بررسی نقش واسطه‌ای گرایش به انتقام در رابطه بین هویت اخلاقی و مهارگری تلاشگر با رفتارهای ضداجتماعی در نوجوانان

طراویان, سارا; نیکدل, فریبرز; تقوایی نیا, علی

doi:10.30473/sc.2025.72751.3026

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

¹ کارشناس ارشد روان‌شناسی تربیتی، گروه روانشناسی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه یاسوج، یاسوج، ایران.

² دانشیار گروه روان‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه یاسوج، یاسوج، ایران.

³ دانشیار گروه روانشناسی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه یاسوج، یاسوج، ایران

10.30473/sc.2025.72751.3026

چکیده

هدف از پژوهش حاضر، بررسی نقش واسطه‌ای گرایش به انتقام در رابطه بین هویت اخلاقی و مهارگری تلاشگر با رفتارهای ضداجتماعی در نوجوانان شهر شیراز بود. جامعه آماری شامل تمامی دانش‌آموزان مقطع متوسطه دوم بود که از این جامعه، نمونه‌ای به حجم 567 نفر به روش تصادفی خوشه‌ای چند مرحله‌ای انتخاب و پرسشنامه‌های هویت اخلاقی (آکینو و رید، 2002)، مهارگری تلاشگر (الیس و رتبارت، 2001)، گرایش به انتقام (فلورس-کاماچو و همکاران، 2022) و رفتارهای ضداجتماعی (بارت و دونلان، 2009) در میان آنان توزیع گردید. ارزیابی مدل پیشنهادی با استفاده از تحلیل مسیر انجام گرفت. یافته‌ها نشان داد الگوی پیشنهادی از برازش خوبی با داده‌ها برخوردار است. نتایج نشان داد مسیرهای هویت اخلاقی به گرایش به انتقام، هویت اخلاقی به رفتارهای ضداجتماعی، گرایش به انتقام به رفتارهای ضداجتماعی معنی‌دار و مسیرهای مهارگری تلاشگر به گرایش به انتقام و مهارگری تلاشگر به رفتارهای ضداجتماعی غیرمعنی‌دار می‌باشد. همچنین دیگر یافته‌های پژوهش نشان داد گرایش به انتقام در رابطه میان هویت اخلاقی و رفتارهای ضداجتماعی نقش واسطه‌ای دارد اما گرایش به انتقام در رابطه میان مهارگری تلاشگر و رفتارهای ضداجتماعی نقش واسطه‌ای ندارد. بنابراین برای کمک به دانش‌آموزان در جلوگیری از رفتارهای ضداجتماعی، توصیه می‌شود برنامه‌های آموزشی متمرکز بر تقویت هویت اخلاقی و کاهش گرایش به انتقام در نظر گرفته شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

روانشناسی تربیتی

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Mediating Role of Vengeful Tendencies in the Relationship between Moral Identity and Effortful Control with Antisocial Behaviors in Adolescents

نویسندگان [English]

Sara Taravian ¹
Fariborz Nikdel ²
Ali Taghvaie Nia ³

¹ MSc in educational psychology, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, University of Yasuj, Yasuj, Iran.

² Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities,University of Yasuj, Yasuj, Iran.

³ Associate Professor of Psychology, College of Humanities, Yasouj University, Yasouj, Iran.

چکیده [English]

The aim of the present study was to the mediating role of vengeful tendencies in the relationship between moral identity and effortful control with antisocial behaviors in adolescents. Statistics included all high school students and samples of 567 people were selected by random multi-stage cluster method and the questionnaire of moral identity identity (Aquino & Reed, 2002), effortful control (Ellis & Rothbart, 2001), vengeful tendencies (Flores-Camacho et al., 2022) and antisocial behaviors (Burt & Donnellan, 2009) were distributed among the atatistic sample. Evaluation of the proposed model was done using path analysis. The findings showed that the proposed model has a good fit with the data. The results showed that the paths of moral identity to the vengeful tendencies, moral identity to antisocial behaviors, vengeful tendencies to antisocial behaviors are significant, and paths of effortful control to vengeful tendencies and effortful control to antisocial behaviors are insignificant. Also, other findings of the research showed that the vengeful tendencies has a mediating role in the relationship between moral identity and antisocial behaviors, but the vengeful tendencies does not has a mediating role in the relationship between effortful control and antisocial behaviors. Therefore, to help students prevent antisocial behavior, it is recommended to consider educational programs to strengthen morals and reduce the vengeful tedencies.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Adolescents
Antisocial Behaviors
Effortful Control
Moral Identity
Vengeful Tendencies

