Ali Mstafaee; Akbar Rezaei; Maryam Goran
Abstract
Introduction: The present study aimed to standardize and evaluate the validity of the Barnett and Fanshav’s High School Stress Scale (HSSS) (1997). Method:This research was descriptive-survey in terms of method and was considered in the field of developmental research in terms of purpose. To perform ...
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Introduction: The present study aimed to standardize and evaluate the validity of the Barnett and Fanshav’s High School Stress Scale (HSSS) (1997). Method:This research was descriptive-survey in terms of method and was considered in the field of developmental research in terms of purpose. To perform the research, high school stress scale was carried out on 445 high school students, and Goldberg and Hiller’s general health questionnaire (1979) was administered to 150 male and female high school students who were selected through multistage cluster sampling. In order to determine the factorial validity, factor analysis was used and to verify the internal consistency,Cronbach Alpha Coefficient was used. Results: The results showed that the test consists of nine subscales. Subscales consists of stress education including teaching methods, teacher-student relations, the workload of school, vulnerabilityfeelings, personal organizing, school environment, achieving independence, anxiety about the future, and communication with parents.To check the convergent validity, General Health Questionnaire was used. The results showed the convergent validity fortwo tests. Conclusion: Overall, the results showed that the High School Stress Scale is a valid and reliable tool for measuring high school students' stress.
Karim Savari
Volume 1, Issue 2 , June 2013, , Pages 62-68
Abstract
Aims: This study investigated the prevalence of academic procrastination among male and female students of Ahwaz Payame Noor University in the first semester of 1387 – 1388 academic year. Method: From among the 1200 students, 155 boys and 1045 girls were selected randomly as the subjects ...
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Aims: This study investigated the prevalence of academic procrastination among male and female students of Ahwaz Payame Noor University in the first semester of 1387 – 1388 academic year. Method: From among the 1200 students, 155 boys and 1045 girls were selected randomly as the subjects of the study. To collect the data, a questionnaire made by the researcher which consisted of 14 questions was used. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. Results and conclusion: The results indicated that the rate of academic procrastination is 17.2 among the Payam-Noor students of Ahvaz. Moreover, the rate of academic procrastination among male students, was 17.8 which was more than the female students, 17.03; however, the difference was not significant.
Alireza Aghayoosefi; Hossein Zare; Maryam Zare; farhad shaghaghi
Volume 3, Issue 2 , January 2015, , Pages 67-81
Abstract
Introduction: Identifying the aspects and components of cognitive dissonance, especially personality and decision making, can not only increase the application of psychology in other aspects of humanities but also help experts in politics and advertisement industry. The aim of this study was to evaluate ...
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Introduction: Identifying the aspects and components of cognitive dissonance, especially personality and decision making, can not only increase the application of psychology in other aspects of humanities but also help experts in politics and advertisement industry. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between decision making styles and physiological components of cognitive dissonance. Method: To do this, 130 students of Elmi-Karbordi University of Safadasht were invited to complete Scott and Bruce Decision-Making Styles Questionnaire. Before and after distributing the questionnaires, their physiological conditions were receded. To create cognitive dissonance they were asked to write about the reduction of interest in a favorite character who ignores a child. Then, they were asked to write about reducing the amount of budget devoted to orphanages by welfare organization. Data analysis was conducted through regression. Results: The results showed the positive relationship between avoidant and dependant decision making styles and negative relationship between logical and intuitive decision making styles with cognitive dissonance; among them, avoidant style had the strongest relationship. Intuitive style predicted reduction in blood pressure and logical style predicted increase in heart beat rates and decrease in blood pressure. Avoidant and dependant styles predicted all of the physiological components. Conclusion: Decision making styles predict physiological components of cognitive dissonance.
Psychology
Sahere Fazeli; yadola Zargar; Iran Davoudi; seyed Esmaeil Hashemi
Abstract
Introduction: Vaccines play a critical role in preventing deaths caused by infectious diseases. This study aimed to predict COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance Based on Personality traits, Self-care Behaviors, and Social capital. Methods: The present study is a descriptive and correlational study, which was ...
