Educational Psychology
Mahdi Dasta; omid shokri; shahla pakdaman; jalil fathabadi
Abstract
This study intended to construct and validate a wisdom questionnaire in Iran with regard to its dimensions, categories and components in the context. All above-20 Iranians comprised the population. Using random cluster sampling, 985 Iranians with different ethnic, gender, age and academic backgrounds ...
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This study intended to construct and validate a wisdom questionnaire in Iran with regard to its dimensions, categories and components in the context. All above-20 Iranians comprised the population. Using random cluster sampling, 985 Iranians with different ethnic, gender, age and academic backgrounds were selected. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed that a 6 dimensional structure of wisdom fits the data. The dimensions were Causal Factors (cognitive skills and abilities, emotional intelligence, and personality characteristics), Core Category (existential integrity, harmony and equilibrium), Context Conditions (religiousness, spirituality, self-excellence, ethics, reflection, and challenging experiences), Intervening Conditions (environmental factors, official and unofficial education system, and family), Strategies (wise reasoning, prosocial attitude and behaviors, wellbeing, consulting, guiding and leading others), and Consequences (human perfection and flourishing, common good and a more just world). Overall, wisdom can be defined as a unique, complex, and multifaceted feature encompassing dynamic integrity and balanced account of different components. To describe wisdom as being the best in all its dimensions makes it an unachievable-for-many ideal but if viewed as a continuum, then individuals’ wisdom can be seen as ranging from much/many to less/few of its dimensions. In fact, wisdom dimensions work in a synergic manner to promote it and its sum is greater than its parts.
Mojgan Sepah Mansour; Elmira Memar; Masoumeh Azmoudeh
Volume 1, Issue 2 , June 2013, , Pages 92-100
Abstract
Aims: This study investigated the relationship between self-esteem and self-efficacy with persuasion in educational managers. Method: The Population of this study consisted of all educational managers of Islamic Azad University in Tehran. 120 people (76 women and 44 men) were selected by multistage ...
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Aims: This study investigated the relationship between self-esteem and self-efficacy with persuasion in educational managers. Method: The Population of this study consisted of all educational managers of Islamic Azad University in Tehran. 120 people (76 women and 44 men) were selected by multistage cluster sampling. In order to measure their self-esteem, Koper Smith test (1967) was used and to measure self-efficacy, general self-efficacy beliefs test (Scherer et al, 1982) was used. The Persuasion was measured by applied intelligence Persuasion test (Sepah Mansour and Hooman, 1389). For data analysis, the Pearson correlation and Regression analysis were used. Results and conclusion: The results showed a significant positive correlation between persuasion with self-esteem and persuasion with self- efficacy. (r=0/771,r=0/494). Also the results showed that 59% of the variance associated with the persuasion can be explained with self-esteem (R2 = 0.594) and 24% of the variance in self- efficacy can be explained whit persuasion (R2 = 0.244). The results of the slope coefficients indicated that, in predicting persuasion, the share of self-esteem was more than self- efficacy . (β= 0.70).
Sayed Ali Akbar Ahmadi; Hosein Safarzadeh; Mohammad Javad Hozoori; fariba dehnavi
Volume 2, Issue 1 , August 2014, , Pages 101-116
Abstract
Introduction: Cultural Intelligence and conflict resolution ability are essential for 21st-century’s leaders when considering the increased interaction with individuals from different cultural backgrounds. The main objective of this study was to investigate the effect of cultural intelligence of ...
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Introduction: Cultural Intelligence and conflict resolution ability are essential for 21st-century’s leaders when considering the increased interaction with individuals from different cultural backgrounds. The main objective of this study was to investigate the effect of cultural intelligence of Managers on their employees’ ability to solve conflicts in the Social Security Organization. Method: This research is a descriptive- correlation Study that 119 managers and 175 employees of Social Security Organization participated in (2012). To measure Cultural Intelligence, the Iranian version of the Cultural Intelligence Questionnaire)2011( was used and Employees conflict resolution was measured using a Conflict Resolution Questionnaire. Findings: The results showed that Cultural Intelligence of managers (and its three dimensions) had a statistically significant and positive impact on employees’ conflict resolution ability. Additionally, employees’ conflict resolution ability was estimated above average. Also results showed that Based on demographic factors such as gender, culture and education cannot comment on the Cultural Intelligence of managers and conflict resolution ability’s employees. Conclusion: Based on the findings we can say that Cultural Intelligence is a key factor, influencing and determining for conflict resolution ability.
fatemeh sadat sepidehdam; hosein zare; Samane Haddadi
Abstract
This study examined the mediating effect of self-balance on the structural relationship between cognitive ability and social problem solving with attention. Method: Research method was descriptive and correlational. Subjects were 308 participants (188 female and 114 male) selected by available sampling ...