مراجع

Acosta, M., Pirani, S., Garcia, A., Wainwright, K., & Osman, A. (2020). Evaluation of the psychometric properties of the Multidimensional Revenge Attitudes Inventory-21. Psychological assessment, 32(12), 1172-1183. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/pas0000951

Akhondi M, Moradinasab M, Boloorsaz-Mashhadi H, Ehsanpour F, Poraghaiee S. (2020). The Prediction of Marital Forgiveness based on Emotional Regulation, Attachment to God and Religion-based Coping Strategy in Women with Domestic Violence Experience. Journal of Pizhūhish dar dīn va salāmat, 6(2), 115-128. https://doi.org/10.22037/jrrh.v6i2.22964

Álvarez-García, D., González-Castro, P., Núñez, J. C., Rodríguez, C., & Cerezo, R. (2019). Impact of family and friends on antisocial adolescent behavior: The mediating role of impulsivity and empathy. Frontiers in psychology, 10, 2071. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02071

Aquino, K., & Reed II, A. (2002). The self-importance of moral identity. Journal of personality and social psychology, 83(6), 1423-1440. https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.83.6.1423

Bakker, M. P., Ormel, J., Verhulst, F. C., & Oldehinkel, A. J. (2011). Adolescent family adversity and mental health problems: the role of adaptive self-regulation capacities. The TRAILS study. Journal of abnormal child psychology, 39(3), 341-350. Dio: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-010-9470-6

Balliet, D., & Pronk, T. M. (2013). Personality, self-control, and welfare-tradeoff ratios in revenge and forgiveness. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 36(1), 16-75. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x12000349

Barclay, L. J., Whiteside, D. B., & Aquino, K. (2014). To avenge or not to avenge? Exploring the interactive effects of moral identity and the negative reciprocity norm. Journal of business ethics, 121, 15-28. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-013-1674-6

Barriga, A. Q., Morrison, E. M., Liau, A. K., & Gibbs, J. C. (2001). Moral cognition: Explaining the gender difference in antisocial behavior. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 47(4), 532–562. https://doi.org/10.1353/mpq.2001.0020

Baumeister, R. F., & Heatherton, T. F. (1996). Self-regulation failure: An overview. Psychological inquiry, 7(1), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327965pli0701_1

Bishop D, & Rutter M. (2008). Neurodevelopmental disorders: conceptual issues. In M Rutter, DVM Bishop, DS Pine, S Scott, J Stevenson, E Taylor, A Thapar (Eds.), Rutter’s Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (pp. 32–41). Oxford, UK: Blackwell.

Boegershausen, J., Aquino, K, & Reed II, A. (2015). Moral identity. Current Opinion in Psychology, 6(1), 162–166. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2015.07.017

Boyer, T. W. (2006). The development of risk-taking: A multi-perspective review. Developmental review, 26(3), 291-345. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dr.2006.05.002

Browne, M. W., & Cudeck, R. (1992). Alternative ways of assessing model fit. Sociological methods & research, 21(2), 230-258. https://doi.org/10.1177/0049124192021002005

Buckner, J. C., Mezzacappa, E., & Beardslee, W. R. (2009). Self‐regulation and its relations to adaptive functioning in low income youths. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 79(1), 19-30. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0014796

Burnette, J. L., Davisson, E. K., Finkel, E. J., Van Tongeren, D. R., Hui, C. M., & Hoyle, R. H. (2014). Self-control and forgiveness: A meta-analytic review. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 5(4), 443-450. https://doi.org/10.1177/1948550613502991