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Introduction: Vaccines play a critical role in preventing deaths caused by infectious diseases. This study aimed to predict COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance Based on Personality traits, Self-care Behaviors, and Social capital. Methods: The present study is a descriptive and correlational study, which was conducted by office staff in the Ahvaz education organization using an available method. The questionnaires were completed online in the fall of 1400 and the number of people present in this research is 169 people. Were used to collect data from Hexaco 60 questionnaires (Ashton and Lee, 2004), Social capital (Putnam, 2000), self-care behaviors (Pouyanfard, 2020), and a short researcher-made questionnaire (Corona vaccine acceptance). Results: The results of data analyses showed that personality traits (consciousness and neuroticism), Self-care Behaviors, and social capital are the best predictors of COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance. Conclusion: According to the findings, designing programs to increase the vaccination rate and appropriate psychological strategies and techniques is essential to enhancing the responsibility of the community in terms of trust in vaccination and strengthening the behavior of participating in people.
mojgan sepahmansour; Ali Shaker dolagh; Mohammad Mehdi Jahangiri
Volume 2, Issue 1 , August 2014, , Pages 69-75
Abstract
Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of social anxiety and positive and negative affects with science persuasion in registrar. Method: This correlation study enrolled 230 registrars consisting of 115 man and 115 women who lived in Ardebil city. To collect the data, ...
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Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of social anxiety and positive and negative affects with science persuasion in registrar. Method: This correlation study enrolled 230 registrars consisting of 115 man and 115 women who lived in Ardebil city. To collect the data, Social Interaction Anxiety, Scale Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, persuasion- IQ questionnaire were employed. The data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and step-by-step regression. Finding: Results showed that there is a negative correlation between social anxiety and negative affect with science persuasion.However, there is a positive correlation between positive and negative affects with science persuasion. Furthermore, we showed that positive affect explain roughly 8 percent science persuasion of variance.
Babak Bahreinipour; Yadollah zargar; amin koraei
Abstract
Introduction: The present study aims to predict the acceptance of the Covid-19 vaccine based on death anxiety, social capital, and superstition. Method: The research population included all the people who were eligible to receive the vaccine in the summer and fall of 1400, out of which there were 150 ...
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Introduction: The present study aims to predict the acceptance of the Covid-19 vaccine based on death anxiety, social capital, and superstition. Method: The research population included all the people who were eligible to receive the vaccine in the summer and fall of 1400, out of which there were 150 people in two groups including people over 18 years of age who were willing to receive various types of Covid- 19 vaccines (75 people) and the people who did not want to accept it (75 people) were selected as the research sample using the purposeful sampling method. The participants were asked to respond to Templer's Death Anxiety Scale (1970), Delaware's Social Capital Questionnaire (1384), and Azizkhani's Superstition Tendency Questionnaire (1392). In addition to descriptive statistics, discriminant analysis was used for data analysis. Findings: The results obtained with the simultaneous discriminant analysis method confirmed the research hypothesis of predicting the acceptance of the Covid-19 vaccine based on death anxiety, social capital and superstition (prediction coefficient equal to 0.65). Also, the results of the discriminant analysis with the step-by-step method showed that the two variables of social capital, and superstition are the strongest predictors of accepting or not accepting the Covid-19 vaccine (prediction coefficient equal to 0.64). Conclusion: The results indicate the predictive role of all three variables of death anxiety, social capital, and superstition in accepting or rejecting the Covid-19 vaccine, which plays an important role in improving the health of society. The findings were discussed in detail.
Mohsen Golparvar; Zahra Javadian; Zahra Vaseghi; Mohammad Reza Mosaheb; Zohre Esmailian Ardestani
Volume 3, Issue 1 , July 2014, , Pages 73-86
Abstract
Introduction: This study was administered with the aim of studying the interactional role of perceived organizational justice dimensions on retaliatory behaviors. Method: The research statistical population was 800 male employees of some industrial companies in Isfahan city, from among them 275 were ...
