Hossien Zare
Volume 6, Issue 1 , August 2017, , Pages 125-134
Abstract
Introduction: The purpose of this study was the efficacy of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on Improving flexibility and cognitive fusion in anxious students. Method: This study was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest, post-test and follow-up. The statistical population of the study ...
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Introduction: The purpose of this study was the efficacy of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on Improving flexibility and cognitive fusion in anxious students. Method: This study was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest, post-test and follow-up. The statistical population of the study included female students of Payame Noor University of Guilan. Subjects were first screened using the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Therefore, 30 anxious students were selected and randomly divided into experimental and control groups (15 persons in each group). All of the sample groups completed flexibility and Cognitive Fusion Scales. The ACT group received 8 sessions of treatment, while the control group did not receive any treatment. Results: The results showed that there were significant differences between the two groups in terms of flexibility and cognitive fusion. Conclusion: The results indicate that ACT is an effective intervention in anxious students.
Hadi Taghizadeh; Amanollah Soltani; Hamdollah Manzar Tavakoli; Zahra ZaynDin Meymand
Volume 6, Issue 2 , February 2018, , Pages 125-142
Abstract
Introduction: The purpose of the present study was to study the association between the response inhibition executive functions of response inhibition and working memory and the development of the mind theory in primary school children. Methods: This research method was correlational. The population ...
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Introduction: The purpose of the present study was to study the association between the response inhibition executive functions of response inhibition and working memory and the development of the mind theory in primary school children. Methods: This research method was correlational. The population in this study consisted of all elementary school students in Mashhad in the academic year 1396-95. The sample consisted of 180 students randomly selected and matched by age, gender, and grade. Data collection tools in this study consisted of 38 questions form the Theory of Mind, Morris et al. ( ), Stroop Test and the Wechsler Memory Scale Active. The data collected were analyzed using correlation and linear regression analysis to test the research questions. Results: The results showed a positive and significant relationship between the executive functions of response inhibition, working memory and the development of theory of mind. Also a correlation was found between response inhibition and working memory's ability to predict the level of theory of mind. Furthermore, the results showed a positive relationship between theory of mind and response inhibition and working memory span. Conclusion: In general, executive functions, particularly working memory and response inhibition play decisive roles in anticipating and development of human mental abilities, including the ability of the conceptual mind. In addition, improving these actions led to greater recognition of social human understanding. Therefore, paying attention to learners’ working memory capacity and the effectiveness of learning and teaching materials designed to create the ultimate objective of all of them, or facilitate the development of cognitive functions, display significant effects.
Ezatollah Ghadampour; mahdi berzegarbfroui; leila heidaryani
Abstract
Introduction: Educational burnout is one of the most important problems in the educational system at all levels. The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of respective negative thinking in relationship between the dimensions of time perspective and academic burnout. Method: The method ...
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Introduction: Educational burnout is one of the most important problems in the educational system at all levels. The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of respective negative thinking in relationship between the dimensions of time perspective and academic burnout. Method: The method was descriptive and correlational using structural equation modeling. The statistical population included all pre-university male students in Maybod city studying in the academic year of 2015-16. Among them, 261 samples were selected through multi-stage cluster sampling. Data were collected applying Zimbardo and Boyd's time perspective, Ehring et al.'s respective negative thinking and Berso's academic burnout questionnaires. The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. Results: The results of structural equation modeling showed that the negative last and present situation dimensions with intermediating respective negative thinking have a positive indirect effect on academic burnout. In addition, the positive last, pleasurable present and future dimensions with mediating respective negative thinking have negative indirect effect on academic burnout. Conclusion: These findings suggest that academic burnout will be decreased by changing the perspective of time and having positive thinking and sufficient resources for the purposeful thinking.
. .; saman kamari songhor abadi; . .; . .
Volume 5, Issue 2 , November 2016, , Pages 136-154
Abstract
Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of emotions in the relationship between social cognition and academic satisfaction. Method: The study was descriptive and correlational research. The statistical population comprised all students in Shiraz city in the 95-96 school year, ...
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Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of emotions in the relationship between social cognition and academic satisfaction. Method: The study was descriptive and correlational research. The statistical population comprised all students in Shiraz city in the 95-96 school year, of which, 278 (107 boys, 171 girls) who were selected by cluster sampling. Data were gathered by academic satisfaction questionnaire, achievement emotion questionnaire, and social cognition questionnaire. The methods used for analyzing was Pearson correlation and path analysis. Results: The results of the correlation matrix showed that there is a significant correlation between all variables of this study, which includes academic satisfaction, emotional, and social cognition dimensions (p < .0/01). The following analysis revealed the significant mediating role of achievement emotion in the relationship between social cognition and academic satisfaction. Conclusion: In general, it can be concluded that the social cognition and achievement emotion are two of the most important factors for investigating the academic performance and academic satisfaction.
