covariance analysis at a significant level of 0.5 showed that the experimental group showedsignificant improvement in the theory of mind and social skills compared to the control group. Conclusion: Improving the theory of mind seems to be promising to improve social skills and reduce inappropriate social outcomes in people suffering this disorder.
Mohammad Hosseinali Zade; Salar Faramarzi; Ahmad Abedi
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to Effectiveness of functional learning Program on Cognitive Performance of Children with Developmental Delay. The research method was a pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design with follow-up and control group. The research population consisted of 4-6 year-old children ...
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The aim of the present study was to Effectiveness of functional learning Program on Cognitive Performance of Children with Developmental Delay. The research method was a pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design with follow-up and control group. The research population consisted of 4-6 year-old children with developmental delay who were under training in kindergartens and preschool centers in Tabriz. The multistage random sampling method was employed in such a way that three regions were selected randomly and from each of them, three kindergartens and pre-school centers were randomly selected. The Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence-3 (WPPSI-III) was administered on children for screening, and the number of 30 students with development cognitive delays and enjoyed inclusion criteria were randomly selected and divided into two experimental and control groups. Afterwards, a 16-session functional learning Program was performed on the experimental group and the control group did not receive any intervention. Data were analyzed by the repeated measures ANOVA using SPSS- 22. The results indicated that there was a significant difference between the subjects in the experimental group and control group in terms of cognitive performance in post-test and follow up stages (P <0.05). As a result, it can be concluded that a functional learning Program has led to an increase in cognitive performance in children with developmental delays.
Clinical Psychology
Elaheh Sadeghi
Abstract
The aim of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness of compassion focused theory (CFT) on emotional awareness and interpersonal difficulties of aggressive women. This research method was semi-experimental with pretest-posttest design. Using Rieffe and etall's emotional awareness, angles and etall's ...
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The aim of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness of compassion focused theory (CFT) on emotional awareness and interpersonal difficulties of aggressive women. This research method was semi-experimental with pretest-posttest design. Using Rieffe and etall's emotional awareness, angles and etall's interpersonal diffialties and Buss-pervy aggression questionnaires, 30 women of aggressive women were purposive selected and were randomly assigned two experimental and control group (each group was 15). The experimental received & sessions of CFT based on Gillbert's instruction package and the control group did not receive any training in this field. After executing the CFT, emotional awareness, interpersonal difficulties and aggression of the members of two groups were measured again. Date were analyzed using multivariate covariance analysis (MANCOVA) and univariate analysis (ANCOVA). Calculated F either in the mancova analysis and either in ancova analysis for variables of emotional awareness, interpersonal difficulties and aggression, showed significant differences in both groups. The results of this study which are in line with other studies that CFT has significant role in increasing emotional awareness and decreasing interpersonal difficulties and aggression with aggressive women,
Ali Asghar Kako Jouybari; Farhad Shaghaghi; Majid Baradaran
Volume 1, Issue 2 , June 2013, , Pages 32-39
Abstract
Aims: Theory of mind is one of the most important topics in social cognition, and since, it is a prerequisite to understand the social environment and involvement in competitive social behavior, in recent decades has gained attention in the field of psychology. Therefore, the main purpose of the present ...
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Aims: Theory of mind is one of the most important topics in social cognition, and since, it is a prerequisite to understand the social environment and involvement in competitive social behavior, in recent decades has gained attention in the field of psychology. Therefore, the main purpose of the present study was the development of social cognition in children based on the theory of mind and comparison of theory of mind in three groups of 3, 5 and 7 years old children. Method: 150 children from Rasht city were selected by multiphase cluster sampling and completed the theory of mind scale (TMS-38). Data were analyzed in α≤0.01 significance level by multivariate analysis of variance and follow-up test. Results: The results showed that there were significant differences in levels of theory of mind between the three groups. In this case, the older subjects compared with younger subjects, obtained higher scores at all levels of theory of mind. Conclusions: According to the findings, children together with increase in age in their evolution, achieve distinct levels of theory of mind.
mahnaz dornajafi shirazi; mahnaz aliakbaridehkordi; Ahmad Alipoor
Volume 3, Issue 2 , January 2015, , Pages 33-43
Abstract
Introduction: One of the most important issues in training children is developing moral intelligence and storytelling is considered as a tool for transferring moral and behavioral messages in different societies. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of storytelling on pre-school ...