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Introduction: This study was administered with the aim of studying the interactional role of perceived organizational justice dimensions on retaliatory behaviors. Method: The research statistical population was 800 male employees of some industrial companies in Isfahan city, from among them 275 were selected by convenience sampling. Research instruments consisted of distributive justice, procedural justice and interactional justice questionnaires (Golparvar & Nadi, 2010) and organizational retaliatory behaviors questionnaire (Skarlicki & Folger, 1997). Data were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient and moderated hierarchical regression analysis. Results: The results revealed that interactional and procedural justice moderate the relationship between distributive justice with verbal retaliatory behaviors and retaliatory from the colleagues and from the time; however, they do not moderate the relationship between distributive justice and retaliation from the facilities. The results also showed that in low procedural and interactional justice, there is stronger relationship between distributive justice with verbal retaliatory behaviors and retaliatory of the colleagues and time. That is, with increase of perceived distributive justice, tendency to verbal retaliatory behaviors and retaliatory of the colleagues and time has decreased. Conclusion: Evidences from current research revealed that the levels of procedural and interactional justice are important for relating distributive justice with verbal retaliatory behaviors and retaliatory of the colleagues and time.
Mahdye Rahmanian; Maryam Zamani; Nahid Noriyan; sayeed Karinnejad
Volume 4, Issue 2 , January 2016, , Pages 76-88
Abstract
Introduction: People’s perception about the world they live in is one of the abilities that can influence their decisions or actions in different situations. The main aim of the present study was to investigate the factors that could affect people’s perception. Method: To do so, 64 students ...
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Introduction: People’s perception about the world they live in is one of the abilities that can influence their decisions or actions in different situations. The main aim of the present study was to investigate the factors that could affect people’s perception. Method: To do so, 64 students of Payame Noor University were selected using random sampling method. After answering the Personality and Critical Thinking Questionnaires, the subjects watched a film which included a fixed dialogue performed in 4 different situations for 5 minutes. Then, based on the film, they responded to a questionnaire. Results: The findings showed that there is no significant relationship between personality traits and critical thinking. However, there were significant relationships between some personality traits and situation elements. In addition, three cognitive abilities including inductive thinking, evaluation and deduction were associated with the location shown in the film. Finally, the results indicated the significant correlation between thinking with location and people’s perception. Conclusion: This research showed that thinking is essential for perception. In addition, through transferring its elements as information units as well as interfering in the type of employed cognitive ability, situational context affects people's type of conception
Sahnaz Nohi; Hamidreza Hatami; Masoud Janbozorgi; Asraf Sadat Banijamali
Volume 6, Issue 1 , August 2017, , Pages 77-90
Abstract
Introduction: Parenting styles of parents, have important roles in children's physical and psychological health. This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of combined parenting Education (biological-social) to Mothers on perceived self–efficacy of overweight children. Method: The ...
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Introduction: Parenting styles of parents, have important roles in children's physical and psychological health. This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of combined parenting Education (biological-social) to Mothers on perceived self–efficacy of overweight children. Method: The method was quasi- experimental. The studied population included all overweight boy elementary school students (Region Two and Five in Tehran) with their mothers. Overall 50 mothers with their children selected Through available sampling. finally, due to the drop of 2 subjects, 48 people remained in the study and were randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups consist of 24 people. The experimental group trained, 90 minutes sessions weekly for 2.5 months (10 sessions) and control group received no intervention. Prior to and after Training, all participant completed demographic information questionnaire, Children completed perceived self- efficacy questionnaire too and their BMI were measured. Findings: Data analysis with Ancova and Mancova showed that Parenting education improves the perceived self-efficacy scores in the experimental group compared with the control group (P
Fateme Dehghan; Kamran Yazdanbash; Khodamorad Momany
Volume 3, special , March 2015, , Pages 83-96
Abstract
Introduction: Theory of mind is one of the most important topics in social cognition, and since it is a prerequisite to understand the social environment and involvement in competitive social behavior in recent decades, it has been considered in the field of psychology. Therefore, the main purpose of ...
