social Psychology
Mojtaba Aghili; Narges Sanatian
Abstract
This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of social-emotional competence training on the fear of negative evaluation and psychosomatic symptoms of homeless and poorly supervised adolescents in quasi-family centers. The design of the semi-experimental research was pre-test-post-test ...
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This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of social-emotional competence training on the fear of negative evaluation and psychosomatic symptoms of homeless and poorly supervised adolescents in quasi-family centers. The design of the semi-experimental research was pre-test-post-test with a control group. The statistical population of the research was all the unsupervised and poorly supervised teenagers living in quasi-family centers in Mashhad in 2023, whose number was calculated to be 1700. From the mentioned population, 30 people were selected by available sampling method and were placed in two experimental and control groups (15 people in each group) by random method. The research tools were questionnaires of fear of negative evaluation by Leary (1983) and psychosomatic symptoms by Najarian and Davoudi (2009). The experimental group received social-emotional competence training in 8 sessions of 60 minutes, but the control group did not receive any intervention until the end of the study. Research data were analyzed by multivariate and univariate covariance analysis by SPSS version 24 software. The results showed that social-emotional competence training is effective on the fear of negative evaluation and psychosomatic symptoms of homeless and poorly supervised adolescents in quasi-family centers (p<0.05). The results indicate that social-emotional competence training, by changing attitudes, values, behavior and improving the level of self-esteem and social interactions, reduces the fear of negative evaluation and psychosomatic symptoms of unaccompanied and poorly supervised adolescents in quasi-family centers.
social Psychology
Ali Mostafaie; Sadegh Sadegh Shirbigipour
Abstract
Objective: the aim of the present study was to investigate the structural model of Predicting social cognition based on False beliefs, personal perception and motivational bias with the Mediation of Theory of Mind. Method:Research method was descriptive ,correlational and structural equation modeling.The ...
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Objective: the aim of the present study was to investigate the structural model of Predicting social cognition based on False beliefs, personal perception and motivational bias with the Mediation of Theory of Mind. Method:Research method was descriptive ,correlational and structural equation modeling.The statistical population included all high school students of Ilam city in the academic year 2020-2021, which Among them 380 people were selected by Cluster sampling method. The instruments was include Nejati et al.'s Social Cognition scale (2017), Baron-Cohen et al.'s Theory of Mind Questionnaire (2001), Pentridge et al.'s Motivational Bias Questionnaire (2002), Shostrom's Personal Perception Questionnaire (1992), and Catlin and Epstein's False Beliefs Questionnaire (2003). Reliability and validity of the questionnaires were verified by first and second rank confirmatory factor analysis with LISREL software and CR and AVE values. Analysis of data was performed by using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) in two parts, the measurement model and structural section. Results: The results showed that the conceptual model developed had a good fit with the data. The results of the structural equation analysis indicated the significance of the coefficients of the direct path between the variables of false beliefs, personal perception and motivational bias with social cognition in the final model. Also, theory of mind has a direct, positive and significant effect on social cognition. Finally, false beliefs, personal perception and motivational bias has a negative and significant indirect effect through the mediating variable of Theory of Mind on social cognition. Conclusion:Therefore, applying strategies to reduce false beliefs, personal perception and motivational bias and increasing theory of mind can lead to increasing social cognition in students
social Psychology
اکرم ملک زاده
Abstract
Aim: present study was conducted with the aim of testing and modeling the relapse of addiction in relation to dark personality traits with the mediating role of burden perception and neutral sense of belonging in women. Method: The present study was descriptive-survey of applied type. The statistical ...