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Introduction: One of the most important issues in training children is developing moral intelligence and storytelling is considered as a tool for transferring moral and behavioral messages in different societies. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of storytelling on pre-school female students in Isfahan city. Method: The research method was experimental with pre-test and post-test design which was done on two groups of experiment and control groups. The statistical society of this study included all the female 4-6 years students of Isfahan kindergartens. After random selection of 30 children, they were placed into two groups of experimental and control and the 77questions Questionnaire of Mickele Boreba was completed by their parents. Results: The results of analysis of covariance in α=0.50 showed a significant difference between the two groups in variants like empathy, conscience, respect and patience. Conclusion: Based on the results, the use of storytelling as an indirect and educational method for children in a free and pre-determined manner and with regard to moral instructions is suggested.
zahra eslami chehrazi; maryam Ghorbani; Asghar Aghaei
Volume 2, Issue 1 , August 2014, , Pages 34-43
Abstract
Introduction: The aim of the present study was to determine the relationship between parenting styles with a theory of mind in the students in the fourth and fifth grade. Methods: The research method was descriptive and correlational and statistical population included all fourth and fifth grade students ...
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Introduction: The aim of the present study was to determine the relationship between parenting styles with a theory of mind in the students in the fourth and fifth grade. Methods: The research method was descriptive and correlational and statistical population included all fourth and fifth grade students and their mothers in the academic year in Isfahan in 2011-2012. In the society about 361(177 boys and 184 girls) students and their mothers were selected as the statistical sample using cluster random sampling from the six areas of education among girls and boys. Research tools include Parenting Styles Questionnaire (Baumrind, 1972) and Advanced Theory of Mind Test )Happe, 1994). These data were analyzed by using statistical methods, correlation and regression analysis, and analysis of covariance and t-tests. Finding: The results showed that there is a significantly negative relationship between the authoritarian parenting style and theory of mind. In addition to there is a significant positive correlation between the authoritative parenting style and theory of mind. Finally, authoritative style and authoritarian style can predict the theory of mind in the level (p< 0.01). They didn’t observe the significant communication between parents permissive style and the theory of mind. Conclusions: According to the results of this study it can be said that authoritative parenting practices has a significant role in Cognitive development and socialization of individuals because of the parent’s attention and their appropriate response.
Nader Hajiloo; Farzane Ranjbar Nosahri
Volume 4, Issue 2 , January 2016, , Pages 35-47
Abstract
Introduction: Compassion is an interpersonal construct that has important role in individuals' well-being. The main purpose of this study was to examine the validity and reliability of The Compassion of Others' Lives Scale (COOL scale). Method: To this end, 281 students (170 women and 90 men with an ...
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Introduction: Compassion is an interpersonal construct that has important role in individuals' well-being. The main purpose of this study was to examine the validity and reliability of The Compassion of Others' Lives Scale (COOL scale). Method: To this end, 281 students (170 women and 90 men with an average age of 23.4) from Payame Noor University of Guilan were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling. They answered The Compassion of Others’ Lives Scale (Chang et al., 2014), The Emotional Empathy Scale (Mehrabian and Epstein, 1972) and The Sadistic Personality Subscale of Millon Personality Inventory. Results: The results of exploratory factor analysis showed that two factors, empathy and alleviating suffering, predicted approximately 50 percent of the variance and confirmatory factor analysis indicated that these factors were well fitted to the data (CFI= 0.91, NFI= 0.88, GFI=0.94). The convergent and divergent validity of the scale were examined by correlating with Emotional Empathy Scale and Sadistic Personality Subscale and the results showed significant correlation (P< 0.01). The internal consistency of the scale was calculated by Cronbach's alpha (0.87), and the correlation of items with the total score was obtained in the range of 0.41 to 0.60. Conclusion: According to the results, it can be concluded that the Compassion of Others' lives Scale has a good validity and reliability for Iranian samples and can be used in future studies.
Fahimeh Ghaedi; Elham Shabankareh; Majid Moghadam Barzegar
Volume 5, Issue 1 , August 2016, , Pages 35-51
Abstract
Introduction: The present study aimed to predict the mediating role of learned helplessness in the relationship between Differentiation of Self and Repetitive Negative Thinking. Method: To do this, 335 (164 males, 176 females) students were selected from Azad University of Lar using multistage cluster ...