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Introduction: Theory of mind is one of the most important topics in social cognition, and since it is a prerequisite to understand the social environment and involvement in competitive social behavior in recent decades, it has been considered in the field of psychology. Therefore, the main purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of communication skills training on enhancing children's theory of mind. Method: The study was an experimental design with pretest-posttest and control group. The population consisted of all normal 8-9 years female students in Kermanshah. In this regard, 30 students were selected by cluster and random sampling and were randomly assignment to experimental and control groups. Theory of mind scale as a test of 38 questions was used to obtain the data. The experimental group was trained in communication skills during seven sessions of treatment. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics (covariance). Results: The results showed that there was a significant difference in terms of theory of mind (p
Mercedeh Norouzi; Firoozeh Sepehrian Azar
Volume 5, Issue 1 , August 2016, , Pages 83-99
Abstract
Introduction: The aim of this study was to compare the Theory of Mind, the Concept of God, and the Concept of homeland among nursery and preschool children with different parenting styles. Method: This research was a post-event descriptive study. The statistical population included kindergarten ...
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Introduction: The aim of this study was to compare the Theory of Mind, the Concept of God, and the Concept of homeland among nursery and preschool children with different parenting styles. Method: This research was a post-event descriptive study. The statistical population included kindergarten and pre-school children in Tehran. The 51 children, who were between 3.5 to 6 years old, were selected by convenience sampling. Then they were classified into three groups based on their parenting styles: authoritarian, authoritative and permissive. Theory of mind was measured by games for all the participants; God's image was measured through drawings and descriptions of God, and the cognitive concept of homeland through semi-structured interviews. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical tests such as Kruskal-Wallis test. Results: The results showed that the number of children who achieved the theory of mind in families with authoritative parenting style was more than their counterparts in other families. The results also indicated that the kind image of God in children with authoritarian parenting is lower than the other two groups. Finally, there was no significant relationship between the concept of homeland and methods of parenting. Conclusion: Based on the results, we can say that authoritative parenting style influences the formation of the theory of mind and the kind image of God.
Elham Rezaeifar; mojgan sepahmansour; roya kochakentezar; shirin kooshki
Abstract
Introduction: The present study was conducted with the aim of developing Marital Stability Model based on Personality Characteristics and Perceived Stress mediating by problem solving styles. Method: To do the research, 500 married women in Tehran City were selected through Loehlin (2004) method using ...
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Introduction: The present study was conducted with the aim of developing Marital Stability Model based on Personality Characteristics and Perceived Stress mediating by problem solving styles. Method: To do the research, 500 married women in Tehran City were selected through Loehlin (2004) method using available sampling method. To measure the study variables, Perceived Stress Scale (Cohen, Kamarck & Mermelstein, 1983), Marital Instability Index (Edwards, Johnson & Booth, 1987), the short form of NEO Personality Five- Factor Inventory (Costa & McCrae, 1985), and Problem- Solving Style (Cassidy & Long, 1996) were used. The study was based on structural equation modeling, specifically, the regression equations. Results: The findings showed that Personality Characteristics and Perceived Stress Mediating by problem Solving styles had an indirect effect on Marital Stability. Conclusion: The fit indices showed that the proposed model in the study has a good fit with the data gathered from married women and a close relationship with the theoretical assumptions.
Fatemeh Hamzavi Abedi; Fatemeh Bagherian; Mohammad Ali Mazaheri
Volume 4, Issue 1 , September 2015, , Pages 84-96
Abstract
Aims: People’s understanding of their social world has a significant impact on their behavior. Their perception of their role in society and social expectations of them are important parts of this understanding. This study investigated young -18 to 25 year old- women’s perception of femininity ...
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Aims: People’s understanding of their social world has a significant impact on their behavior. Their perception of their role in society and social expectations of them are important parts of this understanding. This study investigated young -18 to 25 year old- women’s perception of femininity and the social expectations related to it. Method: The study used descriptive design and availability sampling. Forty-five female students from Fars, Turk, and Kurd ethnicities participated voluntarily in this explorative study. Seven focus groups, each consisting of 6-8 participants discussed femininity, social expectations from women, and their experiences in this regard. Results: Content analysis of focus groups discussions revealed 8 themes in young women’s perception of feminine norms. The most important of these themes were success-directedness especially in education on one hand and chastity on the other hand. Conclusion: The findings revealed that there are notable similarities between young Iranian women’s perception of feminine norms with those of young women from other cultures. On the other hand, norms such as chastity, religiousness, and respect for elders are among themes that distinguish our findings from western studies’ results.
