Research Paper
Touraj Hashemi; Saiedeh Khalilzad Behrouzian; Naiemeh Mashinchi Abbasi
Volume 1, Issue 2 , June 2013, Pages 6-13
Abstract
Aims: Several studies have had different results about Alexithymia and the Theory of Mind in males and females. The aim of this study was to compare the rate of Alexithymia and Theory of Mind in under-graduate students. Method: In this comparative research, using convenience method, 284 undergraduate ...
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Aims: Several studies have had different results about Alexithymia and the Theory of Mind in males and females. The aim of this study was to compare the rate of Alexithymia and Theory of Mind in under-graduate students. Method: In this comparative research, using convenience method, 284 undergraduate students (123 male and 161 female) from different fields of study such as Humanities, Engineering, and Basic Science were selected. They were assessed through completed Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) as well as appraisal and computerized version of revised reading the mind in the eyes test. Data were analyzed using Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA). Results: The results revealed that there was a significant difference between both groups in Theory of mind and "external oriented thinking (EOT)" subscale of Alexithymia. Findings demonstrated that scores of male students were lower than the female students in TOM but in EOT subscale were higher than females. Conclusion: It can be concluded that female students are better in Theory of Mind and are less alexithymic than male students.
Research Paper
Mahmoud Kamali Zarch; Hossein Zare; Somayeh Alavi Langeroudi
Volume 1, Issue 2 , June 2013, Pages 14-31
Abstract
Aims: This study aimed at investigating the effect of critical thinking instruction on epistemological beliefs of B.A students of Yazd university in 2011-12 academic year. Method: The study was conducted by experimental method. The statistical population included 11052 B.A students of Yazd ...
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Aims: This study aimed at investigating the effect of critical thinking instruction on epistemological beliefs of B.A students of Yazd university in 2011-12 academic year. Method: The study was conducted by experimental method. The statistical population included 11052 B.A students of Yazd University. The sampling was conducted using random method of stage cluster sampling. The students were divided into the experimental and control groups randomly. The research instruments were Schomer's epistemological beliefs questionnaire (1992) and critical thinking training protocol. in six session longs two hours based on Paul(1984), Fisher(2005) and Mayers (1986) the treatment took six sessions of two hours long. Descriptive statistical indexes and analysis of covariance test were applied to test the research hypotheses. Results and conclusion: The results showed that the instruction of critical thinking enhanced epistemological beliefs of the experimental group more than the control group. Also in subscale levels of epistemological beliefs questionnaire, the statistical results showed that the instruction increased epistemological beliefs of students in: innate learning ability, the simplicity of epistemology, the determinism of epistemology and rapid learning. However, the results did not show a significance difference between males and females.
Research Paper
Ali Asghar Kako Jouybari; Farhad Shaghaghi; Majid Baradaran
Volume 1, Issue 2 , June 2013, Pages 32-39
Abstract
Aims: Theory of mind is one of the most important topics in social cognition, and since, it is a prerequisite to understand the social environment and involvement in competitive social behavior, in recent decades has gained attention in the field of psychology. Therefore, the main purpose of the present ...
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Aims: Theory of mind is one of the most important topics in social cognition, and since, it is a prerequisite to understand the social environment and involvement in competitive social behavior, in recent decades has gained attention in the field of psychology. Therefore, the main purpose of the present study was the development of social cognition in children based on the theory of mind and comparison of theory of mind in three groups of 3, 5 and 7 years old children. Method: 150 children from Rasht city were selected by multiphase cluster sampling and completed the theory of mind scale (TMS-38). Data were analyzed in α≤0.01 significance level by multivariate analysis of variance and follow-up test. Results: The results showed that there were significant differences in levels of theory of mind between the three groups. In this case, the older subjects compared with younger subjects, obtained higher scores at all levels of theory of mind. Conclusions: According to the findings, children together with increase in age in their evolution, achieve distinct levels of theory of mind.