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This study examined the mediating effect of self-balance on the structural relationship between cognitive ability and social problem solving with attention. Method: Research method was descriptive and correlational. Subjects were 308 participants (188 female and 114 male) selected by available sampling among aircrew of Iran Air company. To collect data, the following questionnaires were used:Nejati’s Cognitive Abilities Questionnaire, Hardin’s Integrated Self-Discrepancy Index (ISDI) and Social Problem Solving Inventory-revised short-form by D’Zurilla, and Nezu. Results: The results revealed that all the subscales of cognitive ability are correlated negatively with the components of adaptive problem solving and are positively related with the non-adaptive problem solving, with the significant level of 0.01. Also the four sub scales of Self-Discrepancy were related positively with adaptive problem solving and negatively with the non-adaptive problem solving and are correlated significantly on the level of 0.01. Conclusion: Due to the increasing evolution and complexity of the cognitive processes of the human brain, further studies are needed to enhance the relationships among personality, problem solving and cognitive abilities. Therefore effective programs are suggested for cognitive enhancement of employees in critical jobs like aircrew. Keywords: cognitive ability, social problem-solving, Self-Discrepancy, Structural Equation Modeling, social cognition.
Cognitive psycholog
Nadia Khoshkhooy; Moslem kord; Majid Saffarinia; Anahita Veisi; Zahra Nikmanesh
Abstract
Introduction: The purpose of this research was a comparison of emotional working memory capacity in monolingual (Persian) and bilingual (Armenian-Persian) girls aged 7 to 9 years and 11 months and 29 days. Method: The statistical population of the current study included elementary school girls aged 7 ...
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Introduction: The purpose of this research was a comparison of emotional working memory capacity in monolingual (Persian) and bilingual (Armenian-Persian) girls aged 7 to 9 years and 11 months and 29 days. Method: The statistical population of the current study included elementary school girls aged 7 to 9 years and 11 months and 29 days in the second semester of the 1401-1402 school in Tehran. The statistical sample included 30 monolingual students (Persian) and 30 bilingual students (Armenian-Persian) who were selected among the first to third- grade students of public schools and the available sampling method. In this research, the information was processed by children's emotional working memory capacity test and number capacity test (reading forward and reverse digits). The data were analyzed by the Kolmogorov Smirnov, the Independent Samples test to compare two groups and logistic regression in IBM SPSS STATISTICS21 software. Findings: The results showed that there is a significant difference between monolingual and bilingual children in the age groups between 7 years and 6 months and 8 years and 11 months and 29 days (p<0.05), but no significant difference was observed in the other age groups (p>0.05). Also, the aging (by one unit) reduces by about 80.5% in the difference between the scores of monolingual and bilingual people (p>0.01). Conclusion: According to the obtained results, it can be concluded that bilingualism is more effective than monolingualism in the capacity of emotional working memory and cognitive-emotional functions of children, and it should be taken into account in educational and business planning.
Mansour Beyrami; yazdan movahedi; Masoumeh Movahedi
Volume 3, Issue 2 , January 2015, , Pages 109-122
Abstract
Introduction: Nowadays a large population of the world uses the Internet. Despite the numerous advantages of this technology leading to positive changes in communication, unfortunately some studies, have attributed dangerous complications to the Internet, the most destructive one being Internet addiction. ...
