In collaboration with Payame Noor University and Iranian Association of Social Psychology

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Professor of Psychology Group, Payame Noor University

2 Ph.D Student of Psychology, Payame Noor University

3 phd.student of psychologhy of postgraduate education

Abstract

Introduction: Examining the cognitive weaknesses of women receiving botulinum (Botox) as well as how to recognize different facial emotions with the premiere hand control by them can be an effective way to treat and improve their emotional recognition. The purpose of this study was to compare the ability to recognize facial emotional states with the premiere hand control in women receiving treatment of botulinum (Botox) and normal women. Method: This is a causal-comparative study. The research population was all women receiving botulinum (Botox) who referred to beauty centers of Rasht in spring of 1397. Using available sampling method, two groups of 46 women who received Botox treatment and normal subjects participated in the study as samples. Ekman and Fraction's facial emotion recognition test and Chapman's Handedness Inventory were used as measurement instruments to determine the recognition of emotions (happiness, sadness, anger) of participants. The results were analyzed throgh SPSS-23 and descriptive statistics and covariance test. Results: The results showed that the ability of the two groups to recognize the emotional states (happiness, sadness and anger) with the premiere hand control is not the same, and there is a significant difference between the two groups. Conclusion: The ability of women receiving botulin (Botox) to diagnose emotions (happiness, sadness and anger) is weaker than normal people.