Research Paper
Hossein Zare; Ahmad Alipour; Hamid Poursharifi; Mohammad Afkhami Ardakani; Khadijeh Aarab Sheybani
Volume 1, Issue 2 , June 2013, Pages 41-52
Abstract
Background: Given the high prevalence of stress and emotional distress caused by diabetes and also its negative effects on glycemic control in these patients, various methods of psychological intervention have been investigated. The present study aims to investigate the impact of group psychosocial intervention ...
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Background: Given the high prevalence of stress and emotional distress caused by diabetes and also its negative effects on glycemic control in these patients, various methods of psychological intervention have been investigated. The present study aims to investigate the impact of group psychosocial intervention on indices of mental and physical well-being in diabetic patients. Methods: All women with type2 diabetes in Yazd Diabetes Research Centre were considered as statistical community from which 80 women were selected by random sampling. They completed WBQ-12 questionnaire and diabetes-dependent quality of life questionnaire (ADDQOL) and then were introduced to lab for blood test. Data was analyzed by SPSS software and MANOVA. Findings: Statistical analysis showed that the scores of experimental group on quality of life and psychosocial well-being were significantly higher in second stage than first stage. So HbA1c was decreased in experimental group but this difference was not significant. Conclusion: The results showed that group psychosocial intervention has positive effects on glycaemic control in diabetic patients and leads to well-being and better quality of life in these patients. But these effects were increased the more time passes.
Research Paper
Mohammad Oraki; Chiman Jamali; Mehran Farajollahi; Ali Karimi Firouzjaei
Volume 1, Issue 2 , June 2013, Pages 52-61
Abstract
Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of relationship enrichment on the rate of compatibility of married students. Method: The study was a quasi- experimental study with pre-test and post-test design. The statistical population comprised of 30 university student couples ...
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Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of relationship enrichment on the rate of compatibility of married students. Method: The study was a quasi- experimental study with pre-test and post-test design. The statistical population comprised of 30 university student couples of Payame-Noor University of Uromieh. The couples were randomly divided into control (15 couples) and experimental groups (15 couples). The independent variable was relationship enrichment that was tested on experimental group in 10 sessions. The control group was not exposed to any variable. The research instrument was marital adjustment questionnaire. Results: the results showed that relationship enrichment is effective for couples’ compatibility, the aspects of which include: marital satisfaction, marital solidarity, couples agreement, and expression of love. Conclusion: Relationship enrichment increases the marital compatibility.
Research Paper
Karim Savari
Volume 1, Issue 2 , June 2013, Pages 62-68
Abstract
Aims: This study investigated the prevalence of academic procrastination among male and female students of Ahwaz Payame Noor University in the first semester of 1387 – 1388 academic year. Method: From among the 1200 students, 155 boys and 1045 girls were selected randomly as the subjects ...
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Aims: This study investigated the prevalence of academic procrastination among male and female students of Ahwaz Payame Noor University in the first semester of 1387 – 1388 academic year. Method: From among the 1200 students, 155 boys and 1045 girls were selected randomly as the subjects of the study. To collect the data, a questionnaire made by the researcher which consisted of 14 questions was used. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. Results and conclusion: The results indicated that the rate of academic procrastination is 17.2 among the Payam-Noor students of Ahvaz. Moreover, the rate of academic procrastination among male students, was 17.8 which was more than the female students, 17.03; however, the difference was not significant.
Research Paper
Fatemeh Samiee; Iran Baghban; Mohammad Reza Abedi; Alireza Sadeghian
Volume 1, Issue 2 , June 2013, Pages 69-80
Abstract
Aims: This study aimed at investigating the process of cognitive development of career aspirations among children. Method: For this purpose, 179 students (85 girls and 94 boys) from 5 educational areas of Isfahan were selected using multi-stage sampling procedure. The method of data collection ...
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Aims: This study aimed at investigating the process of cognitive development of career aspirations among children. Method: For this purpose, 179 students (85 girls and 94 boys) from 5 educational areas of Isfahan were selected using multi-stage sampling procedure. The method of data collection was semi-structural interview and data Analysis was done through descriptive analysis, variance analysis, and paired t-test. Results: The results showed that the difference in the career aspirations as well as the differences among different age groups and genders were significant (P<0/05). Conclusion: Although in both genders the development of aspirations was progressive, the rate of development in girls was higher than boys.