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Introduction: Nowadays a large population of the world uses the Internet. Despite the numerous advantages of this technology leading to positive changes in communication, unfortunately some studies, have attributed dangerous complications to the Internet, the most destructive one being Internet addiction. The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the relationship among components of Perceived Social Support and the Feeling of social- Emotional loneliness with Internet addiction in students. Method: To do this, 173 students from Tabriz University (78 males and 95 females) were selected by multiphase cluster-random sampling and in addition to demographic information, they completed the Perceived Social Support, Feeling of social- Emotional loneliness, and Internet addiction questionnaires. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistical methods, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and multivariate regression. Results: Based on the results, there were significant relationships among Perceived Social Support and the Feeling of Social- Emotional Loneliness with Internet addiction (P
Seyed Mohammad Shobeiri; Hossein Meiboudi; Ahmad Maleki pour; Adeleh Saradipour
Volume 3, Issue 1 , July 2014, , Pages 114-124
Abstract
Introduction: Shaping attitudes, values, commitment, and skills needed to maintain and support the environment starts from early ages. This study aimed at assessing and preparing nursery coaches for environmental education to children. Method: The method was descriptive and the population for the study ...
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Introduction: Shaping attitudes, values, commitment, and skills needed to maintain and support the environment starts from early ages. This study aimed at assessing and preparing nursery coaches for environmental education to children. Method: The method was descriptive and the population for the study consisted of the kindergarten coaches in Tehran. The findings related to environmental literacy rate was obtained by standard questionnaires. Results: The results showed that, in terms of environmental education, 79% of the study sample is lower than average. The level of education and work experience did not show a significant relationship with the level of environmental literacy. Furthermore, nursery coaches had good information about environmental issues but possessed little knowledge of the world's environmental problems. Conclusion: The study indicated that providing environmental educational programs for nursery coaches is necessary and also the need for related in-service programs for teachers is vital.
Taher Mahbobi; Hossin salimi; seyed Adnan Hossini
Volume 4, Issue 2 , January 2016, , Pages 124-136
Abstract
Introduction: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Emotional self-control training on the reduction of verbal aggression of Boukan Payame Noor university male Students. Method: For this purpose, 40 students who had referred to the advisory center of the university were randomly selected ...
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Introduction: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Emotional self-control training on the reduction of verbal aggression of Boukan Payame Noor university male Students. Method: For this purpose, 40 students who had referred to the advisory center of the university were randomly selected as the sample group. The sample group was randomly divided into two groups of experimental and control. The study was a quasi experimental research with a control group as well as pre-test and post-tests. The training was administered to the experimental group for 10 sessions of 60 minutes for two weeks (5 sessions per week); however, the control group did not receive any training. Using SPSS software, the data were analyzed with Covariance Analysis to determinate the effect of Emotional self-control training. Results: The results of Analysis of Covariance (p
ziba barghi irani; ahmad alipoor
Volume 3, special , March 2015, , Pages 126-140
Abstract
Introduction: Today, to study the personal differences of individuals, much more attention is paid to their cognitive styles. Cognitive styles are the individual methods of learner that are being considered for data processing at the time of learning new concepts. The aim of this research is to study ...
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Introduction: Today, to study the personal differences of individuals, much more attention is paid to their cognitive styles. Cognitive styles are the individual methods of learner that are being considered for data processing at the time of learning new concepts. The aim of this research is to study the relationship between Gregoric cognitive styles and handedness of undergraduate students in Payame Noor University and to suggest applicable strategies for improving distant education system. Method: This research is descriptive and correlation one and the librarian and field methods (Gregoric cognitive styles questionnaires and Edinburgh handedness questionnaire) have been used for collecting data; Statistical society of the research was undergraduate students of Payame Noor University-Tehran Branch, with 17803 individuals and sample was considered 200 individuals by random classification sampling method. To analyze the obtained data, in addition to descriptive methods of variables Mean (average) and standard deviation also drawing the necessary diagrams for multivariate variance analysis test, the one-way variance analysis and Significance tests of multivariate models of Wilkes, Pilates, Hutling and Roise have been used for testing the hypothesis. Results: According to the obtained results, the significanot relationship between handedness and concrete-sequential, abstract-sequential and abstract-random cognitive styles has been observed. In this way that in concrete-sequential cognitive style, right-handed women obtained more scores significantly, in abstract-sequential style right-handed men and women were significantly higher than left-handed ones, and in abstract-random style, left –handed men obtained higher scores significantly, which is in line with previous researches. Conclusion: According to the obtained results, it can be told that interaction of cognitive styles with handedness can have pursuit new implications for design of teaching method in distance education system.
