با همکاری مشترک دانشگاه پیام نور و انجمن روانشناسی اجتماعی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه گیلان، گیلان، ایران .

2 دانشیار، گروه روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه گیلان، گیلان، ایران.

3 دانشیار گروه روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه گیلان، گیلان، ایران .

چکیده

مقدمه: عدم‌صداقت، رفتار فراگیری است که همراه با منفعت شخصی و زیان رساندن به‌فرد، گروه دیگر یا جامعه است. بنابراین هدف این پژوهش سنجش گروهی میزان و انگیزه‌های عدم‌صداقت و مقایسه آن در مردان و زنان است.
روش: پژوهش حاضر به‌صورت طرح پس‌آزمون با دو گروه مردان و زنان (مطالعه تک‌ضربه ای) انجام می‌شود. جامعه‌ آماری متشکل از دانشجویان مقطع کارشناسی دانشگاه گیلان است. نمونه پژوهش حاضر شامل 189 دانشجو است که به‌روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند و براساس ملاک‌های ورود و خروج انتخاب شده و در دو گروه مردان (92 نفر) و زنان ( 97نفر) قرار گرفتند و از روش پرتاپ تاس (فیشباخر، 2013) برای سنجش میزان و انگیزه‌های عدم‌صداقت استفاده شد و داده‌های حاصل با کمک آزمون دوجمله‌ای تحلیل شد. به‌منظور مقایسه‌ی میزان و انگیزه‌های عدم‌صداقت در دو جنس به‌ترتیب از آزمون t مستقل و آزمون خی‌دو استقلال استفاده شد.
یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان‌ می‌دهد که بخش قابل‌توجهی از مردان (z=4.78, df=91, p<0.001)، زنان (z=1.71, df=96, p<0.05) و کل شرکت‌کنندگان (z=4.66, df=188, p<0.001) با انگیزه‌ «انسان اقتصادی» دست‌به رفتار عدم‌صداقت زده‌اند. انگیزه‌ «تصویر منِ‌صادق» در مردان (z=1.15, df=91, p<0.045)و رفتار محافظه‌کارانه در زنان (z=1.71, df=96, p<0.05) در مواجهه با رفتار عدم‌صداقت مشاهده شد. همچنین مردان و زنان در میزان رفتار عدم‌صداقت (t=1.15, df=187, p<0.175) و انگیزه‌ انسان اقتصادی (χ²=2.805, df = ... ,p<0.093) تفاوت معناداری نداشتند.
نتیجه‌گیری: باتوجه به یافته‌ها، دستیابی به سود حداکثر، در افراد برانگیزاننده‌ی رفتار عدم‌صداقت است و هچنین در مردان و زنان به ترتیب ارائه تصویر صادقانه از خویشتن و رفتار محافظه‌کارانه نمود بیشتری دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Aggregate Measurement of Dishonesty Rate and Motivations and its Comparison in Men and Women: An Experimental Study

نویسندگان [English]

  • Javid Takjoo 1
  • Iraj Shakerinia 2
  • Seyed vali ollah Mousavi 2
  • Sajjad Rezaei 3

1 PhD student in Psychology, University of Guilan, Guilan, Iran.

2 Associate Prof, Department of Psychology, University of Guilan, Guilan, Iran.

3 Associate Prof, Department of Psychology, University of Guilan, Guilan, Iran .

چکیده [English]

Introduction: Dishonesty is a pervasive behavior that occurs in various contexts. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to measure the rate and motivations of dishonesty in aggregate and compare it in both genders.
Method: The current research conducted using one-shot study design. The statistical population consists of all undergraduate students of University of Guilan. The present study includes 189 students who were selected by purposeful sampling and based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were divided into two groups: men (92 people) and women (97 people). The Dice-rolling method was used to measure the rate and motivations of dishonesty. The resulting data were analyzed by binomial test. The Independent t test and the Chi-square test of independence was used to compare the rate and motivations of dishonesty in both genders respectively.
Finding: The results indicate that a significant proportion of men (z=4.78, df=91, p< 0.001), women (z=1.71, df=96, p<0.05), and the total participants (z=4.66, df=188, p<0.001) engaged in dishonest behavior with economical motivation. The honest-image motivation was observed in men (z =1.15, df=91, p<0.045), while a conservative approach to dishonest behavior was observed in women (z=1.71, df=96, p<0.05). Furthermore, no significant difference was found between men and women in the rate of dishonest behavior (t=1.15,df=187, p<0.175) or in the economical motivation (χ²=2.805, df=1, p<0.093).
Conclusion: Based on the findings, maximizing personal gain is a motivator for dishonest behavior. Additionally, maintaining an honest self-image is more prominent in men, while a conservative approach is more evident in women

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Dishonesty
  • Gender
  • Economical Motivation
  • Honest-Image Motivation
  • Disadvantageous lie
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