social Psychology
atefeh heyrat; kamran sheivandi; nazanin mohammadi
Abstract
The present research was conducted with the aim of investigating the psychometric properties of the social presence questionnaire of students in a virtual way. The statistical population included all the students of Isfahan University in the academic year of 1400-1399 (16500). Based on the Cochran formula, ...
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The present research was conducted with the aim of investigating the psychometric properties of the social presence questionnaire of students in a virtual way. The statistical population included all the students of Isfahan University in the academic year of 1400-1399 (16500). Based on the Cochran formula, a sample of 367 people was selected based on a multi-stage random method. The data collection tool included Yen and Tu's social presence questionnaire (2008). Pearson correlation and confirmatory factor analysis were used for data analysisThe reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed based on Cronbach's alpha for the overall scale and its dimensions. The confirmatory validity of the questionnaire was confirmed based on the opinion of psychological experts. According to the confirmatory factor analysis, the items of the social presence questionnaire had an appropriate and meaningful factor load, and the social presence consists of four factors of social context, privacy, interaction and online communication. The fit indices showed that the measurement model of the social presence questionnaire has a good fit. The social presence questionnaire by measuring the four dimensions of social context, privacy, interaction and online communication is a valid tool to determine the extent to which people have this empowering feature, and for this reason, it can easily be used by researchers and professionals in the field of psychology and social sciences.
elahe Memarian; Davood Manavipour; Mojtaba Sedaghati Fard
Abstract
Objective: Low self-efficacy and aggression are found in all cultures and are the most common kind of problems in students, which cause discomfort and distress in others; thus, they disrupt the mental health of the community. This study aims to investigate the comparison of effectiveness of group ...
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Objective: Low self-efficacy and aggression are found in all cultures and are the most common kind of problems in students, which cause discomfort and distress in others; thus, they disrupt the mental health of the community. This study aims to investigate the comparison of effectiveness of group training anger management and psycho-social empowerment on aggression and social self-efficacy. Method: This experimental study was conducted with a pretest-posttest design with control group and follow-up two month. The statistical population of this study included all the female students high school Tehran city to 125110 people were in year academic 2020-2021 and 90 female students by convenience sampling were considered as the sample size in two experimental groups and on group control (each group of 30 female students). The experimental groups underwent group training anger management and psycho-social empowerment (12 sessions 90 minutes in each training), but the control group received no training and remained in the waiting list. To collect data aggression questionnaire and adolescents social self-efficacy scale. Data analysis was performed using SPSS-24 software in two sections: descriptive and inferential (analysis of variance with repeated measures and Bonferroni). Results: The results of the study showed that both types of treatment in post-test and follow up had a significant effect on reducing aggression and increasing social self-efficacy of female high school students (P<0.05). In addition, the results showed that group anger management training was more effective than psycho-social empowerment group in reducing aggression and increasing social self-efficacy (P<0.05). Conclusion: It can be concluded that, anger training anger management and psycho-social empowerment can be considered as a supportive and effective tool for reducing aggression and increasing social self-efficacy and used for adolescents in particular.
sajjad basharpoor; sahar khoshsorour
Abstract
Objective: Self-disgust as a negative self-conscious emotion schema is associated with psychopathology. This study aimed to investigate the psychometric properties of Persian version of the Multidimensional Self-Disgust Scale (MSDS). Method: The statistical population of this study consisted of all undergraduate ...
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Objective: Self-disgust as a negative self-conscious emotion schema is associated with psychopathology. This study aimed to investigate the psychometric properties of Persian version of the Multidimensional Self-Disgust Scale (MSDS). Method: The statistical population of this study consisted of all undergraduate students of the Islamic Azad University, Tehran Science and Research Branch in the academic year 98-99, among whom 324 students (201 females, 123 males) were selected randomly by multistage sampling, and they responded to the Multidimensional Self-Disgust Scale, the Levels of Self-Criticism Scale, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and the NEO Five-Factor Inventory. The data were analyzed by exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, Cronbach’s alpha and Pearson correlation using SPSSand AMOS. Results: Results of the exploratory factor analysis showed 4 factors with eigenvalues higher than 1 which explained 50/35% of the total variance. Also, confirmatory factor analysis indicators also implied the optimal fitness of four-factor model of this scale. The total reliability of the scale was estimated to be respectively 0.91 and 0.87 using Cronbach’s alpha and split half. Convergent validity and divergent validity were also confirmed by calculating scale correlation through the Levels of Self-Criticism Scale and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale respectively (p < 0.01). Also, this scale had a positive and significant correlation with neuroticism and a negative and significant correlation with openness to experience (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The Multidimensional Self-Disgust Scale (MSDS) is characterized by relatively proper validity and reliability for application in Iranian samples and can be a suitable tool in the researches of thisfield.