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Aim: present study was conducted with the aim of testing and modeling the relapse of addiction in relation to dark personality traits with the mediating role of burden perception and neutral sense of belonging in women. Method: The present study was descriptive-survey of applied type. The statistical population included 200 women with addiction relapse, who were selected by the available sampling method and considering the entry and exit criteria. The tools used to collect the Addiction Relapse Questionnaire (2000), the Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire to investigate neutral belongingness and the Perceived Burdensomenessby Kimberly et al (2012) and the Dark Triad Questionnaire (Jonason & Webster, 2010) were used. To analyze the data, structural equations were used using spss v.22 and pls software. The findings indicated that the effect of narcissistic personality on addiction relapse is 0.29, the effect of Machiavellian personality on addiction relapse is 0.19, the effect of psychotic personality on addiction relapse is 0.68, the effect of perceived burden on addiction relapse is 0.49, the effect of feeling The neutral relationship on addiction relapse was reported as 0.53. Also, the mediating role of perceived burdensomeness and sense of neutral belonging in the relationship between dark personality and addiction relapse was confirmed. Considering the complexity of addiction relapse in women, it is necessary to focus on improving the interpersonal relationships of people with dark personality. Improving interpersonal relationships is effective in preventing the feeling of rejection and emotional and social deprivation, which leads to the reduction of the feeling of being burdened and the feeling of neutral belonging. Also, increasing the awareness of the people around them about the importance of their support for people who have relapsed addiction can be effective in reducing their return to addiction
social Psychology
Javid Takjoo; Iraj Shakerinia; Seyed vali ollah Mousavi; Sajjad Rezaei
Abstract
Introduction: Dishonesty is a pervasive behavior that occurs in various contexts. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to measure the rate and motivations of dishonesty in aggregate and compare it in both genders.Method: The current research conducted using one-shot study design. The statistical ...
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Introduction: Dishonesty is a pervasive behavior that occurs in various contexts. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to measure the rate and motivations of dishonesty in aggregate and compare it in both genders.Method: The current research conducted using one-shot study design. The statistical population consists of all undergraduate students of University of Guilan. The present study includes 189 students who were selected by purposeful sampling and based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were divided into two groups: men (92 people) and women (97 people). The Dice-rolling method was used to measure the rate and motivations of dishonesty. The resulting data were analyzed by binomial test. The Independent t test and the Chi-square test of independence was used to compare the rate and motivations of dishonesty in both genders respectively.Finding: The results indicate that a significant proportion of men (z=4.78, df=91, p< 0.001), women (z=1.71, df=96, p<0.05), and the total participants (z=4.66, df=188, p<0.001) engaged in dishonest behavior with economical motivation. The honest-image motivation was observed in men (z =1.15, df=91, p<0.045), while a conservative approach to dishonest behavior was observed in women (z=1.71, df=96, p<0.05). Furthermore, no significant difference was found between men and women in the rate of dishonest behavior (t=1.15,df=187, p<0.175) or in the economical motivation (χ²=2.805, df=1, p<0.093). Conclusion: Based on the findings, maximizing personal gain is a motivator for dishonest behavior. Additionally, maintaining an honest self-image is more prominent in men, while a conservative approach is more evident in women
social Psychology
Nikoo Norozi; Ensiyeh Babaee
Abstract
Introduction: The purpose of this study was to determine the role of family functioning and loneliness in predicting the tendency to become addicted to Internet among high school girls with working parents. Method: The statistical population included all high school female students in the academic year ...
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Introduction: The purpose of this study was to determine the role of family functioning and loneliness in predicting the tendency to become addicted to Internet among high school girls with working parents. Method: The statistical population included all high school female students in the academic year of 1400-1401 in Hersin city with working parents, from which 162 people were selected based on the Karjesi-Morgan table by random cluster sampling. Internet addiction questionnaires by Young (1996), Russell, Pilova, and Ferguson (1978) and family functioning questionnaires by Epstein, Baldwin, and Bishab (1950) were used to collect data. Findings: Descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation statistics and multiple regression analysis were used to analyze the data. The obtained results showed that there is a significant negative relationship between family functioning and the tendency to become addicted to Internet. Also, there is a significant positive relationship between the feeling of loneliness and the tendency to be addicted to Internet (p<0.01). Regression analysis showed that family function 0.314 and feeling alone 0.348 significantly predicted the variance of addiction to Internet (p<0.01). Conclusion: The findings of this research showed that the variables of family functioning and loneliness have a decisive role in the tendency to become addicted to Internet.
social Psychology
Mojtaba Aghili; Asemeh Mahini; Ensiyeh Babaee; Mitra Namazi
Abstract
Introduction: Family is the smallest social unit, its stability or instability affects family members and society. The purpose of this research was to compare the perception of parenting style, early maladaptive schemas and spiritual intelligence in girls with and without divorced parents in Gorgan city. ...