Burt, S. A., & Donnellan, M. B. (2009). Development and validation of the Subtypes of Antisocial Behavior Questionnaire. Aggressive Behavior: Official Journal of the International Society for Research on Aggression, 35(5), 376-398. https://doi.org/10.1002/ab.20314

Bushman, B. J., & Anderson, C. A. (2001). Is it time to pull the plug on hostile versus instrumental aggression dichotomy?. Psychological review, 108(1), 273. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295x.108.1.273

Caspi A,Wright BRE, Moffitt TE, Silva PA. (1998). Early failure in the labor market: childhood and adolescent predictors of unemployment in the transition to adulthood. Am Sociol Rev, 63(3), 424–451. https://doi.org/10.2307/2657557

Chester, D. S., & DeWall, C. N. (2016). The pleasure of revenge: retaliatory aggression arises from a neural imbalance toward reward. Social cognitive and affective neuroscience, 11(7), 1173-1182. https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fscan%2Fnsv082

Cheung, T. T., Gillebaart, M., Kroese, F., & De Ridder, D. (2014). Why are people with high self-control happier? The effect of trait self-control on happiness as mediated by regulatory focus. Frontiers in psychology, 5, 722. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00722

Choe, S. Y., & Read, S. J. (2019). Perceived parental psychological control has indirect effects on aggression via need satisfaction and motivation for revenge. Journal of social and personal relationships, 36(9), 2857-2879. https://doi.org/10.1177/0265407518796325

Cipriano, E. A., & Stifter, C. A. (2010). Predicting preschool effortful control from toddler temperament and parenting behavior. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 31(3), 221-230. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appdev.2010.02.004

Colby, A., & Damon, W. (1992). Some do care: Contemporary lives of moral commitment. New York, NY: Free Press.

Costello, E. J., & Angold, A. (2000). Bad behavior: An historical perspective on disorders of conduct. In J. Hill & B. Maughan (Eds.), Conduct disorders in childhood and adolescence (pp. 1–31). Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.

Crocetti, E., Van der Graaff, J., Moscatelli, S., Keijsers, L., Koot, H. M., Rubini, M., ... & Branje, S. (2016). A longitudinal study on the effects of parental monitoring on adolescent antisocial behaviors: The moderating role of adolescent empathy. Frontiers in psychology, 7, 1726. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01726

Delalatgar Langroude K, Hosseinkhanzadeh A A, Taher M, Mojarrad A. (2018). The Role of Emotionality and Self-control Ability in Explaining Risk Behaviors in Students . J Child Ment Health, 5 (1), 25-35. [In Persian] http://childmentalhealth.ir/article-1-273-fa.html

DeLisi, M., & Vaughn, M. G. (2015). Ingredients for criminality require genes, temperament, and psychopathic personality. Journal of Criminal Justice, 43(4), 290-294. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2015.05.005

Dodge, K. A. (1991). The structure and function of reactive and proactive aggression. In D. J. Pepler, & K. H. Rubin (Eds.), The development and treatment of childhood aggression (pp. 201–218). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Dodge, K. A., Coie, J. D., Lynam, D., Damon, W., Lerner, R. M., & Eisenberg, N. (2008). Aggression and antisocial behavior in youth. Child and adolescent development: An advanced course, 437-472.

Dou, K., Chen, L. Y., Li, Y. Y., Lin, X. Q., Yuan, X. Q., & Li, J. B. (2024). The longitudinal associations between nonviolent/violent stressful life events, moral disengagement, and online aggression in Chinese young people through the lens of general aggression model. Psychology of Violence, 14(5), 364-372. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/vio0000533

Dyduch-Hazar, K., & Mrozinski, B. (2021). Opposite associations of collective narcissism and in-group satisfaction with intergroup aggression via belief in the hedonistic function of revenge. Plos one, 16(3), e0247814. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0247814

Ellis, L. K., & Rothbart, M. K. (2001). Revision of the early adolescent temperament questionnaire. In Poster presented at the 2001 biennial meeting of the society for research in child development, Minneapolis, Minnesota.