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Introduction: The present study aimed to predict the mediating role of learned helplessness in the relationship between Differentiation of Self and Repetitive Negative Thinking. Method: To do this, 335 (164 males, 176 females) students were selected from Azad University of Lar using multistage cluster sampling method. The participants completed the Differentiation of Self Questionnaire (Drake, 2011), the Learned Helplessness Questionnaire (Quinless & Nelson, 1988), and the Repetitive Negative Thinking Questionnaire (Ehring, 2010). Results: The results of simultaneous multiple regression analysis based on Baron and Kenny (1989) steps indicated that Emotional Reactivity, Fusion with others, and Emotional Cut Off positively predicted Repetitive Negative Thinking and I-Position negatively predicted Repetitive Negative Thinking. In addition, Fusion with others and Emotional Cut Off predicted Learned Helplessness positively and I -Position predicted Learned Helplessness negatively. The Learned Helplessness mediated the relations between the Differentiation of Self and Repetitive Negative Thinking. Conclusion: In conclusion, Emotional Reactivity predicted Repetitive Negative Thinking positively and I-Position by mediating Learned Helplessness predicted it negatively.
hamed khashanaki; Nima Ghorbani; Javad Hatami
Volume 6, Issue 2 , February 2018, , Pages 39-57
Abstract
Introduction: Research shows a controversy concerning the relationship between social desirability and physical and mental health. The aim of the present study was to examine how social desirability as a personality trait is associated with physical and mental health and how it has been misused. ...
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Introduction: Research shows a controversy concerning the relationship between social desirability and physical and mental health. The aim of the present study was to examine how social desirability as a personality trait is associated with physical and mental health and how it has been misused. Method: The research design included two studies. In the first study, a sample of 220 students (95 males and 125 female) from the University of Tehran completed the Social Desirability (Balard, 1992), Self-Compassion (Raes et al, 2011), Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (Brown & Ryan, 2003), Subjective Vitality (Ryan & frederick, 1997), General Health Questionnaire (Goldberg et al, 1997), and Symptom Checklist (Bartone, 1995). In the second study, the persons with high and low self-compassion were exposed to socially desirable and common situation, then their physical symptoms were evaluated. Results: The correlation and regression analysis showed that social desirability had a positive relationship with self-compassion and mindfulness, but if it not associate with self-compassion and mindfulness, it might not predict physical and mental health. The comparison of groups also showed that high self-compassionate persons compared to low self-compassionate persons had some less negative symptoms during experience of socially desirable behaviour.Conclusion: A socially desirable behaviour might be compatible when it has been associated with self-regulation processes including mindfulness and self-compassion.
ahmad alipor; fereshte hassani; reza dosti
Abstract
Introduction: Examining the cognitive weaknesses of women receiving botulinum (Botox) as well as how to recognize different facial emotions with the premiere hand control by them can be an effective way to treat and improve their emotional recognition. The purpose of this study was to compare the ability ...
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Introduction: Examining the cognitive weaknesses of women receiving botulinum (Botox) as well as how to recognize different facial emotions with the premiere hand control by them can be an effective way to treat and improve their emotional recognition. The purpose of this study was to compare the ability to recognize facial emotional states with the premiere hand control in women receiving treatment of botulinum (Botox) and normal women. Method: This is a causal-comparative study. The research population was all women receiving botulinum (Botox) who referred to beauty centers of Rasht in spring of 1397. Using available sampling method, two groups of 46 women who received Botox treatment and normal subjects participated in the study as samples. Ekman and Fraction's facial emotion recognition test and Chapman's Handedness Inventory were used as measurement instruments to determine the recognition of emotions (happiness, sadness, anger) of participants. The results were analyzed throgh SPSS-23 and descriptive statistics and covariance test. Results: The results showed that the ability of the two groups to recognize the emotional states (happiness, sadness and anger) with the premiere hand control is not the same, and there is a significant difference between the two groups. Conclusion: The ability of women receiving botulin (Botox) to diagnose emotions (happiness, sadness and anger) is weaker than normal people.
samaneh soltanabadi; maryam adibi; zeynab khaki; sajad hazrati; mansoor alimehdi
Abstract
Introduction: Resistance to current hard conditions (coronavirus) is important and enduring emotional distress and using different emotion regulation strategies have an important impact on how people cope with stressful situations. The present study was conducted to predict the resilience of individuals ...