Mahdieh Rahmanian; Mahdi Dehestani; Seyedeh Fatemeh Alavi Barogh
Volume 7, Issue 1 , August 2018, , Pages 91-104
Abstract
Introduction: This study aimed to investigate effectiveness acceptance and commitment therapy on irrational beliefs and bias toward incentives with negative emotions in adolescent girls. Methods: This study used a Semi-experimental design with pretest - posttest with the control group. The study population ...
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Introduction: This study aimed to investigate effectiveness acceptance and commitment therapy on irrational beliefs and bias toward incentives with negative emotions in adolescent girls. Methods: This study used a Semi-experimental design with pretest - posttest with the control group. The study population included all high school grade female students studying in Qom that had been formed in the school year 95-94. The final sample size of 40 girls with irrational beliefs were high that the sampling method chosen and randomly divided, were counted into two groups (n = 20) and control (n = 20). Instruments included Jones Irrational Beliefs Scale and the dot-probe test. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy by Hayes, Astrvsal and Wilson (1999) built-in 6 sessions on experimental group was 90 minutes. Data were analyzed using univariate analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). Results: Research results show that Acceptance and commitment therapy is not effective on irrational beliefs teen girls (p > 0/05), but were significant effects on bias toward incentives with negative emotions (p ≤ 0/01). Conclusion: Generally Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) because of increasing psychological flexibility and client relationship is established with time makes also lead to action by changing the values of individual references to cross be, can be treated as a psychological-of the right to reduce attentional bias to negative emotional triggers respectively.
saeedeh fanayi; Hosein zare; mahdieh rahmanian; Majid Safariniya
Abstract
The aim of this study wasCheck to the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment based therapy on cognitive flexibility, perceived stress, quality of life, adherence to treatment and biomarkers (A1C) in patients with type 2 diabetes.The present study was a quasi-experimental study and its design was ...
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The aim of this study wasCheck to the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment based therapy on cognitive flexibility, perceived stress, quality of life, adherence to treatment and biomarkers (A1C) in patients with type 2 diabetes.The present study was a quasi-experimental study and its design was divided into two experimental groups and a control group with three stages of pre-test, post-test and follow-up (Six months). The statistical population of the present study included all patients with type 2 diabetes who had a file in the Isfahan Diabetes Association in 1398 and 1399 . The sample size was considered for each group of 15 people. The sampling method was purposive and individuals were randomly selected into two groups of acceptance and commitment therapy (n = 15), and control group (n = 15). In this study, data were used using demographic characteristics questionnaire, cognitive flexibility questionnaire, perceived stress questionnaire, adherence therapy questionnaire, quality of life questionnaire for diabetic patients, acceptance and practice questionnaire, second edition and glycosylated hemoglobin test (E.NOC). (HbA1c) were obtained. The results showed that there acceptance and commitment based therapy on cognitive flexibility, perceived stress, quality of life, adherence to treatment and biomarkers (A1C) in patients with type 2 diabetes
Sohrab Amiri; Ali Isazadegan; Abolghasem Yaghobi; Mohammad Hossein Abdollah
Volume 6, Issue 2 , February 2018, , Pages 97-112
Abstract
Introduction: Emotion could facilitate memory encoding and consolidation processes. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate emotional memory based on high and low sensory processing sensitivity. Method: For this purpose, first, 500 students in Bu Ali Sina University in Hamadan's were selected through ...