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Introduction: Family is the smallest social unit, its stability or instability affects family members and society. The purpose of this research was to compare the perception of parenting style, early maladaptive schemas and spiritual intelligence in girls with and without divorced parents in Gorgan city. Method: This study was a causal-comparative descriptive research. The socio-statistics were all female students of the second year of secondary school in Gorgan in the academic year 2022-2023. 150 students (75 students with divorced parents and 75 other students) were selected by purposive sampling method. The research tools were Baumrind's (1972) parenting perception questionnaires, Yang's (1998) early maladaptive schemas, and King's spiritual intelligence (2008). To analyze the data, the statistical method of multivariate variance analysis and SPSS version 24 software were used. Findings: The results showed that there is a significant difference between girls with and without divorced parents in terms of perception of parenting style, primary incompatible schemas and spiritual intelligence (P<0.05). Conclusion: Based on the findings of the research, it can be concluded that students with divorced parents in the schemas of cut and rejection, impaired limits and listening to excessive noise; They had permissive and authoritarian parenting style and less spiritual intelligence than other students, and attention to their correction should be taken into consideration by psychotherapy specialists.
social Psychology
Zahed Mahdavi; Haleh Shaeri; Abed Mahdavi
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to predict criminal behavior based on cognitive biases, emotion dysregulation, and social support. Method: The research method was descriptive-correlation. People formed the statistical research community cared for and supported as criminals in the Tehran Reform and Education ...
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Objective: This study aimed to predict criminal behavior based on cognitive biases, emotion dysregulation, and social support. Method: The research method was descriptive-correlation. People formed the statistical research community cared for and supported as criminals in the Tehran Reform and Education Center in 2023. The available sampling method selected one hundred twenty people as research samples. Measurement tools included the criminal behavior checklist of Sharifinia (2010), the social support questionnaire of Vaux et al. (1986), the emotion regulation difficulty questionnaire of Gratz & Roemer (2004), the Davos cognitive bias Assessment Scale of van Der Gaag et al. (2013), which the sample people completed. the Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis were used in SPSS-24 software for data analysis. Results: The study's findings showed that cognitive biases and emotion dysregulation have a significant positive relationship with criminal behavior, and social support has a significant negative relationship with criminal behavior. The linear regression model showed that cognitive biases, emotion dysregulation, and social support can predict 78.9, 12.8, and 12.6 percent of the variance in criminal behavior, respectively. In addition, the research findings showed that the combination of research variables explains 71.9% of the variance in criminal behavior (P< 0.05).Conclusion: Given that irrational thoughts, emotional dysregulation, and lack of social support play a significant role in the formation and occurrence of criminal behavior, psychological interventions and the implementation of deterrent laws at the community level can prevent criminal behavior and improve the psychological health of adolescents.
social Psychology
Pernia Ebrahimi Loya; Abdulzahra Naami; Seyed Esmaeil Hashemi
Abstract
Recently, due to factors such as the unfavorable economic situation, global changes in work and the increase in the level of education, the concern and problem of human resource management of organizations is that a large number of employees have an education level, skills and capabilities beyond what ...