Elshout, M., Nelissen, R. M., & Van Beest, I. (2015). A prototype analysis of vengeance. Personal Relationships, 22(3), 502-523. https://doi.org/10.1111/pere.12092

Elster, J. (1990). Norms of revenge. Ethics, 100(4), 862-885. https://doi.org/10.1086/293238

Evans, D. E., & Rothbart, M. K. (2007). Developing a model for adult temperament. Journal of research in personality, 41(4), 868-888. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2006.11.002

Evans-Chase, M. (2014). Addressing trauma and psychosocial development in juvenile justice-involved youth: A synthesis of the developmental neuroscience, juvenile justice and trauma literature. Laws, 3(4), 744-758. https://doi.org/10.3390/laws3040744

Evans-Chase, M., & Zhou, H. (2014). A systematic review of the juvenile justice intervention literature: What it can (and cannot) tell us about what works with delinquent youth. Crime & Delinquency, 60(3), 451-470. https://doi.org/10.1177/0011128712466931

Fergusson, D. M., John Horwood, L., & Ridder, E. M. (2005). Show me the child at seven: the consequences of conduct problems in childhood for psychosocial functioning in adulthood. Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, 46(8), 837-849. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2004.00387.x

Finkel, E. J., and Campbell, W. K. (2001). Self-control and accommodation in close relationships: an interdependence analysis. J. Personal. Soc. Psycho. 81, 263–277. https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.81.2.263

Flores-Camacho, A. L., Castillo-Verdejo, D. L., & Penagos-Corzo, J. C. (2022). Development and Validation of a Brief Scale of Vengeful Tendencies (BSVT-11) in a Mexican Sample. Behavioral Sciences, 12(7), 215. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs12070215

Fluck, J. (2017). Why do students bully? An analysis of motives behind violence in schools. Youth & Society, 49(5), 567-587. https://doi.org/10.1177/0044118X14547876

Frimer, J. A., & Walker, L. J. (2009). Reconciling the self and morality: An empirical model of moral centrality development. Developmental Psychology, 45(6), 1669-1681. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0017418

Garson, G. D. (2007). Testing of assumptions. Retrieved from: http://www2.chass.ncsu.edu/garson/pa765/assumpt.htm

Ghamary, H., Sadeghi, M., & Nader Pileh Rood, M. (2014). Bkhshshdrmany check the internal and external control anger teenage boys juvenile institution in Tehran. Crime Prevention Studies, 1393(30), 97-120. [In Persian] http://cps.jrl.police.ir/article_13619.html

Gordon, J. A., Diehl, R. L., & Anderson, L. (2012). Does ADHD matter? Examining attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder on the likelihood of recidivism among detained youth. Journal of Offender Rehabilitation, 51(8), 497-518. https://doi.org/10.1080/10509674.2012.702714

Gottfredson, M. R., & Hirschi, T. (1990). A general theory of crime. Stanford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1515/9781503621794

Hardy, S. A. (2006). Identity, reasoning, and emotion: An empirical comparison of three sources of moral motivation. Motivation and Emotion, 30(3), 205-213. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11031-006-9034-9

Hardy, S. A., & Carlo, G. (2011). Moral identity: What is it, how does it develop, and is it linked to moral action?. Child development perspectives, 5(3), 212-218. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-8606.2011.00189.x

Hardy, S. A., Bean, D. S., & Olsen, J. A. (2015). Moral identity and adolescent prosocial and antisocial behaviors: Interactions with moral disengagement and self-regulation. Journal of youth and adolescence, 44(8), 1542-1554. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-014-0172-1

Hardy, S. A., Bhattacharjee, A., Reed II, A., & Aquino, K. (2010). Moral identity and psychological distance: The case of adolescent parental socialization. Journal of adolescence, 33(1), 111-123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2009.04.008

Hardy, S. A., Krettenauer, T., & Hunt, N. (2020). Moral identity development. In L. A. Jensen (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of moral development: An interdisciplinary perspective (pp.128–144). Oxford University Press.