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Introduction: Resistance to current hard conditions (coronavirus) is important and enduring emotional distress and using different emotion regulation strategies have an important impact on how people cope with stressful situations. The present study was conducted to predict the resilience of individuals based on emotional distress tolerance and cognitive emotion regulation. Method: This study was a descriptive-correlational study. The study sample consisted of 397 participants who joined online sessions. Conner-Davidson Resilience Scale (2003), Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (2001), and distress Tolerance Scale (2005) were used to collect data. Pearson correlation coefficient and regression analysis were used to analyze the data. Results: The results of regression analysis showed that five variables (positive refocusing, rumination, refocusing on planning, commenting, and blaming) together could predict 0.449% of the variance of resilience (R2 = 0.449). Also, from the 4 sub-components of the distress Tolerance Scale, three components of mental distress estimation, adjusting efforts to relieve anxiety, and being absorbed by negative emotions together were able to predict 0.531% of the resilience variable. Conclusion: Adopting adaptive strategies for emotion regulation and coping skills of emotional distress and reducing maladaptive strategies for emotion regulation is a very important factor in establishing educational programs and psychological interventions. Therefore, the implementation of electronic and virtual workshops is useful.
Mansor Bayrami; Yazdan Movahedi; Jaber Alizadeh Goradel
Volume 4, Issue 1 , September 2015, , Pages 41-52
Abstract
Aims: In psychotherapy research, mindfulness has been conceptualized as an enhanced state of self-awareness thought to promote well-being. This research studied the efficacy of Mindfulness Cognitive Therapy on Social Anxiety and Dysfunctional attitude in Adolescent’s. Method: The research ...
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Aims: In psychotherapy research, mindfulness has been conceptualized as an enhanced state of self-awareness thought to promote well-being. This research studied the efficacy of Mindfulness Cognitive Therapy on Social Anxiety and Dysfunctional attitude in Adolescent’s. Method: The research method was experimental with control group. The samples included 30 students in khoramabad city and the sampling method was head counting. At first, 357 participants passed the Social Anxiety and Dysfunctional Attitude tests. Then, 30 students with the highest scores were selected as sample group and were divided randomly to two experimental and control groups each with 15 members. The experimental group received group mindfulness training for 8 sessions (one 90 minutes session each week). At the end, the questionnaire was administrated again as the post-test. Results: Based on the results of co-variance analysis, there was significant differences between the experimental and control groups' marks (p
davood manavipour; mostafa darabi
Volume 7, Issue 1 , August 2018, , Pages 41-53
Abstract
Introduction: Background and objectives: due to the high prevalence of test anxiety and its negative effect on the performance of the students so far different methods of psychological interventions have been evaluated. This research aims to influence the mind of consciousness-based education and the ...
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Introduction: Background and objectives: due to the high prevalence of test anxiety and its negative effect on the performance of the students so far different methods of psychological interventions have been evaluated. This research aims to influence the mind of consciousness-based education and the issue of standing was done students test anxiety. Method: the method used and the field test – half of test anxiety inventory used spiritual tools and problem-solving style questionnaire long and Cassidy a Godly consciousness and mind questionnaire based on training the mind was aware of Protocol. The statistical population consists of students who in the year 93 to the clinic of Dr. Davood manavipour in order to visit the internship courses was that the number of 24 people (12 people in the experimental group and the control group 12) which of these 3 boys and 9 girls in each group were selected by daotabaneh sampling method. For the research hypothesis and results analysis, Covariance analysis of test data (ancova) were. Results & Conclusion: the findings indicated that training on the awareness of mind-based reduction of test anxiety, but the impact is on problem-solving styles is useless.
susan alizadeh fard
Abstract
Objective: The coronavirus epidemic have had different effects on psychological aspects of individuals, especially on patients with corona disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between intolerance of uncertainty and health anxiety with cognitive emotion regulation strategies ...