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Recently, due to factors such as the unfavorable economic situation, global changes in work and the increase in the level of education, the concern and problem of human resource management of organizations is that a large number of employees have an education level, skills and capabilities beyond what is necessary for the successful implementation of the job. are collisions. The purpose of the current research was to determined the relationship between perceived overqualification with job satisfaction and job boredom, and determine the moderating role of work meaningfulness, member-leader exchange and team cohesion in the relationship between perceived overqualification with job satisfaction and job boredom. The research design was cross-sectional. The statistical Sample included 180 participants that were selected by sample random sampling from a company in Tehran. The instruments included questioners of job satisfaction (Agho et al.., 1992), perceived over qualification (Maynard et al. 2006), job boredom (Vodanovich & Kass, 1990), cohesion work (Carless & De Paola, 2000), work meaningfulness (Steger et al., 2012) and member-leader exchange (Graen & Uhl-Bien, 1995). In this research, data analysis was done by correlation and regression methods using the SPSS software. In addition, work meaningfulness, member-leader exchange, and team cohesion team cohesion moderated the relationship between perceived overqualification with job satisfaction, and job boredom. The inherent limitation of the present study is the cross-sectional research design, which does not provide the possibility of causal inference from the results. Although the proposed hypotheses are designed based on strong theories in the field of super-competence, the existence of reverse causality is not far from the mind. In addition, the use of only questionnaires can be another limitation of this research. It is suggested that this research be carried out in other organizations to determine the generalizability of the results.
social Psychology
Saede Mokhtari Dozdab; khadije Aerabsheybani
Abstract
The present study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of compassion therapy on identity styles and problem solving styles of high school students. The current research method was quasi-experimental and pre-test-post-test type with a control group. The statistical population of the present ...
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The present study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of compassion therapy on identity styles and problem solving styles of high school students. The current research method was quasi-experimental and pre-test-post-test type with a control group. The statistical population of the present study includes students of the second secondary level of high school of the 4th district of Mashhad, who are studying in Mashhad in the academic year of 1402-1401. According to the statistical population and according to the entry and exit criteria, the number of 30 people was randomly selected by the purposeful sampling method of the available type, 15 people were in the experimental group and 15 people were in the control group, and the effectiveness of compassion therapy on the group The experiment was carried out.tools used; The questionnaire was Berzonsky's identity style questionnaire (1992) and the problem solving style questionnaire by Cassidy and Long (1996). Data analysis was done with multivariate covariance analysis and SPSS-27 software. The results showed that the difference in the adjusted averages of the identity and problem solving styles of the two compassion therapy and control groups in the post-test is statistically significant (P<0.01). The effect size of group membership varied from 0.25 to 0.78. Based on what was mentioned, the hypothesis of the research is confirmed, which means that compassion therapy is effective on identity styles and problem solving styles of high school students.
social Psychology
Esmail Sadri; bahman zardi; saeed khakdal
Abstract
Abstract:The aim of the present study was to investigate the psychometric properties of online intimacy and deception scale in students. The statistical population of this research consisted of all the students of Mohaghegh Ardabili University who were studying in the academic year of 2023-2024. The ...
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Abstract:The aim of the present study was to investigate the psychometric properties of online intimacy and deception scale in students. The statistical population of this research consisted of all the students of Mohaghegh Ardabili University who were studying in the academic year of 2023-2024. The research sample consisted of 331 people (41 boys and 290 girls) who were selected by available methods. Stanton et al.'s (2016) online intimacy and deception scale was used to collect data. To check the validity of the scale, the internal consistency method was used, and to check the validity of the scale, the correlation of the subscales of the questionnaire and confirmatory factor analysis were used. The results showed that the alpha coefficient for online intimacy factor was 0.71 and for online deception was 0.75. The results of fit indices of confirmatory factor analysis showed that this scale has a good fit (CFI=0.93, NFI=0.90 and RMSEA=0.073). As a result, it can be said that this scale is a suitable tool for measuring sincere and deceptive behavior in cyberspace.
social Psychology
atefeh heyrat; kamran sheivandi; nazanin mohammadi
Abstract
The present research was conducted with the aim of investigating the psychometric properties of the social presence questionnaire of students in a virtual way. The statistical population included all the students of Isfahan University in the academic year of 1400-1399 (16500). Based on the Cochran formula, ...