Hardy, S. A., Walker, L. J., Olsen, J. A., Woodbury, R. D., & Hickman, J. R. (2014). Moral identity as moral ideal self: links to adolescent outcomes. Developmental psychology, 50(1), 45-57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0033598

Heatherton, T. F., & Baumeister, R. F. (1996). Self-regulation failure: Past, present, and future. Psychological inquiry, 7(1), 90-98. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327965pli0701_20

Hertz, S. G., & Krettenauer, T. (2016). Does moral identity effectively predict moral behavior?: A meta-analysis. Review of General Psychology, 20(2), 129-140. https://doi.org/10.1037/gpr0000062

Hofmann, W., Friese, M., & Strack, F. (2009). Impulse and self-control from a dual-systems perspective. Perspectives on psychological science, 4(2), 162-176. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6924.2009.01116.x

Jackson, J. C., Choi, V. K., & Gelfand, M. J. (2019). Revenge: A multilevel review and synthesis. Annual Review of Psychology, 70, 319-345. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-010418-103305

Jacoby, S. (1983). Wild Justice: The evolution of Revenge. New York: Harper and Row.

Jaffee, S. R., Caspi, A., Moffitt, T. E., Polo-Tomas, M., Price, T. S., & Taylor, A. (2004). The limits of child effects: evidence for genetically mediated child effects on corporal punishment but not on physical maltreatment. Developmental psychology, 40(6), 1047-1058. https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.40.6.1047

Kaplan, H. I., Sadock, B. J. (2015). Kaplan & Sadock's synopsis of psychiatry: behavioral sciences/clinical psychiatry (Vol. 2015, pp. 648-655). Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer.

Keramati, H., Motaharnejad, E., Kadivar, P., & Arabzade, M. (2021). Investigating of factor structure, validity and reliability of the Effortful Control Scale (ECS) in Iranian adolescents. Journal of Psychological Science, 20(102), 837-848. [In Persian] http://dorl.net/dor/20.1001.1.17357462.1400.20.102.12.9

King, K. M., Lengua, L. J., & Monahan, K. C. (2013). Individual differences in the development of self-regulation during pre-adolescence: Connections to context and adjustment. Journal of abnormal child psychology, 41(1), 57-69. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-012-9665-0

Kivivuori, J., Savolainen, J., & Aaltonen, M. (2016). The revenge motive in delinquency: Prevalence and predictors. Acta sociologica, 59(1), 69-84. https://doi.org/10.1177/0001699315607969

Kline, R. B. (2005). Principles and practices of structural equation modeling (2^nd Eds.). New York: Guilford.

Kochanska, G., & Knaack, A. (2003). Effortful control as a personality characteristic of young children: Antecedents, correlates, and consequences. Journal of personality, 71(6), 1087-1112. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-6494.7106008

Lajunen, T., & Summala, H. (2003). Can we trust self-reports of driving? Effects of impression management on driver behaviour questionnaire responses. Transportation research part F: traffic psychology and behaviour, 6(2), 97-107. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1369-8478(03)00008-1

Lefranc, S. (2017). La venganza de las víctimas. Revista de estudios sociales, (59), 140-144. https://dx.doi.org/10.7440/res59.2017.12

Lengua, L. J. (2002). The contribution of emotionality and self‐regulation to the understanding of children’s response to multiple risk. Child development, 73(1), 144-161. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8624.00397

Li, J., Du, Q., & Gao, X. (2020). Adolescent aggression and violent video games: The role of moral disengagement and parental rearing patterns. Children and Youth Services Review, 118, 105370. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.105370

Liu, H., & Li, H. (2020). Self-control modulates the behavioral response of interpersonal forgiveness. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 472. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00472

Luthar, S. S., Cicchetti, D., & Becker, B. (2000). The construct of resilience: A critical evaluation and guidelines for future work. Child development, 71(3), 543-562. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8624.00164

Lyons, J.S., Baerger, D.R., Quigley, P., Erlich, J., & Griffin, E. (2001). Mental health service
needs of juvenile offenders: A comparison of detention, incarceration, and treatment
settings. Children's Services: Social Policy, Research, and Practice, 4(2), 69–85. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15326918CS0402_2

Majdabadi, Z. (2017). Factor structure and internal consistency of a moral identity scale. Developmental Psychology: Iranian Psychologists, 14(54), 147-153.[In Persian] https://sanad.iau.ir/Journal/jip/Article/1054619/FullText

