Research Paper
Ali Reza Pirkaefi; Davood Manavi poor
Volume 1, Issue 1 , June 2013, Pages 1-6
Abstract
Aims: This study aimed to compare students’ emotional intelligence with their problem-solving and flexibility ability. Method: The research method was ex pact facto and the sample included 78 male and female students who were randomly assigned to the experimental situation. ...
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Aims: This study aimed to compare students’ emotional intelligence with their problem-solving and flexibility ability. Method: The research method was ex pact facto and the sample included 78 male and female students who were randomly assigned to the experimental situation. Research instruments included Cattell Situation of Locus Cognition Test and Bar On Emotional Intelligence Test. Analysis of variance was used to analyze the data. Results: Results showed that the group with nonflexiblity and lack of problem – solving ability scored lower in emotional intelligence and its scale and the group with flexiblity and problem – solving ability scored higher in emotional intelligence and its scale. Conclusions: The findings showed that students with flexibility and problem-solving ability enjoyed higher emotional intelligence compared to the group who lacked these abilities. Therefore, the flexibility, problem solving ability and emotional intelligence are linked together and enable one to face challenges.
Research Paper
pegah Nejat; Javad Hatami
Volume 1, Issue 1 , June 2013, Pages 11-22
Abstract
Aims: Social cognition is divided into implicit and explicit arenas. Gawronski and Bodenhausen (2006)’s Associative-Propositional Evaluation model predicts that during the translation of a particular cognition from implicit to explicit, consistency of this specific implicit cognition with explicit ...
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Aims: Social cognition is divided into implicit and explicit arenas. Gawronski and Bodenhausen (2006)’s Associative-Propositional Evaluation model predicts that during the translation of a particular cognition from implicit to explicit, consistency of this specific implicit cognition with explicit versions of other cognitions is examined and the more consistency is found, the less necessity will be to modify this cognition, and therefore, the resulting explicit version will have a stronger relationship with its original implicit version. This study aimed to test this hypothesis in the context of three cognitions of gender identity, major identity, and gender-major stereotype. In addition, investigation of the moderating role of consistency with other implicit cognitions in the implicit-explicit relationship was pursued as an exploratory objective. Method: One hundred and ninety-two undergraduate students from two universities in Tehran (half humanities and half math-engineering, half female and half male) participated in this correlational study. The three cognitions were measured both indirectly using Implicit Association Test (Greenwald, McGhee & Schwartz, 1998), and directly using Likert questions. For each cognition, hierarchical regression analyses were applied to test the moderating role of cognitive consistency. Results: Neither consistency with other explicit cognitions nor consistency with other implicit cognitions significantly moderated the relationship between implicit and explicit versions of either gender identity or major identity. In case of stereotype, whereas consistency with other explicit cognitions was not a significant moderator, consistency with other implicit cognitions was marginally significant. Conclusion: Gawronski & Bodenhausen (2006)’s theory was not confirmed for any of the three cognitions. As for the stereotype, the results indicated that two processes other than the one depicted in this theory might be involved in the construction of explicit stereotype: one process based on the other explicit cognitions, and the other based on the consistency between the three cognitions in the implicit arena.
Research Paper
Mohammad Oruki; Seyyedeh Masoumeh Hosseininez Rezaei
Volume 1, Issue 1 , June 2013, Pages 23-33
Abstract
Aims: Addiction is a physical and mental disease, which because of its progressive nature endangers the health of individual and community in all aspects of life. This study aimed at comparing the personality characteristics and mental health of improved addicted individuals and drug addict`s ...
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Aims: Addiction is a physical and mental disease, which because of its progressive nature endangers the health of individual and community in all aspects of life. This study aimed at comparing the personality characteristics and mental health of improved addicted individuals and drug addict`s relapse in narcotic abuse. Method: It was an Ex Post Facto (Causal-Comparative) research and its statistical community comprised of 100 addicted individuals who had returned to the addiction withdrawal centers of Welfare Organization and also 100 improved individuals. The study took place during 4 months from July to October 2011. The Temperament and Character Inventory, Cloninger TCI (1991) questionnaire, was used for evaluating personality traits and the Psychological health questionnaire SCL-90-R (Derogatis; 1976) was used for evaluating Psychological health of people. Results and conclusion: The results showed a meaningful diffrence between mental health of improved addicted individuals and drug addict`s relapse in narcotic abuse. Also, the results showed that from among mental health factors, some factors such as hypochondriasis, depression, obsession (p
Research Paper
Mohsen Golparvar; Zahra Javadian; Zohre Esmailian Ardestani; Akram Ahmadi
Volume 1, Issue 1 , June 2013, Pages 41-51
Abstract
Aims: Given the high prevalence of stress and emotional distress caused by diabetes and also its negative effects on glycemic control in these patients, various methods of psychological intervention have been investigated. The present study aimed to investigate the impact of group psychosocial ...
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Aims: Given the high prevalence of stress and emotional distress caused by diabetes and also its negative effects on glycemic control in these patients, various methods of psychological intervention have been investigated. The present study aimed to investigate the impact of group psychosocial intervention on indices of mental and physical well-being in diabetic patients. Methods: All women with type2 diabetes in Yazd Diabetes Research Centre were considered as statistical community from which 80 women were selected by random sampling. They completed WBQ-12 questionnaire and diabetes-dependent quality of life questionnaire (ADDQOL) and then were introduced to lab for blood test. Data was analyzed by SPSS software and MANOVA. Results: Statistical analyses showed that the scores of experimental group on quality of life and psychosocial well-being were significantly higher in second stage than first stage. So HbA1c decreased in the experimental group but this difference was not significant. Conclusion: The results showed that group psychosocial intervention has positive effects on glycaemic control in diabetic patients and leads to well-being and better quality of life in these patients. But the effects of this intervention increases over time.