Research Paper
Fatemeh Shokri; Ahmad Alipour; Mojgan Agah Haris
Volume 1, Issue 2 , June 2013, Pages 81-92
Abstract
Aims: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral intervention based on procrastination on enhancing academic performance and self-esteem of female students in Payame Noor University. Method: 30 female students using excluding- including criterion were selected among volunteers ...
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Aims: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral intervention based on procrastination on enhancing academic performance and self-esteem of female students in Payame Noor University. Method: 30 female students using excluding- including criterion were selected among volunteers and were assigned randomly into two groups (experimental and control group). Prior to and after instructing the treatment, all participants completed all items of procrastination and self-esteem questionnaires. Also, the mean of the last academic term before intervention and the mean of the next academic term after intervention were collected for all the subjects. Data analyses were done by using SPSS version 16 and applying Co-variance method. Results: the results revealed that cognitive- behavioral intervention based on procrastination could significantly decrease procrastination and increases self-esteem and academic performance among participants in the experimental group in comparison to the control group (p<0.05).Conclusion: Cognitive- behavioral intervention based on procrastination decreases procrastination and increases academic performance and self-Esteem by using reconstruction of cognition, mindfulness and behavioral methods such as time management.
Research Paper
Mojgan Sepah Mansour; Elmira Memar; Masoumeh Azmoudeh
Volume 1, Issue 2 , June 2013, Pages 92-100
Abstract
Aims: This study investigated the relationship between self-esteem and self-efficacy with persuasion in educational managers. Method: The Population of this study consisted of all educational managers of Islamic Azad University in Tehran. 120 people (76 women and 44 men) were selected by multistage ...
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Aims: This study investigated the relationship between self-esteem and self-efficacy with persuasion in educational managers. Method: The Population of this study consisted of all educational managers of Islamic Azad University in Tehran. 120 people (76 women and 44 men) were selected by multistage cluster sampling. In order to measure their self-esteem, Koper Smith test (1967) was used and to measure self-efficacy, general self-efficacy beliefs test (Scherer et al, 1982) was used. The Persuasion was measured by applied intelligence Persuasion test (Sepah Mansour and Hooman, 1389). For data analysis, the Pearson correlation and Regression analysis were used. Results and conclusion: The results showed a significant positive correlation between persuasion with self-esteem and persuasion with self- efficacy. (r=0/771,r=0/494). Also the results showed that 59% of the variance associated with the persuasion can be explained with self-esteem (R2 = 0.594) and 24% of the variance in self- efficacy can be explained whit persuasion (R2 = 0.244). The results of the slope coefficients indicated that, in predicting persuasion, the share of self-esteem was more than self- efficacy . (β= 0.70).
Research Paper
Alireza Pirkhaefi
Volume 1, Issue 2 , June 2013, Pages 101-112
Abstract
Aim: This study aimed to determine the relationship between metacomponents of creativity and mental health in a nonclinical sample of students. Method: The study was performed with correlation and included 400 students from different fields of study: Humanities, Engineering, Science and Agriculture, ...
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Aim: This study aimed to determine the relationship between metacomponents of creativity and mental health in a nonclinical sample of students. Method: The study was performed with correlation and included 400 students from different fields of study: Humanities, Engineering, Science and Agriculture, and Veterinary Sciences of Islamic Azad University, Garmsar Branch. Research instruments included the Torrance Test of Creative Thinking (Form B-figural) and the Goldberg General Health Questionnaire. Results: Correlation and regression analysis of relations between creativity and signs of psychopathology suggested a significant negative relationship between them. From among the metacomponants of creativity, fluency and originality explained 46 to 57 percent of the variance of mental health. Although creativity and mental health levels were different among different disciplines. Humanities students enjoyed higher levels of creativity and mental health compared to other disciplines. Conclusion: Findings indicated that creativity was an effective variable on the mental health. Therefore, by stimulating and strengthening it mental health can be helped. The findings also revealed a pattern of creative empowerment for students. The applied pattern includes training the mind for fluency, originality, and personality building which cause students enjoy higher mental powers to deal with problem solving and adaptation.