Gholam Hossein Javanmard; Rogayeh Mohammadi Garegozlo
Volume 4, Issue 1 , September 2015, , Pages 127-145
Abstract
Aims: Theory of mind as a social cognitive ability and alexithymia as an inability to identify emotions of self and others are important components of social cognition that seem to be related to each other because of their common neural correlations and functional overlaps. The current study was a descriptive- ...
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Aims: Theory of mind as a social cognitive ability and alexithymia as an inability to identify emotions of self and others are important components of social cognition that seem to be related to each other because of their common neural correlations and functional overlaps. The current study was a descriptive- correlational research whic aimed to investigate the relationship between alexithymia and theory of mind in a nonclinical group. Method: The sample consisted of 233 students from Bonab universities selected by multistage-cluster sampling. They responded to tests of Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET), and Alexithymia Questionnaire TAS-20. The data were analyzed by Pierson correlation, linear regression analysis, and simultaneous multiple regression analysis methods. Results: The findings confirmed the predictive role of alexithymia in connection with the theory of mind abilities. Among the components of alexithymia, objective thinking had a high predictive contribution to the theory of mind (P
Mahdieh Rahmaniyan
Volume 5, Issue 1 , August 2016, , Pages 130-147
Abstract
Introduction: According to recent researches, biases in information processing and its relation with other factors such as craving and personality traits play a vital role in the etiology and maintenance of drug dependence disorders. The aim of the present study was to investigate the moderator role ...
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Introduction: According to recent researches, biases in information processing and its relation with other factors such as craving and personality traits play a vital role in the etiology and maintenance of drug dependence disorders. The aim of the present study was to investigate the moderator role of personality characteristics on relationship between cognitive biases and craving in opium dependent individuals. Method: To do so, 100 male opiate dependent individuals were selected by convenience sampling. The primary data collection was conducted using Prob Dot task, Memory Recognition task, Word-stem Completion test, Craving Beliefs Questionnaire and Neo big five Personality Scale. The data were analyzed using hierarchical regression analysis. Findings: The results indicated that personality variables moderated the relationship between craving with attentional bias and implicit memory bias, but these factors did not have any effect on the relationship between craving and explicit memory bias. Conclusion: The results showed that automatic cognitive processes such as attention and implicit memory are bottom-up processes and tend to be affected by personality traits, whereas consciousness cognitive processes such as explicit memory is top-down processing and is influenced by individuals’ conception.
Amir Azizi; Fazlollah Mir Drikvand; Mohammad Ali Sepahvand
Volume 6, Issue 1 , August 2017, , Pages 135-146
Abstract
Introduction: The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation on continuous attention, working memory and visual - motor perception in primary school students with specific learning disability. Methods: In this quasi -experimental study, 30 primary school students ...
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Introduction: The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation on continuous attention, working memory and visual - motor perception in primary school students with specific learning disability. Methods: In this quasi -experimental study, 30 primary school students with a learning disorder diagnosis in Tabriz Learning Center in 2016-2017 were selected through call method and using randomly were replaced into experimental and control groups (n = 15 per group). In all four groups of N-back, continuous performance test and visual perception -motor Bender-Gestalt as pretest and post-test completion. Cognitive rehabilitation was performed in the experimental group using Sund Smart software for 20 sessions of 30-45 minutes (3 times a week for seven weeks) and the control group did not receive any interventions. Data were analyzed using multivariate covariance analysis in SPSS.20 software. Findings: The multivariate covariance analysis showed that there is a significant difference between the mean scores of pre-test and post-test in the experimental and control groups in continuous attention variables and visual - motor perception, but there is no significant difference between the mean scores of the groups in the working memory variable at the evaluation stages. Conclusions: The use of cognitive rehabilitation is recommended in improving continuous attention and visual-motor perception in elementary school students with special learning disabilities.
Seyyed Kamal Kharrazi; Sahba Rezaian
Volume 7, Issue 1 , August 2018, , Pages 141-152
Abstract
Aim: Decision making is one of the most important aspects of our individual and social lives. In spite of various models and frameworks of decision making, no comprehensive model has been proposed so far to integrate cognitive dimensions in decision making models. In the current era, with the development ...
