با همکاری مشترک دانشگاه پیام نور و انجمن روانشناسی اجتماعی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

گروه روان شناسی، واحد بویین زهرا، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بویین زهرا، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی اثر دلیل­های منطقی بر تصمیم­گیری ­های اخلاقی انجام گرفته است. روش: بدین منظورفراخوان شرکت در پژوهش به 75000 نشانی ایمیل ساکنان شهر تهران و حومه فرستاده شد که 765 نفر داوطلب شرکت در این پژوهش شدند. ابزار پژوهش یک دوراهی اخلاقی بود. در یک طرح آزمایشی از آزمودنی ­ها خواسته شد که بگویند اگر در این دوراهی اخلاقی بودند، کدام یک از دو راه را بر می­ گزیدند (تصمیم نخستین). سپس آزمودنی­ها به صورت تصادفی به سه گروه گمارده شدند: به یک گروه دلیل­ های موافق تصمیم نخستین داده شد، به یک گروه دلیل­ های مخالف تصمیم نخستین داده شد، و به یک گروه همه دلیل ­ها (موافق و مخالف) داده شد. از آزمودنی­ها خواسته شد که این دلیل ­ها را ارزیابی کنند. سپس از آزمودنی­ها خواسته شد که دوباره یکی از دو راه را برگزینند (تصمیم پایانی). یافته ها:آزمون دقیق فیشر، تحلیل رگرسیون لُجیستیک، و تحلیل واریانس نشان داد که تعداد بسیار کمی از آزمودنی­ها پس از بررسی دلیل­ها تصمیم نخستین خود را تغییر دادند، تصمیم نخستین، بخش بزرگی از واریانس تصمیم پایانی را تبیین کرد، و آزمودنی­ها دلیل­ های موافق تصمیم نخستین خود را بهتر از دلیل­ های مخالف آن ارزیابی کردند. نتیجه گیری: این یافته ­ها نشان می­ دهند که دلیل­ های منطقی کمکی به تغییر تصمیم ­های اخلاقی مردم نمی­ کنند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Ineffectiveness of Rational Reasons in Changing Moral Decisions

نویسنده [English]

  • ebrahim ahmadi

Department of Psychology, Buinzahra Branch, Islamic Azad University, Buinzahra, Iran

چکیده [English]

Introduction:The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of rational reasons on ethical decision making.Method: In order to investigate the effect of rational reasons on moral decisions, the call for participatingin this study was sent to 75000 email addresses of residents of Tehran and thesuburbs, which 765 volunteers participated in the study. The research tool was a moral dilemma. In an experimental design, the participants were asked to say which option they would choose if they were in this moral dilemma (their initial decision). Then the participants were randomly assigned itnto three groups: one group was given the reasons confirmingtheir initial decision, the secondgroup was given the reasons opposing their initial decision, and the thirdgroup was given all reasons (confirmingand opposing). Participants were asked to evaluate these reasons. Then theywere asked to choose one of the two options again (their final decision). Results: Fisher's exact test, logistic regression analysis, and variance analysis showed that afew participants changed their initial decision after examining the reasons; the initial decision explained a large proportion of the final decision's variance, and participants evaluated affirming reasons better than opposing ones. These findings suggest that rational reasons do not help to change the people's moral decisions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Feeling
  • moral choice
  • moral decision
  • moral dilemma
  • reason
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