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Introduction: Emotion could facilitate memory encoding and consolidation processes. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate emotional memory based on high and low sensory processing sensitivity. Method: For this purpose, first, 500 students in Bu Ali Sina University in Hamadan's were selected through a multistage cluster sampling. After the initial data analysis, 45 students were selected based on final score distribution (Z Standard) in Sensory Processing Sensitivity Scale. Then, to test the hypothesis of this study, the participants were studied for evaluating their emotional memory. In the first phase, some emotional images were displayed to participants, and in the second stage with a 15-day time interval, the recognition rate for the first stage of emotional images was evaluated. To evaluate the results of the study, collected data were analyzed by using MANCOVA, univariate covariance and post hoc tests. Result: The results showed significant differences in emotional memory between three groups based on sensory processing sensitivity: Participants with high sensory processing sensitivity (HSP) in the first stage of emotional memory retrieval gained higher in most components of emotional memory compared with individuals with low sensory processing sensitivity (LSP). However, in the second stage of emotional memory retrieval, people with low sensory processing sensitivity (LSP) had a better performance. Conclusion: It seems that difference in the sensitivity to sensory stimuli processing, as a biological aspect, plays an effective role in encoding and consolidation of emotional memories.
Hojjat Mahdavi rad; Valeolla Farzad; shirin kooshki
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this study is a structural model of academic performance based on academic self-efficacy and academic motivation mediated by cognitive strategies. The present study is an applied and correlational research using structural equation modeling. Method:The statistical population ...
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Objective: The purpose of this study is a structural model of academic performance based on academic self-efficacy and academic motivation mediated by cognitive strategies. The present study is an applied and correlational research using structural equation modeling. Method:The statistical population was all students from which 470 people were selected by multi-stage cluster random sampling. The research instruments were Migli et al.'s (1998) Achievement Goals Questionnaire, Morris Academic Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (2001) and Pintrich et al.'s (1991) Motivational Strategies for Learning Questionnaire. Results:Research data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. The results showed that all models of research variables had a good fit. In the assumed model, achievement goals with academic performance mediated by cognitive strategies had full effect and direct effect and indirect effect was insignificant. The effect of academic self-efficacy with academic performance mediated by cognitive strategies had a full effect and a significant direct effect, but the indirect effect is non-significant. The effect of academic self-efficacy was significant with 5% academic achievement. Conclusion: The results showed that the variable of academic self-efficacy has a significant effect on academic performance and can explain 37% of the variance of academic performance. Teachers, counselors and parents can use the variable of academic self-efficacy to enhance students' academic performance.
Mohammad Oraki; puran sami
Volume 5, Issue 2 , November 2016, , Pages 107-119
Abstract
MS is a disease of the central nervous system myelin echoed. That is one of the most common neurological disease affecting young adults is a disease in humans disabilities. In this regard, reform and knowledge to create the beliefs and understanding of the disease,can also contribute to a realistic perception ...
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MS is a disease of the central nervous system myelin echoed. That is one of the most common neurological disease affecting young adults is a disease in humans disabilities. In this regard, reform and knowledge to create the beliefs and understanding of the disease,can also contribute to a realistic perception of patients the disease,reduce the severity of the disease.The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of training mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on the perception of disease and disease severity in MS.The methods used in this study is experimental procedure that is performed in two experimental and control groups.The study population included 2500 patients with MS, the MS Society's members from Of them 30 people have voluntarily chosen sampling And randomly were divided into two experimental and control groups.Illness Perception Questionnaire Data collection was revised and expanded disability status scale was completed by patients,120 minutes of training in 8 sessions were offered to groups of 15 persons After the end of training,the scores of both groups were measured.Data were analyzed using ANCOVA.The findings of this study showed that mindfulness-based cognitive therapy integrated(MBCTI) on the perception of MS patients have had significant effect But the severity of the disease have had significant effect.The results showed that MBCTI with MS patients has an impact on the perception the disease And improve the patient's level of understanding and realistic, But severity of the disease (physical) in these patients did not
Mohammad hassan Seif
Abstract
Introduction: The aim of the present study was to investigate the causal relation model of cognitive absorption and perceived learning through the mediating role of cognitive engagement and perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness through path analysis. Method: To do so, the sample of study included ...