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Aim: Decision making is one of the most important aspects of our individual and social lives. In spite of various models and frameworks of decision making, no comprehensive model has been proposed so far to integrate cognitive dimensions in decision making models. In the current era, with the development and advancement of cognitive sciences, it’s necessary to deepen our studies in this field. Thus, our aim was to identify the current status of the studies conducted about components of decision making. Method: All themes of decision making were identified through systematic review literature using meta analysis. The data coding was done with Nvivo-11. Finally, 80 codes of decision making were categorized in 26 categories and 5 themes (contextual factors, individual factors, cognitive readiness and cognitive distortions). Then the importance and priority of each proposed dimension was determined using Shannon quantitative method based on content analysis. Results & Conclusion: Thus, this study is innovative in terms of both results and methodology. The other innovation of this study is the comprehensive integration of cognitive components into decision making models.
abdollah rashidzade; abdollah rashidzade; abdollah rashidzade; Touraj Hashemi
Abstract
Introduction: The present study was conducted with the aim at determining the interactive effecttiveness of selfregulated-metacognitive strategies and academic self-concept on educational resilience and positive academic emotions of secondary school students. Method: The design of this semi-experimental ...
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Introduction: The present study was conducted with the aim at determining the interactive effecttiveness of selfregulated-metacognitive strategies and academic self-concept on educational resilience and positive academic emotions of secondary school students. Method: The design of this semi-experimental research was pre-test and post-test with control group. The population of this study was Tabriz secondary school students. The statistical sample of this study was 60 students who were selected through a pilot study and a multi-stage cluster sampling.They then were assigned into two experimental and control groups by using a targeted substitution method. The experimental group participated in the training sessions for selfregulated-metacognitive strategies for 12 sessions and the control group did not receive any interventions. Results: the training of metacognitive self-directed strategies led to significant improvement in the experimental group compared to control group in academic resilence and positive emotion, and also the interactive effect of teaching selfregulated-metacognitive strategies and self-concept on all components of academic resilience and positive emotional were significant. Conclusion: academic resilience and positive emotions can be increased by training metacognitive selfregulation strategies, as well as paying attention to the interactive and moderating role of self-concept. This research has implications for managers, teachers and school advisers who can use their results to improve student progress.
Majid Saffari Nia; Mahdi Dehestani; Azam Fetri
Volume 6, Issue 2 , February 2018, , Pages 143-154
Abstract
This study examined the mediating effect of empathy, rumination, and anger on the relationship between narcissism and lack of interpersonal forgiveness. The research method was correlational. The population of this study were all students of Qazvin universities from which 197 persons were selected as ...
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This study examined the mediating effect of empathy, rumination, and anger on the relationship between narcissism and lack of interpersonal forgiveness. The research method was correlational. The population of this study were all students of Qazvin universities from which 197 persons were selected as the research sample. To collect data, the Narcisistic Personality Questionnaire (Raskin & Terry, 1988), Lack of interpersonal forgiveness associated with the error, and the Empathy Scale (Batson & Shaw, 1991) were applied. The results of Pearson correlation showed a significant negative correlation between empathy and narcissism, and a positive correlation between narcissism and rumination/anger. The results also revaled a significant negative relationship between unforgiveness, rumination, and anger; however, no correlation was found between empathyand unforgiveness. Mediated regression test results revealed that narcissism had a significant effect on the rate of unforgiveness. In addition, the results showed that from among empathy, rumination, and anger, anger and rumination had mediating effect on the relationship between narcissism and unforgiveness. Thus, it can be concluded that if detailed behavioral variables such as the state of anger and rumination be considered, change in more general behaviors such as forgiveness might be achievable.
Amirhossein Zanjanbar
Abstract
The subject of social cognition research is to explore, how to capture, use and interpret the information that is relevant to the social world. Since proverbs are both interlocutory social interfaces and are also intercultural social interfaces, they are therefore considered to be one of the appropriate ...