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The present research was conducted with the aim of investigating the psychometric properties of the social presence questionnaire of students in a virtual way. The statistical population included all the students of Isfahan University in the academic year of 1400-1399 (16500). Based on the Cochran formula, a sample of 367 people was selected based on a multi-stage random method. The data collection tool included Yen and Tu's social presence questionnaire (2008). Pearson correlation and confirmatory factor analysis were used for data analysisThe reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed based on Cronbach's alpha for the overall scale and its dimensions. The confirmatory validity of the questionnaire was confirmed based on the opinion of psychological experts. According to the confirmatory factor analysis, the items of the social presence questionnaire had an appropriate and meaningful factor load, and the social presence consists of four factors of social context, privacy, interaction and online communication. The fit indices showed that the measurement model of the social presence questionnaire has a good fit. The social presence questionnaire by measuring the four dimensions of social context, privacy, interaction and online communication is a valid tool to determine the extent to which people have this empowering feature, and for this reason, it can easily be used by researchers and professionals in the field of psychology and social sciences.
social Psychology
soheyla sohrabi; Javad Salehi; Tahere Elahi
Abstract
Abstract: The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of creating credibility for the co-witness by labeling, on the conformity of visual memory. In this research, the conformity of the recognition memory of 64 participants was investigated based on the "pretest-posttest control group design". ...
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Abstract: The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of creating credibility for the co-witness by labeling, on the conformity of visual memory. In this research, the conformity of the recognition memory of 64 participants was investigated based on the "pretest-posttest control group design". First, in the pre-test step, the actual level of visual recognition memory performance of the individual participants was measured using the International Affective Picture System (IAPS). Then, the participants of the experimental group participated in image recognition tasks in the presence of an expert co-witness (researcher's confederate) who was validated bythe labeling him a police officer, and the participants of the control group in the presence of a non-expert co- witness (researcher's confederate). Data analysis using one way analysis of covariance showed that the participants of the experimental group conformed with the valid co-witness more than the control group (ηp2 =0.88, p < 0.005 and F = (58) 19.35). In conclusion, the results showed that providing information about the expertise of a co-witness can have an effect on memory conformity with him. It turned out that the person's assessment of the validity of the co-witness's memory plays the most important role. It seems that a person's perception of the credibility of a co-witness affects the way he processes new information, which leads to anincrease in conformity due to wrong attributions in the source monitoring process. Social influence also plays a role in the credibility effect, though not in terms of giving credibility to memories, but in terms of how information is used.
social Psychology
Mona Farkhondehfal; Pegah Nejat
Abstract
Introduction: This study aimed to examine the effect of social exclusion on state self-esteem at both implicit and explicit levels and the moderating role of trait implicit and explicit self-esteem in this relation. Method: It was an experimental study with one between-subjects factor (acceptance, rejection). ...
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Introduction: This study aimed to examine the effect of social exclusion on state self-esteem at both implicit and explicit levels and the moderating role of trait implicit and explicit self-esteem in this relation. Method: It was an experimental study with one between-subjects factor (acceptance, rejection). Participants were 110 individuals (80% women) with a mean age of 27.4 years who participated in this study voluntarily and online in fall 1400. They first responded to measures of explicit and implicit trait self-esteem then received the social exclusion manipulation by "writing about previous experience" and finally responded to measures of explicit and implicit state self-esteem. Rosenberg self-esteem scale (Rosenberg, 1965) and single-item self-esteem scale (Donnellan et al., 2015) were used to measure explicit self-esteem. Implicit Association Test (Greenwald & Farnham, 2000) and Name-Letter Test (Kitayama & Karasawa, 1997) were used to assess implicit self-esteem. Results: Consistent with sociometer theory, implicit state self-esteem was lower in response to the rejection condition compared to the acceptance condition. In contrast, explicit state self-esteem was not different between the acceptance and rejection conditions. One possible explanation for this finding is the activation of conscious defense mechanisms to protect self-esteem in response to the experience of social rejection. The effect of social exclusion on implicit state self-esteem was not moderated with either explicit or implicit trait self-esteem. whereas the effect of social exclusion on explicit state self-esteem was moderated with both explicit and implicit trait self-esteem. Conclusion: The effect of social exclusion on explicit state self-esteem was moderated such that explicit state self-esteem of participants with either high implicit or low explicit trait self-esteem was less vulnerable to the experience of social exclusion. Differences of explicit and implicit state self-esteem in response to social exclusion in different levels of explicit and implicit trait self-esteem need further investigation.