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Objective: The coronavirus epidemic have had different effects on psychological aspects of individuals, especially on patients with corona disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between intolerance of uncertainty and health anxiety with cognitive emotion regulation strategies in outpatient with Corona disease. Method: For this purpose, a sample of 400 adult men and women outpatients over than 20 years old evaluated by health anxiety questionnaire (Salkovskis, 2002), intolerance of uncertainty (Freeston, 1994), and The Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (Garnefski & Kraaij, 2001) via social network. To analyze the data, Pearson correlation and path analysis were used. Results: The results showed health anxiety and intolerance of uncertainty were negatively correlated with adaptive, and positively with non-adaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies. Also, intolerance to uncertainty was indirectly correlated with non-adaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies through mediating of health anxiety. Conclusion: These results will have practical implications to design psychological interventions to maintain and promote the mental health of the patients with corona disease.
Mansor Bayrami; touraj hashemi; Hamid Poursharifi; Morteza Andalib
Volume 6, Issue 1 , August 2017, , Pages 43-66
Abstract
Introduction: The aim of this study was investigating the fitness of causal-structural relationship of parental coercion and blame attributions with delinquency by mediating of self-control and cognitive and affective empathy in clients of correction centers. Method: using a retrospective descriptive-correlational ...
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Introduction: The aim of this study was investigating the fitness of causal-structural relationship of parental coercion and blame attributions with delinquency by mediating of self-control and cognitive and affective empathy in clients of correction centers. Method: using a retrospective descriptive-correlational design, 258 clients chosen by convenience sampling method took part in the study. They completed Alabama Parenting Questionnaire-child form (APQ), Baron-Cohen empathy quotient scale (EQ), Gudjonsson blame attribution inventory (GBAI) and crime violence inventory (CVS). The gathered data was analyzed by Structural Equation Modeling with AMOS-Graphic software. Findings: The results confirmed the fitness of proposed model after reforming. Investigation of direct paths showed that the direct path of parental coercion positively; and blame attribution and affective empathy negatively associated with delinquency. However, the path between cognitive empathy and delinquency was not significant. For investigation of indirect effects, bootstrapping method was used and results showed that affective empathy has partial mediating role between parental coercion and delinquency. Nevertheless, it does not have mediating role between blame attribution and delinquency. Finally, cognitive empathy had mediating role between parental coercion and delinquency, but it did not have mediating role between blame attribution and delinquency. Conclusion: The results of the current study can be used by criminal psychologists, criminologists and other relevant specialists, and they can play a role in crime prevention.
Parisa Aghagedi; Ahmad Etemadi
Volume 3, special , March 2015, , Pages 44-58
Abstract
Aim: This study was conducted to examine the efficacy of instructing cognitive-behavioral stress management on attitude changes towards sub-scales of eating disorders among female students. Methodology: The research method was semi-experimental, with the control and experimental group as well as implementation ...
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Aim: This study was conducted to examine the efficacy of instructing cognitive-behavioral stress management on attitude changes towards sub-scales of eating disorders among female students. Methodology: The research method was semi-experimental, with the control and experimental group as well as implementation of pre-test and post-test phases. The sample included 20 students (10 students in experiment group and 10 in control group) who were selected from district 5 in Isfahan using Cluster random sampling method. The research measurement tool adopted was The Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26). Data obtained were analyzed utilizing SPSS18 software and Covariance Analysis Test. Results: Having implemented the intervention phase, the mean score of attitudes decreased from 22.80 before instruction to 14 after instruction for Anorexia Nervosa and from 16 to 9.60 for Bulimia Nervosa and from 15.10 to 9.70 for Mouth Control. Moreover, results of Covariance Analysis revealed effect amounts of 0.88, 0.89 and 0.82 for sub-scales of Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa, and Mouth Control respectively (P
Pourandokht Niroumand; Mahnaz Ali Akbari Dehkordi; Mohammad Oraki
Abstract
Objective: The aim of study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of WED impulsivity and aggression in adolescents with ODD. Method: Current study was conducted using a single subject experimental design. Diagnosis of ODD according to the SNAP-IV, Scale DSM5, Eisenbach. In order to assess aggression ...