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The subject of social cognition research is to explore, how to capture, use and interpret the information that is relevant to the social world. Since proverbs are both interlocutory social interfaces and are also intercultural social interfaces, they are therefore considered to be one of the appropriate indicators for in-time and simultaneous studies of social cognition. Using an analytic-descriptive approach, this research seeks to show that: corresponding to any cognitive processing paradigm, there are many proverbs in the Persian language that explicitly, by highlighting the aforementioned cognitive paradigm, insist on its confirmation or rejection. So although the repercussions of schemas and secret cognitive strategies are sometimes in the name of our individual subconscious, our collective culture, far ahead of the theorists of cognitive science, has brought them to the forefront of their epistemological and conscious awareness. The central issue of research is how proverbs play a role in transferring processing patterns from the level of individual unconscious to the level of collective consciousness. This study, for the first time, looks closely at the parables of the Persian language, with an approach to cognitive psychology. The vacuum that suffices for the application of cognitive science in literary research, as well as, the lack of cognitive science to the capacity of popular literature confirms the necessity of this research. The good use of popular culture as evidence for cognitive theories is that its tested subjects are natural, not laboratory.
aliasghar eyvaziheshmat; . .; . .; . .
Volume 5, Issue 2 , November 2016, , Pages 155-167
Abstract
Aim: The main aim of this study was to predict consumers' decision-making styles through personality traits. Method: The Scott and Bruce’s model which includes the rational, intuitive, dependent, and avoidant styles, was used to determine the decision-making styles. The Grey-Wilson model including ...
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Aim: The main aim of this study was to predict consumers' decision-making styles through personality traits. Method: The Scott and Bruce’s model which includes the rational, intuitive, dependent, and avoidant styles, was used to determine the decision-making styles. The Grey-Wilson model including the behavioral activation, behavioral inhibition, and fight/flight systems was used to determine the personality traits. The study sample included 375 students of Payame Noor University of Qom who were selected using stratified random sampling. Scott and Bruce decision-making styles questionnaire and Gary-Wilson personality questionnaire were completed, and multivariate regression analysis was used to predict the subjects’ decision-making styles. Results: The results showed that, in addition to a significant relationship between the components of decision-making styles, participants with behavioral activation and fight/flight systems used rational decision-making style, while those with behavioral inhibition system used avoidant and intuitive decision-making styles.
zara rouhzadeh; hamid lotfi; Bahram Mirzaian
Abstract
Introduction: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of different levels of anxiety on the selection of waiting conditions of female undergraduate students at the Islamic Azad University of Sari. Method: For this purpose, 129 subjects were selected through multistage random sampling method, ...
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Introduction: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of different levels of anxiety on the selection of waiting conditions of female undergraduate students at the Islamic Azad University of Sari. Method: For this purpose, 129 subjects were selected through multistage random sampling method, then their homogeneity in terms of gender, age, level of anxiety, and educational level was assured. Before entering the independent variable to measure anxiety level, Spielberger's State- Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) was used to control the intrusive variable, which data analysis through the Kruskal-Wallis test showed no significant difference between the three groups (State scale: H = 0.562, df = 2, sig = 0.755, a= 0.05; and trait scale: H = 0.990, df = 2, sig = 0.610, a = 0.05). The instrument used in this research was a performance and measurement package that was applied according to the implementation instructions. Finally, the data were analyzed through nonparametric statistics of Fridman Two-Way Analysis of Variance by using SPSS software. Results: The results showed that different levels of anxiety had an impact on the choice of waiting conditions. Comparisons of average ranks has shown that participants preference for choice was 'cognitive clarity', 'emotional comparison', ‘crowd’ and 'being alone', respectively. Conclusion: Given the high frequency of cognitive clarity, it can be concluded that acquiring expert information (i.e., cognitive clarity) to adapt to critical situations has been more important than other variables that researchers have emphasized so far.
Nila Elmimanesh
Abstract
Introduction: The present study was aimed to investigate the effectiveness of Luthans intervention program on Academic and Organizational Procrastination. Method: the research was quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest design. The population consisted of PNU students of Natanz in the academic year ...
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Introduction: The present study was aimed to investigate the effectiveness of Luthans intervention program on Academic and Organizational Procrastination. Method: the research was quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest design. The population consisted of PNU students of Natanz in the academic year 1395 who were studying and working full time. Out of the 300 students, 50 were randomly selected and put into two groups of 25, one for academic and another one for organizational procrastination. The instruments were two questionnaires of Academic Procrastination (Solomon & Rothblum) and Organizational Procrastination (Safary Nia & Amirkhani Razilighy). After the implementation of the questionnaires, Luthans Intervention Program was applied to the experimental group. Then, Post-test and follow-up were implemented for both groups in two phases. Multivariate analysis of covariance was used to analyze the data. Results: The results showed that compared with the control group, both of the dependent variables in the experimental group were reduced significantly. The results of the Post-test and follow-up reflected the effectiveness and stability of the intervention. Conclusion: It can be stated that psychological Capital Intervention Model has been effective on decreasing Academic and organizational procrastination. Therefore, it can be an appropriate strategy to reduce Academic and organizational procrastination.