Makinde, O., Österman, K., & Björkqvist, K. (2018). The association between sleep deprivation, aggression, and antisocial behavior in adolescents in Ejigbo, Lagos, Nigeria. European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, 8(2), 137-144. https://doi.org/10.26417/ejis.v4i1.p154-158

Moradi, A., & Mohammadifar, N. (2020). An Examination of the Effect of Moral Values on People's Desire for Benevolent Behaviors in the Context of the Corona Virus Case study: Kermanshah. Journal of Islam and Social Studies, 8(31), 149-182. https://doi.org/10.22081/jiss.2021.58974.1706

Odgers, C.L., Moffitt, T.E., Broadbent, J.M., Dickson, N., Hancox, R.J., Harrington, H., et al.
(2008). Female and male antisocial trajectories: From childhood origins to adult outcomes. Development and Psychopathology, 20(2), 673–716. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954579408000333

Pozzoli, T., Gini, G., & Thornberg, R. (2016). Bullying and defending behavior: The role of explicit and implicit moral cognition. Journal of school psychology, 59, 67-81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsp.2016.09.005

Pratt, M. W., Arnold, M. L., & Lawford, H. (2009). Growing towards care: A narrative approach to prosocial moral identity and generativity of personality in emerging adulthood. In D. Narvaez & D. K. Lapsley (Eds.), Personality, identity, and character: Explorations in moral psychology (pp. 295–315). New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.

Pratt, M. W., Hunsberger, B., Pancer, S. M., & Alisat, S. (2003). A longitudinal analysis of personal values socialization: Correlates of a moral self‐ideal in late adolescence. Social development, 12(4), 563-585. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9507.00249

Pronk, T. M., & Righetti, F. (2015). How executive control promotes happy relationships and a well-balanced life. Current Opinion in Psychology, 1, 14-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2014.11.016

Pronk, T. M., Karremans, J. C., Overbeek, G., Vermulst, A. A., & Wigboldus, D. H. (2010). What it takes to forgive: When and why executive functioning facilitates forgiveness. Journal of personality and social psychology, 98(1), 119. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0017875

Purwono, U., French, D. C., Eisenberg, N., & Christ, S. (2019). Religiosity and effortful control as predictors of antisocial behavior in Muslim Indonesian adolescents: Moderation and mediation models. Psychology of Religion and Spirituality, 11(1), 55-64. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/rel0000178

Raine, A. (2008). From genes to brain to antisocial behavior. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 17(5), 323-328. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8721.2008.00599.x

Restubog, S. L. D., Zagenczyk, T. J., Bordia, P., Bordia, S., & Chapman, G. J. (2015). If you wrong us, shall we not revenge? Moderating roles of self-control and perceived aggressive work culture in predicting responses to psychological contract breach. Journal of Management, 41(4), 1132-1154. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206312443557

Roose, A., Bijttebier, P., Van der Oord, S., Claes, L., & Lilienfeld, S. O. (2013). Psychopathic traits in youth and associations with temperamental features: Results from a performance-based measure. Journal of Individual Differences, 34(1), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1027/1614-0001/a000090

Rothbart, M. K. (2011). Becoming who we are: Temperament and personality in development. New York, NY: Guilford Press.

Rothbart, M. K., & Bates, J. E. (2006). Temperament. In W. Damon, & N. Eisenberg (Eds.), Handbook of child psychology: Vol. 3. Social, emotional, and personality development (6th ed., pp. 105–176). New York: Wiley.

Saadu, U. T. (2024). Teachers' knowledge and use of multiple disciplinary measures in curbing pupils' antisocial behaviour. ASEAN Journal of Community and Special Needs Education, 3(1), 29-40.