MOBINA TARKHAN; Hamid Taher Neshatdost; morteza TARKHAN
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness of compassion focused therapy on cognitive flexibility and social sufficiency of women with marital conflicts. This research method was semi-experimental with pretest-posttest design. Using felner and etal's social sufficiency, Denis ...
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Objective: The aim of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness of compassion focused therapy on cognitive flexibility and social sufficiency of women with marital conflicts. This research method was semi-experimental with pretest-posttest design. Using felner and etal's social sufficiency, Denis and Vendervall’s cognitive flexibility and Sanai and Barati's marital conflicts, questionnaires, 30 women of with marital conflicts. Were purposive selected and were randomly assigned in two experimental and control group (each group was 15). The experiment group received 8 sessions of CFT based on Gillbert's instruction package and the control group did not receive any training in this field. After executing the CFT, social sufficiency, cognitive flexibility and marital conflicts of the members of two groups were measured again. Data were analyzed using multivariate covariance analysis (MANCOVA) and univariate covariance analysis (ANCOVA). Calculated F either in the Mancova analysis and either in the Ancova analysis for variables of social sufficiency, cognitive flexibility, showed significant differences in both groups. The results of this study which are in line with other studies that CFT has significant role in increasing social sufficiency and cognitive flexibility in the women with marital conflicts.
Fatemeh Alipour; javad mesrabadi; Salaam Rahimi
Abstract
Aim: Anxiety is one of the most common problems in societies, which impairs the perception, thinking, and optimal functioning of individuals. Problem-solving skills have received increasing support as a short-term psychotherapy method for managing anxiety and depression. Method: This research was conducted ...
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Aim: Anxiety is one of the most common problems in societies, which impairs the perception, thinking, and optimal functioning of individuals. Problem-solving skills have received increasing support as a short-term psychotherapy method for managing anxiety and depression. Method: This research was conducted by meta-analysis method to combine the research on problem-solving skills and anxiety relation. The Statistical population of the present meta-analysis was the available research related to problem solving and anxiety published from 2007 to 20021 and from 2000 to 2021. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria of initial studies and sensitivity analysis, 69 effect sizes, and 47 initial studies were analyzed by CMA software. Results: The results showed that the random model summary effect size was -0.678, which was statistically significant and indicated the positive effect of problem-solving skills on reducing anxiety types, including Trait Anxiety, State Anxiety, Math Anxiety, Test Anxiety, and Social Anxiety. The results also showed no significant difference between the two genders in the effectiveness of the problem-solving training and its application, whereas there was a significant difference between the types of anxiety, the type of research method, and the age of the subjects. Conclusion: As a result, supplying programs to educate, develop, and enhance problem-solving skills in the community is a necessity that needs to be considered more than before.
Razieh sheikholeslami; omayeh hassan nia
Abstract
Introduction: The purpose of this study was to determine the validity, reliability and factor structure of McMahon and Good's (2015) Moral Metacognition Scale in Iranian students. Method: For this purpose, 524 undergraduate students of Yasuj University in the academic year 1395-96 were selected using ...
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Introduction: The purpose of this study was to determine the validity, reliability and factor structure of McMahon and Good's (2015) Moral Metacognition Scale in Iranian students. Method: For this purpose, 524 undergraduate students of Yasuj University in the academic year 1395-96 were selected using multistage cluster random sampling. Correlation coefficients between factors with total factor scores, Cronbach's alpha coefficient, exploratory factor analysis, and second-order confirmatory factor analysis were used to assess the internal consistency and validity of the scale. Results: The results showed that the questionnaire had a good reliability (0.90), and exploratory factor analysis confirmed four factors, and second-order confirmatory factor analysis showed that the structure of the questionnaire had a good fit with the data and all goodness of fit indices were confirmed for the four-factor model underlying the questionnaire. According to the main research, these factors were named metacognitive regulating factor, expressive cognitive, procedural cognitive, and conditional cognitive knowledge. Conclusion: These results suggest that McMahon and Good's (2015) moral metacognition scale can be used as a suitable tool for measuring students' moral metacognition in Iran.
Morteza Tarkhan
Abstract
Introduction: The Purpose of this research was to study the relationship between predicting of psychological well-being through defense mechanisms and cognitive self-differentiation in students. Method: The research method was correlation and participants of this research were 125 people of students ...