Keywords

- علی‌پور، ا. (1385). بررسی قابلیت اعتماد و اعتبار آزمون دست برتری چاپمن در دانش‌آموزان راهنمایی. فصلنامه‌ روان‌شناسان ایرانی، شماره‌ 197، صص 207-205.
- فتحی، آ.؛ الهی، ط. و حسنی، ج. (1393). بازشناسی حالات هیجانی چهره در ابعاد شخصیتی برون‏گردی/روان‏رنجورخویی: نقش تعدیل­کننده حافظه کاری. فصلنامه تازه‏های علوم شناختی، شماره2، صص 68-57. - کبودی، س.؛ سلیمی، ا.؛ کاوسی، ح.؛ ابراهیمی، ع.؛ اشتریان، ح.؛ رجبی گیلان، ن. و شیرزادی، م. (1395). نقش تابع تصویر بدنی، حمایت اجتماعی و اعتقادات مذهبی در پیش‏بینی انجام عمل زیبایی بوتاکس. مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مازندران،شماره 144، دوره 26، صص 229-219.
- کیانی، آ.؛ شهریور، ز.؛ تهرانی دوست، م. و مختاری حبشی، غ. ر. (1392). توانایی بازشناسی چهره در همشیرهای کودکان مبتلا به اوتیسم. مجله پزشکی ارومیه، دوره 24، شماره 10، صص 830-823.
- موسوی زاده، س. م.؛ نیازی شهرکی، ف. ا.؛ کلانتر هرمزی، ع. ج.، فدایی نائینی، ع. ر. و نصری لاری، م. (1388). ارزیابی گرایش و انگیزه‏های بیماران زن در جراحی‏های زیبایی. مجله دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، شماره 14، دوره 6، صص 323-318.
- نجاتی، و.؛ شیری، ا. و نوری، ژ. (1391). مقایسه توانایی بازشناسی حالات هیجانی و ذهن‏خوانی در افراد مصرف کننده مواد افیونی و همتایان سالم. فصلنامه اعتیاد پژوهی سوء مصرف مواد، سال ششم، شماره 21، صص41-30.
- Alony, S. (2009). Aspects of handedness: Cognition, emotions, and perception. Saarbrucken: Lambert Academic Publishing.
- Baumeister, J. C., Papa, G., & Foroni, F. (2016). "Deeper thanskin deep-The effect of botulin toxin-An on emotion processing". Toxicon Journal, (118), 86-90.
- Carlson, N. (2014). Foundations of behavioral neuroscience. New York: Pearson publisher.
- Carlson, N., & Birkett, M. (2017). Physiology of behavior. New York: Pearson publisher.
- Chapman, L. J., & Chapman, J. P. (1987). "The measurement of handedness". Brain and Cognition, 6(2), 175–183.
- Davis, J. I., Senghas, A., Brandt, F., & Ochsner, K. N. (2010). "The effects of BOTOX injections on emotional experience". Emotion, (10), 433-440.
- Ekman, P., & Friesen, W. (1976). "Photographs of Facial Affect Recognition Test". Consulting Psychologists Press, 12, 221-231.
- Everhart, D. E., Harrison, D. W., & Crews, W. D. (1996). "Hemispheric asymmetry as a function of handedness: Perception of facial affects stimuli". Perceptual and Motor skills, 82(1), 264–266.
- Farran, E. K., Branson, A., & King B. J. (2011). "Visual search for basicemotional expressions; impaired detection of anger, fearand sadness but a typical happy face advantage inautism". Res Autism Spectrum Disord, (5), 455-462.
- Havas, D. A., Glenberg, A. M., Gutowski, K. A., Lucarelli, M. J., & Davidson, R. J (2010). "Cosmetic use of botulinum toxin-A affects processing of emotional language". PsycholSci, 21(7), 895-900.
- Hennenlotter, A., Dresel, C., Castrop, F., Ceballos-Baumann, A. O., Wohlschlager, A. M., & Haslinger, B. )2009(. "The link between facial feedback and neural activity within central circuitries of emotion-new insights from botulinum toxin-induceddenervation of frown muscles". Cereb Corte, 19, 537-542.
- Henry, J. D., Mazur, M., & Rendell, P. G (2009). "Social-cognitive difficulties in former users of methamphetamine". British Journal of Clinical Psychology, (48),323-327.
- Hoshi, R., Bisla J., & Curran, H. (2004). "The acute and sub-acute effects of ‘ecstasy’ (MDMA) on processing of facial expressions: Preliminary findings". Drug Alcohol Dependency. (76), 297-304.
- Ingram, N. (2009). The integration encyclopedia of depression. New York: Springer publishing company.
- Joormann, J., Gilbert, K., & Gotlib, I. H. (2010). "Emotion identification in girls at high risk for depression". Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines, 51(5), 575-582.
- Kohler, C. G., Turner, T., Stolar, N. M., Bilker, W. B., Brensinger, C. M., & Gur, R. E. (2004). "Differences in facial expressions of four universal emotions". Psychiatry Res, 128(3), 235-244.
- Kruger, T. H, C., & Wollmer, M. A. (2015). "An emerging indication for botulinum toxintreatment". Toxicon, (107), 154-157.
- Leber, S., Heidenreich, T., Stangier, U., & Hofmann, S. G. (2009). "Processing of facial affect under social threat in socially anxious adults: Mood matters". Depression Anxiety, (26), 196-206.
- Montis, I., Brune, M., Fresan, A., Font, V., Villanueva, J., Saracco, R., & Muñoz-Delgado, J. (2013). "Recognition of facial expression of the emotions and their relation to attachment styles and psychiatric symptoms". Preliminary study on Psychiatric Residents. Salud Mental, (36), 95-100.
- Neal, D. T., & Chartand, T. L. (2011). "Embodied emotion perception amplifying and dampening facial feedback modulates emotion perception accuracy". Social Psychol Personal Sci, 2(6), 673-678.
- Payer, D. E., Lieberman, M. D., Monterosso, J. R., Xu, J., & Fong, T. W. (2008). "Differences in cortical activity between methamphetamine-dependent and healthy individuals performing facial affect matching task". Drug and Alcohol Dependence, (93), 93-102.
- Thompson, J. K. (1985). "Right brain, left brain; left face, right face: Hemisphericity and the expression of facial emotion". Cortex, 21(2), 281-299.
- Vrugt, A., & Vet, C. (2009). "Effects of a smile on mood and helping behavior". Social Behavior Personality International Journal, (37), 1251-1257.