Kamran Shivandi Chelicheh; farzaneh mostafaei
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to identify the factors that affecting the reduction of cognitive distortions caused by Covid-19 pandemic. In terms of purpose this research is applied, and in terms of nature is descriptive-correlational. Method: The statistical population of this study includes ...
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Objective: The aim of this study was to identify the factors that affecting the reduction of cognitive distortions caused by Covid-19 pandemic. In terms of purpose this research is applied, and in terms of nature is descriptive-correlational. Method: The statistical population of this study includes all people living in city of Karaj and the sample size was calculated 384 based on Cochran formula. Sampling was done purposefully and in the next step it was done voluntarily and online. In order to collect data, Ozturk and Hammaci (2004) Cognitive Distortion Scale, Palutzian and Ellison (1983) Spiritual Health Scale and the researcher-made questionnaire of trust, patience and peaceful coexistence were used. Results: The results of the study using multivariate regression based on ANOVA test showed that trust, spiritual health and peaceful coexistence had a positive effect on reducing cognitive distortion. The results also showed that patience could not reduce cognitive distortion. Conclusion: As a result, in the social dimension, increasing trust and promoting empathetic coexistence in society and in the individual dimension, increasing spiritual health can be a basis for reducing cognitive distortion.
Faezeh Poorgharib shahi shahrbabak; Javad Salehi; Tahereh Elahi
Abstract
.Aim: Memory conformity occurs when people's memory is affected by each other. It has also been shown that our memory is better for stimuli with emotional valence. People's empathy also affects the extent to which they are affected by emotional stimuli. This study aimed to investigate the effect of the ...
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.Aim: Memory conformity occurs when people's memory is affected by each other. It has also been shown that our memory is better for stimuli with emotional valence. People's empathy also affects the extent to which they are affected by emotional stimuli. This study aimed to investigate the effect of the emotional valence of remembered images on memory conformity and the role of empathy in this regard. Method: The statistical population was 400 female university students screened for empathy based on statistical power analysis, and the sample of 60 students were randomly selected from the upper and lower quartiles of empathy scores. The Questionnaire Measure of Emotional Empathy (QMEE) and a recognition memory test using the International Affective Picture System (IAPS) was used to collect data. Results: The results of one-way repeated measures ANOVA and Split-Plot (mixed) analysis of variance (SPANOVA) for data analysis showed that memory conformity occurred in images with negative emotional valence less than in other levels of emotional valence (p<0.005). There was no significant difference between participants with high and low empathy in terms of memory conformity in images with different emotional valence. Conclusion: Although there was no difference in the degree of memory conformity between high and low empathy individuals, individuals experience memory conformity at all emotional valences. This conformity is greater in information without emotional capacity.
social Psychology
Zahed Mahdavi; Haleh Shaeri; abed mahdavi
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to predict criminal behavior based on cognitive biases, emotion dysregulation, and social support. Method: The research method was descriptive-correlation. People formed the statistical research community cared for and supported as criminals in the Tehran Reform and Education ...
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Objective: This study aimed to predict criminal behavior based on cognitive biases, emotion dysregulation, and social support. Method: The research method was descriptive-correlation. People formed the statistical research community cared for and supported as criminals in the Tehran Reform and Education Center in 2023. The available sampling method selected one hundred twenty people as research samples. Measurement tools included the criminal behavior checklist of Sharifinia (2010), the social support questionnaire of Vaux et al. (1986), the emotion regulation difficulty questionnaire of Gratz & Roemer (2004), the Davos cognitive bias Assessment Scale of van Der Gaag et al. (2013), which the sample people completed. the Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis were used in SPSS-24 software for data analysis. Results: The study's findings showed that cognitive biases and emotion dysregulation have a significant positive relationship with criminal behavior, and social support has a significant negative relationship with criminal behavior. The linear regression model showed that cognitive biases, emotion dysregulation, and social support can predict 78.9, 12.8, and 12.6 percent of the variance in criminal behavior, respectively. In addition, the research findings showed that the combination of research variables explains 71.9% of the variance in criminal behavior (P< 0.05).Conclusion: Given that irrational thoughts, emotional dysregulation, and lack of social support play a significant role in the formation and occurrence of criminal behavior, psychological interventions and the implementation of deterrent laws at the community level can prevent criminal behavior and improve the psychological health of adolescents.