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Introduction: The aim of the present study was to investigate the causal relation model of cognitive absorption and perceived learning through the mediating role of cognitive engagement and perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness through path analysis. Method: To do so, the sample of study included 273 students of virtual courses from Shiraz Payame Noor University selected through random sampling, and were asked to answer questionnaires of Cognitive Engagement (Wang& Eccles, 2013), Cognitive Absorption (Agarwal & Karahana, 2000) Perceived Learning (Rovai& et al, 2009), Perceived Ease of Use (Hsu & Lu, 2004) and Perceived Usefulness (Kim& et al,2007) subscales. Results: Overall, the results indicated the indirect effects of cognitive absorption components on perceived learning. Conclusions: The results showed cognitive absorption and their components through cognitive engagement and perceived ease of use and perceived effect on perceived learning, as control and curiosity through cognitive engagement and perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness have direct and indirect effect on perceived learning and temporal dissociation, focused immersion and heightened enjoyment, through cognitive engagement and perceived usefulness had indirect effect on perceived learning. The whole variables in this study explain 42% of changes in the perceived learning.
REZA DANESHPAJOUH; Mahdi purmohamad; Alireza Mahdavian
Abstract
Introduction: One of the most important factors in employee job dissatisfaction is the inability to solve individual and organizational problems. When these problems are new or complex, innovative and effective decision making is a very important factor in solving them. According to the researcher's ...
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Introduction: One of the most important factors in employee job dissatisfaction is the inability to solve individual and organizational problems. When these problems are new or complex, innovative and effective decision making is a very important factor in solving them. According to the researcher's studies, the effect of problem solving skills on job satisfaction and employee creativity in Iranian companies and organizations has not been studied. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of problem solving training in improving job satisfaction and creativity of employees. Method: This study is quasi-experimental with pre-test, post-test and follow-up. Subjects were selected using the available sampling method. The problem solving skills were taught to 50 employees who get the lowest score in the problem-solving ability self-assessment test. Then, their job satisfaction and creativity were evaluated before, immediately, and 4 months after the end of training. Repeated measure ANOVA was used to analyze the data. Results: The results showed that there is a positive correlation between problem solving skills, job satisfaction, and employees’ creativity. Conclusion: problem solving skills training, as a short-term psychological intervention, can increase job satisfaction and creativity of staff, and the effect of this intervention will remain stable over time.
Shahnaz Faraji; Mojgan Agahheris; hossein sheybani
Abstract
Objective: Marital satisfaction is the principle of continuity of a marital bond and it is important to identify effective interventions to strengthen it. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on cognitive avoidance and marital ...
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Objective: Marital satisfaction is the principle of continuity of a marital bond and it is important to identify effective interventions to strengthen it. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on cognitive avoidance and marital satisfaction of women with marital problems. Method: The present study was a quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest design and control group. The statistical population included all women who referred to Tolooesalamat psychological and counseling center in Tehran in 1398. Among them, 32 people were selected by purposive sampling method based on the inclusion criteria and randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups (16 people in each group). The experimental group underwent 8 sessions of 90-minute acceptance and commitment therapy. Data collection tools were Sexton and Dougas Cognitive Avoidance Questionnaire and Spanier Dyadic Adjustment Scale. Data were analyzed using SPSS-21 software through univariate analysis of covariance. Results: The results showed that acceptance and commitment therapy is effective in reducing cognitive avoidance and increasing marital satisfaction of women with marital problems (P <0.05). Conclusion: According to the results, in designing programs related to promoting family health and marital relationships, acceptance and commitment based therapy can be used as an effective intervention in improving cognitive avoidance and marital satisfaction.
Cognitive psycholog
Fahime Ghadrian; Susan Alizade Fard; Khatere Borhani
Abstract
Introduction: This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of uncertainty about others on conformity to prosocial behavior and the moderating role of gender and need for closure. Method: The statistical population of this study included men and women aged 20 to 40, which 120 subjects ...