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Introduction: The Purpose of this research was to study the relationship between predicting of psychological well-being through defense mechanisms and cognitive self-differentiation in students. Method: The research method was correlation and participants of this research were 125 people of students selected via simple randomization. The research materials were :Skowron and Friddlander Self-differentiation Questionnair, Andrews , Sing and Bond Defense Styles Questionnaire and Ryff Psychological Well-being Questionnaire.. Results: Multiple regression analysis with stepwise method and Pearson correlation showed that cognitive self-differentiation %8/23 , mature defense mechanism %5/53 , immature defense mechanism %4/30 , neurotic defense mechanism %4/12 and the generally explained %22/18 of common variance (R²) of psychological well-being of students. Conclusion: The findings of this research indicated that cognitive self-differentiation, mature defense mechanism, immature defense mechanism and neurotic defense mechanism have basic role in psychological well-being of students.
mansoureh Hajhosseini; abed mahdavi; Maryam Mohammadi
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to identify the effect of group education based on schema therapy on psychological well-being and differentiation of female students. Method: The study was carried out in a quasi-experimental design with pretest-posttest and control group. The statistical population ...
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Objective: The aim of this study was to identify the effect of group education based on schema therapy on psychological well-being and differentiation of female students. Method: The study was carried out in a quasi-experimental design with pretest-posttest and control group. The statistical population of the study included all female students from 18 to 21 years of residence in Chamran dormitory of Tehran in 2018 which were selected from among them, 30 were randomly available and replaced by accident in two groups of experimental and control.In order to collect data, we used psychological well-being questionnaire (PWBS) and differentiation Skron and Smith Questionnaire (2003) and measured in accordance with the plan, the subjects in two stages before and after the implementation of group education.The treatment program was performed for 11 sessions of 90-minute group training for experimental groups but the control group did not receive any training. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance and the findings indicated that schema therapy significantly increased psychological well-being and six components i.e. self-acceptance, positive relationship with others, autonomy, mastery of the environment, the goal of life and personal development.The program also led to a significant difference in the testable group compared to the control group in self-differentiation. Results: The result was confirmed by the effectiveness of schema therapy in modifying maladaptive schemas and enabling young students to help maintain independence and regulate their emotion and behavior. Conclusion: This program has also been effective in improving the dominance of individuals on their own schemas in improvement of their psychological well-being and can be used as a fruitful model in the students ' psychological counseling.
social Psychology
Mojtaba Aghili; Narges Sanatian
Abstract
This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of social-emotional competence training on the fear of negative evaluation and psychosomatic symptoms of homeless and poorly supervised adolescents in quasi-family centers. The design of the semi-experimental research was pre-test-post-test ...
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This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of social-emotional competence training on the fear of negative evaluation and psychosomatic symptoms of homeless and poorly supervised adolescents in quasi-family centers. The design of the semi-experimental research was pre-test-post-test with a control group. The statistical population of the research was all the unsupervised and poorly supervised teenagers living in quasi-family centers in Mashhad in 2023, whose number was calculated to be 1700. From the mentioned population, 30 people were selected by available sampling method and were placed in two experimental and control groups (15 people in each group) by random method. The research tools were questionnaires of fear of negative evaluation by Leary (1983) and psychosomatic symptoms by Najarian and Davoudi (2009). The experimental group received social-emotional competence training in 8 sessions of 60 minutes, but the control group did not receive any intervention until the end of the study. Research data were analyzed by multivariate and univariate covariance analysis by SPSS version 24 software. The results showed that social-emotional competence training is effective on the fear of negative evaluation and psychosomatic symptoms of homeless and poorly supervised adolescents in quasi-family centers (p<0.05). The results indicate that social-emotional competence training, by changing attitudes, values, behavior and improving the level of self-esteem and social interactions, reduces the fear of negative evaluation and psychosomatic symptoms of unaccompanied and poorly supervised adolescents in quasi-family centers.
Reza Ghorban Jahromi; Elaheh Hejazi; Javad Ejei; Mohamad Khodayari Fard
Volume 2, Issue 2 , March 2014, , Pages 87-99
Abstract
The aim of the present study was investigating the mediating role of achievement goals in the relationship between need for closure and cognitive engagement based on students’ academic procrastination. For this reason, 268 third grade high school students (161 female & 107 male) from Shiraz ...