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Objective: The aim of study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of WED impulsivity and aggression in adolescents with ODD. Method: Current study was conducted using a single subject experimental design. Diagnosis of ODD according to the SNAP-IV, Scale DSM5, Eisenbach. In order to assess aggression and impulsivity and difficulty in emotion regulation, Bass & Perry Aggression (1992) and Five Factors of impulsivity by Linham et al (2001) and Roemer and Graz (2004) ER were completed by participants at the beginning and during intervention sessions. Results: The magnitude of the effect of aggression on the Bass and Perry scale according to the Cohen index for the first to third participants was 0.56 0.41 and 0.47 respectively. The rate of recovery after the intervention was 45, 35 and 49% and the follow-up stage was 47,41and 50%. The magnitude of the effect of the five-factor scale, according to the Cohen index for three participants is equal to0,40, 0,53 and 0,52 respectively, and the rate of recovery after the intervention was 47, 52 and 47% .the follow-up stage was 47,51 and 50%.The magnitude of the effect of difficulty in regulating emotion, according to the Cohen index for three subjects is equal to 0,41, 0,38 and 0,37, respectively.The rate of recovery after the intervention was 35,44 and 37% and the follow-up stage was 37, 41 and 35%. Conclusion: Reduction in aggression and impulsivity dimensions. The results showed that WED of emotion can be useful in psychological interventions based on reducing aggression, impulsivity and difficulty in emotional regulation of adolescents with ODD..
Farzaneh Mikaeeli; roghayeh golizadeh; helda ghorbani
Abstract
Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between belief in a just world, spiritual well-being, and forgiveness and social well-being with the intermediate role of gender. Method: This research was applied in terms of purpose, and was descriptive-correlation in terms ...
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Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between belief in a just world, spiritual well-being, and forgiveness and social well-being with the intermediate role of gender. Method: This research was applied in terms of purpose, and was descriptive-correlation in terms of method type. A sample of 419 students of Urumia University (213 female and 206 male students) were selected through multi-stage cluster sampling from the whole population of the study. To collect data, the questionnaires of Believing in the Just World (BJW) (Sutton & Douglas (2005), Dulbert (1999), and Deltbert et al., (2001)), Spiritual Well-Being (SWB) (Polutzin & Ellison, 1982), forgiveness (GF) (Walker & Garrosh, 2002), and Social Well-being (SW) (Keyez, 1998) were used. The data were analyzed using SPSS software based on descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (correlation coefficient and hierarchical regression). Results: The results of this study showed that there is a significant relationship between the belief in a just world and social well-being in the students, and there is no meaningful relationship between forgiveness and spiritual well-being and social well-being, and none of the gender variables has any meaningful relationship. Therefore, by strengthening the belief in a just world in students, social well-being can be strengthened in them. Conclusion: The results of this research can be applied to counseling centers of universities as well as lesson planners in order to develop programs to strengthen the spirituality and believe in a just world of students to improve their social well-being.
mahta eskandarnejad
Abstract
Introduction: Attentional biases are thought to contribute to body image dissatisfaction and due to the role of sports facilitation on health, the aim of this research was to study the role of physical activity in attentional bias to body pictures and body image dissatisfaction in women. Method: The ...
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Introduction: Attentional biases are thought to contribute to body image dissatisfaction and due to the role of sports facilitation on health, the aim of this research was to study the role of physical activity in attentional bias to body pictures and body image dissatisfaction in women. Method: The research was causal-comparative and correlational. In 130 participants who had participated in sports (n=65) and no participated in sport (n=65) that were homogenized with active group, attentional bias and body image dissatisfaction were investigated. Dot-probe task was used for attentional bias and multidimensional body-self relations questionnaire was used for body image dissatisfaction. Pearson test was used to examine the correlation between attentional bias and body image dissatisfaction. To evaluate the role of physical activity and compare these variables in two groups, independent t-test was used. Results: The results showed a significant relationship between attentional bias and body image dissatisfaction and there was a significant difference between the two groups in these variables that non-active group showed significant high body image dissatisfaction. There was better assessment of body and more positive image of the body limbs in the active group. Conclusion: It seems that unrealistic measurement of beauty and fitness and the expectations of individuals' body itself and others might be changed with appropriate sports and physical activity.
said mousa golestaneh; Seyed Ali Afshin; Yusef Dehghani
Volume 5, Issue 2 , November 2016, , Pages 52-71
Abstract
Aim: Time perspective identifies a person's perception or assessing of past, present, and future. Time perspective, has an unconscious cognitive structure that a person uses in decision-making on short-term or long-term goals and actions. The aim of this study was to examine the mediating role of achievement ...