Shadjoo, R., Ghanbaripanah, A., Dortaj, F., & Ghasemi, M. (2022). Structural model of self-defeating behaviors based on the basic psychological needs, moral identity and emotional self-awareness of young girls. Journal of Applied Family Therapy, 3(3), 263-279. [In Persian] https://dor.isc.ac/dor/20.1001.1.27172430.1401.3.3.15.7

Stevenson, J. I. M., & Goodman, R. (2001). Association between behaviour at age 3 years and adult criminality. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 179(3), 197-202. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.179.3.197

Stoiber, K. C., & Good, B. (1998). Risk and resilience factors linked to problem behavior among urban, culturally diverse adolescents. School Psychology Review, 27(3), 380-397. https://doi.org/10.1080/02796015.1998.12085923

Sulik, M. J., Huerta, S., Zerr, A. A., Eisenberg, N., Spinrad, T. L., Valiente, C., ... & Taylor, H. B. (2010). The factor structure of effortful control and measurement invariance across ethnicity and sex in a high-risk sample. Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment, 32(1), 8-22. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10862-009-9164-y

Tangney, J. P., Baumeister, R. F., & Boone, A. L. (2004). High self‐control predicts good adjustment, less pathology, better grades, and interpersonal success. Journal of personality, 72(2), 271-324. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-3506.2004.00263.x

Taravian S, Nikdel F, Taghvaei Nia A. (2024). Examining the Psychometric Indicators of Antisocial Behavior Questionnaire in Iranian Teenagers. RBS, 22 (2), 288-300. http://rbs.mui.ac.ir/article-1-1725-fa.html

Taravian, S.; Nikdel, F.; Taghvaei Nia, A. (2023). Investigating the Mediating Role of Empathy and Vengeful Tendencies in the Relationship Between Moral Identity and Effortful Control with Antisocial Behaviors in High School Students of Shiraz. Master's Thesis, Yasuj University, Faculty of Humanities. [In Persian]

Teng, Z., Nie, Q., Zhu, Z., & Guo, C. (2020). Violent video game exposure and (Cyber) bullying perpetration among Chinese youth: The moderating role of trait aggression and moral identity. Computers in Human Behavior, 104, 106193. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2019.106193

Thornberg, R., Wänström, L., Pozzoli, T., & Hong, J. S. (2019). Moral disengagement and school bullying perpetration in middle childhood: A short-term longitudinal study in Sweden. Journal of school violence, 18(4), 585-596. https://doi.org/10.1080/15388220.2019.1636383

Vohs, K. D., & Heatherton, T. F. (2000). Self-regulatory failure: A resource-depletion approach. Psychological science, 11(3), 249-254. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9280.00250

Vohs, K. D., Finkenauer, C., & Baumeister, R. F. (2011). The sum of friends' and lovers' self-control scores predicts relationship quality. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 2(2), 138-145. https://doi.org/10.1177/1948550610385710

Walters, G. D. (2014). Pathways to early delinquency: Exploring the individual and collective contributions of difficult temperament, low maternal involvement, and externalizing behavior. Journal of Criminal Justice, 42(4), 321-326. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2014.04.003

Whipp, A. M., Korhonen, T., Raevuori, A., Heikkilä, K., Pulkkinen, L., Rose, R. J., ... & Vuoksimaa, E. (2019). Early adolescent aggression predicts antisocial personality disorder in young adults: a population-based study. European child & adolescent psychiatry, 28(3), 341-350. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-018-1198-9

Yildiz, M., Sensel, E., Yildiran, I., & Sensl, E. (2018). Prosocial and antisocial behaviors in sport: The roles of personality traits and moral identity. The Sport Journal, 21, 1-13.

Yoshimura, S. (2007). Goals and emotional outcomes of revenge activities in interpersonal relationships. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 24(1), 87-98. https://doi.org/10.1177/0265407507072592

شناخت اجتماعی

بررسی نقش واسطه‌ای گرایش به انتقام در رابطه بین هویت اخلاقی و مهارگری تلاشگر با رفتارهای ضداجتماعی در نوجوانان

مراجع

مراجع

دوره 13، شماره 26 - شماره پیاپی 26
آذر 1403

بررسی نقش واسطه‌ای گرایش به انتقام در رابطه بین هویت اخلاقی و مهارگری تلاشگر با رفتارهای ضداجتماعی در نوجوانان

مراجع

مراجع

دوره 13، شماره 26 - شماره پیاپی 26آذر 1403

دوره 13، شماره 26 - شماره پیاپی 26
آذر 1403