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Introduction: This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of uncertainty about others on conformity to prosocial behavior and the moderating role of gender and need for closure. Method: The statistical population of this study included men and women aged 20 to 40, which 120 subjects were selected through available sampling. A computer-based task in the form of a profitable game was designed using the Psychopy software to assess the prosocial behavior of the participants in different conditions of ambiguous stimulus exposure. Also, a short form of the Need for Closure Questionnaire by Reiss and Pilati (2020) was employed. The data were modeled using mixed models' methods in the R software. Results: In the modeling of the results of the research, the most favorable model showed that exposure to an ambiguous stimulus with a coefficient of 0.84 and the variable of the need to be closure with a coefficient of 0.54 led to an increase in conformity behavior in conformity of prosocial behavior. and the need to closure has a moderating role. Also, gender was not included in the optimal model and its effect was not significant. Conclusion: The results of the current study showed that exposure to ambiguous conditions causes an increase in conformity of prosocial behavior and that the need for closure has a positive role in this effect; however, gender does not play a role in this effect.
Mohammad Ali Nazari; Mojtaba soltanlo; Sommayeh Saeadi Dehaghani; Samyra Damya; Nasrin Rastgar Hashemi; Mohamad Mirlo
Volume 2, Issue 2 , March 2014, , Pages 62-73
Abstract
Introduction: A range of studies have shown that the time perception is influenced by numerous factors. In the present study the hypothesis was that gender and emotional dimensions (valance and arousal) of Persian words influence time perception. Method: fifty-eight volunteer undergraduate female students ...
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Introduction: A range of studies have shown that the time perception is influenced by numerous factors. In the present study the hypothesis was that gender and emotional dimensions (valance and arousal) of Persian words influence time perception. Method: fifty-eight volunteer undergraduate female students of the University of Tabriz participated in the experiment. A set of emotional Persian words (in the five dimensions including happy, calm, neutral, angery and sad) were projected to all participants for 800 and 2000 milliseconds (ms) via a computerized test. The participants were asked to reproduce the words. Three-factor ANOVA with repeated measures, one-way ANOVA, paired and independent t-tests were used to analyze the data. Findings: The results rvealed that the rate of error (underestimation) for the long duration was more than the short duration. Coefficient of variation for the happy and calm words was higher than the angery, sad and neutral words. Conclusion: These findings indicate an effect of emotion on time perception. The results are interpreted in the framework of the intentional time perception and arousal time perception models.
Majid Safari nia; Hossein Zare; logman Hasani
Volume 1, Issue 1 , June 2013, , Pages 66-76
Abstract
Aim: This study aimed at measuring the overall effectiveness of teaching critical thinking on resource control and reducing the cognitive imbalance (arousal) of second year high school male students of Baneh. Method: The study was experimental and the statistical population consisted of 40 ...
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Aim: This study aimed at measuring the overall effectiveness of teaching critical thinking on resource control and reducing the cognitive imbalance (arousal) of second year high school male students of Baneh. Method: The study was experimental and the statistical population consisted of 40 students in second year of high school in Baneh. The subjects were chosen by multiple-stage cluster method. The data was gathered by a standardized questionnaire - reducing inconsistencies DARQ Harmon - Jones (Saffari Nia & Zandi, 1389). Results: The results Showed a significant difference between locus of control of the experimental group and locus of control of the control group. That is, critical thinking can change some traits and characteristics which in this study was resource control. However, there was no significant difference between reducing cognitive imbalance of those who were taught critical thinking and those who were not. In this study, critical thinking not only did not reduce the level of imbalance, but increased it to some extent as well.
Fatemeh Samiee; Iran Baghban; Mohammad Reza Abedi; Alireza Sadeghian
Volume 1, Issue 2 , June 2013, , Pages 69-80
Abstract
Aims: This study aimed at investigating the process of cognitive development of career aspirations among children. Method: For this purpose, 179 students (85 girls and 94 boys) from 5 educational areas of Isfahan were selected using multi-stage sampling procedure. The method of data collection ...
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Aims: This study aimed at investigating the process of cognitive development of career aspirations among children. Method: For this purpose, 179 students (85 girls and 94 boys) from 5 educational areas of Isfahan were selected using multi-stage sampling procedure. The method of data collection was semi-structural interview and data Analysis was done through descriptive analysis, variance analysis, and paired t-test. Results: The results showed that the difference in the career aspirations as well as the differences among different age groups and genders were significant (P<0/05). Conclusion: Although in both genders the development of aspirations was progressive, the rate of development in girls was higher than boys.