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Aim: Time perspective identifies a person's perception or assessing of past, present, and future. Time perspective, has an unconscious cognitive structure that a person uses in decision-making on short-term or long-term goals and actions. The aim of this study was to examine the mediating role of achievement goal in the relationship between time perspective, academic achievemen, and students' academic procrastination. Method: For this purpose, 424 (223 female, 201 male) students from different faculties (Literature, Engineering, Science) of the Persian Gulf University of Bushehr were selected by cluster sampling method and responded to the Zimbardo Time Perspective Scale (ZTPI, the form of 56 questions), Transcendental Future Time Perspective Scale (TFTPS), Measuring Target Scale 3×2 (3×2 AGQ-S), and the Academic Procrastination Scale (TPS). Structural Equation Modeling was used to analyze the data. Results: The results showed a direct significant relationship between the time perspective and achievement goal. Besides, there was a significant relationship between time perspective and academic procrastination and a significant indirect relationship between achievement goal and academic procrastination. Also, the indirect relationship between time perspective through achievement goal with academic achievement was significant. In addition, the indirect relationship between time perspective through academic procrastination and academic achievement was significant. Results of Structural Equation Modeling indicated the fitness of the supposed model in the study. Conclusion: According to the findings, it can be said that time perspective has an important mediating role in achievement goal in the relationship between academic achievement and academic procrastination. Accordingly, taking into account the time perspective role and raising awareness of achievement goal and academic procrastination can improve students' academic achievement.
Cognitive psycholog
hosein zare; shabnam biglari; susan alizadeh fard; karim savari
Abstract
The present study employs structural equation modeling to assess the fit of a structural model encompassing obsessive beliefs grounded in executive functions, with emotion regulation as a mediating factor within a non-clinical population. The sample comprises 400 adults aged 20 to 50 in Tehran, selected ...
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The present study employs structural equation modeling to assess the fit of a structural model encompassing obsessive beliefs grounded in executive functions, with emotion regulation as a mediating factor within a non-clinical population. The sample comprises 400 adults aged 20 to 50 in Tehran, selected from the general population via the available sampling method. The data collection instruments encompassed the Obsessive Beliefs Questionnaire (OBQ), the Executive Functioning Questionnaire -Adult Version (BRIEF-A), the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ), and the Behavioral Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (BERQ). The analysis of structural model fit indices revealed that they all fell within an acceptable range, thus affirming the suitability of the research's structural model. According to this model, executive functions exhibited significant effects on adaptive emotion regulation and maladaptive emotion regulation with standard coefficients of -0.45 and 0.76, respectively. Furthermore, adaptive emotion regulation with a standard coefficient of -0.10 and maladaptive emotion regulation with a standard coefficient of 0.63 were significantly impacted obsessive beliefs. To evaluate mediating relationships, the bootstrap test results were examined. It was found that the effect of executive functions on obsessive beliefs, mediated by maladaptive emotion regulation, was significant with standard coefficient of 0.478 at the p < 0.01 level. However, the effect of executive functions on obsessive beliefs, mediated by adaptive emotion regulation, was not significant with a standard coefficient of 0.045 at the p < 0.05 level. The findings of the study hold practical implications for the prevention of obsessive belief development and the alleviation of obsession-related suffering.
Cognitive neuroscience
Hasan Sabouri Moghaddam; Mohammad Ali Nazari; Mohammad-Reza Abolghasemi Dehaghani; Akbar Zahedi
Abstract
Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of temperamental differences in people's perceptual bias in the two dimensions of animacy (alive/non-alive) and expression of facial emotion (happy/disgust) in morphed images under ambiguous conditions. Method: Four groups, each group ...
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Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of temperamental differences in people's perceptual bias in the two dimensions of animacy (alive/non-alive) and expression of facial emotion (happy/disgust) in morphed images under ambiguous conditions. Method: Four groups, each group consisting of 20 people aged 22-35, with emotional temperament of high and low activation and high and low inhibition, were selected based on Affective and Emotional Composite Temperament (AFECT) scale. Under the same conditions, they performed the task of morphed images in two dimensions of emotion and animacy. The findings were analyzed by t-test and Kruskal-Wallis in SPSS software version 26. Findings: High vs. low activation and high vs. low inhibition temperamental groups are biased in the perception of morphed images with emotional expressions of disgust/happiness but not in animacy. Conclusion: Temperament plays a role in perception of the morphed images with emotional expression of happiness/disgust, but it does not in the animacy dimension.