Morteza Tarkhan
Volume 2, Issue 2 , March 2014, , Pages 100-110
Abstract
Introduction: The aim of this research was to study the effectiveness of group critical thinking training on social self-efficacy and resilience of narcotics anonymous (Na). Method: The research was semi experimental with pretest – post test design. Using Gaudino & Herbert social self-efficacy ...
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Introduction: The aim of this research was to study the effectiveness of group critical thinking training on social self-efficacy and resilience of narcotics anonymous (Na). Method: The research was semi experimental with pretest – post test design. Using Gaudino & Herbert social self-efficacy questionnaire and Conner & Davidson resilience questionnaire, 30 narcotics anonymous (Na) with low social self-efficacy and resilience were randomly selected and were voluntarily assigned to experimental and control groups (15 persons in each group). The experimental group received 10 sessions of critical thinking skills (a session weekly) and the control group did not receive any training. After the training, social self-efficacy and resilience of the experimental group were measured again. Findings: Analysis of one way covariance method (ANCOVA) showed significant differences in both social self-efficacy (37.96) and resilience (32.69) with P
Nasim seeed
Abstract
Introduction: The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of problem-solving training on the stress coping strategies and responsibility of distance education students. Method: The present research is quasi-experimental with control and experimental groups with pre-test and post-test. The ...
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Introduction: The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of problem-solving training on the stress coping strategies and responsibility of distance education students. Method: The present research is quasi-experimental with control and experimental groups with pre-test and post-test. The statistical population of the study consisted of undergraduate students of distance education system among whom 40 were selected through available sampling method and assigned in two experimental (n = 20) and control (n = 20) groups. The research instruments for collecting data consisted of Lazarus and Folkman's (1988) Stress Coping Strategies Questionnaire and Nematic Responsibility Questionnaire (2008). Using SPSS software version 21, Covariance analysis was used for data analysis. Results: The results showed that problem solving training influenced the dimensions of stress coping strategies (problem-based and emotional-based strategies) as well as students' responsibility and the experimental group used problem solving methods more after training. Conclusion: Given that problem solving is the ability of individuals to deal with their daily problems, and based on the results of the research, problem solving training can increase this ability in students and enhance their ability to face problems. So it is recommended that problem-solving instruction be emphasized in enhancing students' skills and provided through academic and educational programs.
Alireza Pirkhaefi
Volume 1, Issue 2 , June 2013, , Pages 101-112
Abstract
Aim: This study aimed to determine the relationship between metacomponents of creativity and mental health in a nonclinical sample of students. Method: The study was performed with correlation and included 400 students from different fields of study: Humanities, Engineering, Science and Agriculture, ...
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Aim: This study aimed to determine the relationship between metacomponents of creativity and mental health in a nonclinical sample of students. Method: The study was performed with correlation and included 400 students from different fields of study: Humanities, Engineering, Science and Agriculture, and Veterinary Sciences of Islamic Azad University, Garmsar Branch. Research instruments included the Torrance Test of Creative Thinking (Form B-figural) and the Goldberg General Health Questionnaire. Results: Correlation and regression analysis of relations between creativity and signs of psychopathology suggested a significant negative relationship between them. From among the metacomponants of creativity, fluency and originality explained 46 to 57 percent of the variance of mental health. Although creativity and mental health levels were different among different disciplines. Humanities students enjoyed higher levels of creativity and mental health compared to other disciplines. Conclusion: Findings indicated that creativity was an effective variable on the mental health. Therefore, by stimulating and strengthening it mental health can be helped. The findings also revealed a pattern of creative empowerment for students. The applied pattern includes training the mind for fluency, originality, and personality building which cause students enjoy higher mental powers to deal with problem solving and adaptation.