Research Paper
Mahnaz Aliakbari; Tayebeh Mohtashmi; Prasto Hasanzadeh
Volume 1, Issue 1 , June 2013, Pages 44-58
Abstract
Objective: the aim of this research was to study psychometric characteristics of masculinity and femininity factors in short form Bem`s Sex-Role Inventory with emphasis on factor analysis in Iranian population. Method: Statistical population of this research was included employed women and men in Tehran ...
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Objective: the aim of this research was to study psychometric characteristics of masculinity and femininity factors in short form Bem`s Sex-Role Inventory with emphasis on factor analysis in Iranian population. Method: Statistical population of this research was included employed women and men in Tehran City`s state companies, administrations and organizations that About 1000 employed women and men randomly selected by multi-phases clustering sampling from statistical population. Research tool was Bem`s Sex-Role Inventory. For studying the scale`s reliability was used of Cronbach`s alpha coefficient and for studying the scale`s validity used of exploratory factor analysis and Confirmatory factor analysis. Results: Cronbach`s alpha coefficient showed that Bem`s Sex-Role Inventory has high reliability in both masculinity and femininity factors and Confirmatory factor analysis showed that model has poor fitness in determining factors in the primary form expressed by Bem, while the results of 30 items` exploratory factor analysis showed three factors, masculinity, femininity and neutral with changing in some main items. Conclusion: Results show that not only some of femininity and masculinity traits have changed under culture and governing values on Iran society, but olso importance of masculine and feminine traits are under governing culture on society.
Research Paper
Davood Manavipour
Volume 1, Issue 1 , June 2013, Pages 59-65
Abstract
Aim: The purpose of this study was to compare the epistemology beliefs of students based on gender, educational levels, and disciplines. Method: The population included all the students of district 10 of Azad University who were selected using multistage cluster sampling. The research instrument was ...
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Aim: The purpose of this study was to compare the epistemology beliefs of students based on gender, educational levels, and disciplines. Method: The population included all the students of district 10 of Azad University who were selected using multistage cluster sampling. The research instrument was Schommer’s epistemology belief questionnaire. Results: The results showed that the students of different disciplines have significant differences in simple epistemology beliefs and stable knowledge, but they do not have significant differences in other dimensions. The comparison of Epistemology belief based on educational level showed that except for simplicity of knowledge and awareness of everything, the other aspects are significantly different. The comparison of the two genders showed that girls believe in stability of knowledge more than males. But there was no difference in other dimensions. Conclusion: based on the results, the epistemological beliefs can be considered as one of the processes of social cognition.
Research Paper
Majid Safari nia; Hossein Zare; logman Hasani
Volume 1, Issue 1 , June 2013, Pages 66-76
Abstract
Aim: This study aimed at measuring the overall effectiveness of teaching critical thinking on resource control and reducing the cognitive imbalance (arousal) of second year high school male students of Baneh. Method: The study was experimental and the statistical population consisted of 40 ...
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Aim: This study aimed at measuring the overall effectiveness of teaching critical thinking on resource control and reducing the cognitive imbalance (arousal) of second year high school male students of Baneh. Method: The study was experimental and the statistical population consisted of 40 students in second year of high school in Baneh. The subjects were chosen by multiple-stage cluster method. The data was gathered by a standardized questionnaire - reducing inconsistencies DARQ Harmon - Jones (Saffari Nia & Zandi, 1389). Results: The results Showed a significant difference between locus of control of the experimental group and locus of control of the control group. That is, critical thinking can change some traits and characteristics which in this study was resource control. However, there was no significant difference between reducing cognitive imbalance of those who were taught critical thinking and those who were not. In this study, critical thinking not only did not reduce the level of imbalance, but increased it to some extent as well.
Research Paper
Mansour Beyrami; Touraj Hashemi Nosrat abad; Jaber Alizadeh Goradel; Hakimeh Alizadeh
Volume 1, Issue 1 , June 2013, Pages 77-84
Abstract
Aim: Human problems are significantly rooted in society. The aim of this study was prediction of social problem solving ability of students based on their cognive styles. Method: This research was descriptive correlation (prediction) study, which was performed on 500 students of Tabriz ...
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Aim: Human problems are significantly rooted in society. The aim of this study was prediction of social problem solving ability of students based on their cognive styles. Method: This research was descriptive correlation (prediction) study, which was performed on 500 students of Tabriz University who were selected by relational random method. Data were gathered by using Linda Dalberg et.al’s(1387) questionnaire of social problem solving and Kolab’s cognitive styles questionnaires. The data were analyzed by multiple regression, one way ANOVA, and Tooky tests . Results: The results showed that cognitive styles predicted changes on social problem solving up to 8 percent (p= 0/001). Cognitive Styles involved 4 types: divergent, assimilation, convergent, and accommodation cognitive styles which explained changes in social problem solving ability. Results also showed that significant differences in social problem solving are based on different cognitive styles. (p < 0/001). Conclusions: Based on the findings, we can say that considering the cognitive styles in social problem solving is necessary.