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The aim of the present study was investigating the mediating role of achievement goals in the relationship between need for closure and cognitive engagement based on students’ academic procrastination. For this reason, 268 third grade high school students (161 female & 107 male) from Shiraz were selected through multistage cluster sampling and answered to a self-report questionnaire consisted of need for closure scale (NFCS), achievement goals scale (AGS), cognitive engagement scale (MSLQ), and academic procrastination scale (PASS). The results generally showed that in an academic procrastination context need for closure dimensions have significant negative indirect effects on deep cognitive strategies through the mediation of achievement goals; however, this effect on shallow cognitive strategies is significant, negative, and indirect. The findings demonstrated that the direct effect of need for structure on mastery and performance-approach goals is significantly negative; but this effect on performance-avoidant goals was significantly positive. Moreover, the direct effect of need for certainty on mastery goals and performance-approach goals was respectively negative and positive, both significant. The direct effect of need for certainty on performance-avoidance goals was not significant. The effect of each of the achievement goals on shallow and deep cognitive strategies was different.
behnaz khayeri; reza mirmahdi; shahla Acuchekian; hasan heidari; ali aleyasin
Abstract
Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of emotion-focused therapy on obsessive-compulsive symptoms, rumination and cognitive avoidance of women patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. In order to select the participants of the study, 20 patients with obsessive-compulsive ...
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Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of emotion-focused therapy on obsessive-compulsive symptoms, rumination and cognitive avoidance of women patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. In order to select the participants of the study, 20 patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder were selected by Purposive sampling method from among the patients referred to the counseling centers of Isfahan in 2018, were selected and divided into two groups of emotion-focused therapy and control. Emotion-focused therapy was performed during eight weekly sessions and the control group did not receive any special treatment during this period of time.Yale- brown obsessive-compulsive scale, Ruminative Response Scale and cognitive avoidance scale were completed in three stages: pretest, post-test, and follow-up.To analyze the data, the method of analysis of variance with repeated measurements was used. The findings showed that the efficacy of emotion-focused therapy on reducing obsessive-compulsive symptoms, rumination and cognitive avoidance of patients was significant in post-test scores (0/05>sig). Conclusion: The findings of this study have potentially significant implications for therapists to consider the effectiveness of emotion-focused therapy on the severity of obsessive-compulsive symptoms, rumination and cognitive avoidance in women patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder
Educational Psychology
Mahdi Dasta; omid shokri; shahla pakdaman; jalil fathabadi
Abstract
This study intended to construct and validate a wisdom questionnaire in Iran with regard to its dimensions, categories and components in the context. All above-20 Iranians comprised the population. Using random cluster sampling, 985 Iranians with different ethnic, gender, age and academic backgrounds ...
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This study intended to construct and validate a wisdom questionnaire in Iran with regard to its dimensions, categories and components in the context. All above-20 Iranians comprised the population. Using random cluster sampling, 985 Iranians with different ethnic, gender, age and academic backgrounds were selected. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed that a 6 dimensional structure of wisdom fits the data. The dimensions were Causal Factors (cognitive skills and abilities, emotional intelligence, and personality characteristics), Core Category (existential integrity, harmony and equilibrium), Context Conditions (religiousness, spirituality, self-excellence, ethics, reflection, and challenging experiences), Intervening Conditions (environmental factors, official and unofficial education system, and family), Strategies (wise reasoning, prosocial attitude and behaviors, wellbeing, consulting, guiding and leading others), and Consequences (human perfection and flourishing, common good and a more just world). Overall, wisdom can be defined as a unique, complex, and multifaceted feature encompassing dynamic integrity and balanced account of different components. To describe wisdom as being the best in all its dimensions makes it an unachievable-for-many ideal but if viewed as a continuum, then individuals’ wisdom can be seen as ranging from much/many to less/few of its dimensions. In fact, wisdom dimensions work in a synergic manner to promote it and its sum is greater than its parts.
Mojgan Sepah Mansour; Elmira Memar; Masoumeh Azmoudeh
Volume 1, Issue 2 , June 2013, , Pages 92-100
Abstract
Aims: This study investigated the relationship between self-esteem and self-efficacy with persuasion in educational managers. Method: The Population of this study consisted of all educational managers of Islamic Azad University in Tehran. 120 people (76 women and 44 men) were selected by multistage ...
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Aims: This study investigated the relationship between self-esteem and self-efficacy with persuasion in educational managers. Method: The Population of this study consisted of all educational managers of Islamic Azad University in Tehran. 120 people (76 women and 44 men) were selected by multistage cluster sampling. In order to measure their self-esteem, Koper Smith test (1967) was used and to measure self-efficacy, general self-efficacy beliefs test (Scherer et al, 1982) was used. The Persuasion was measured by applied intelligence Persuasion test (Sepah Mansour and Hooman, 1389). For data analysis, the Pearson correlation and Regression analysis were used. Results and conclusion: The results showed a significant positive correlation between persuasion with self-esteem and persuasion with self- efficacy. (r=0/771,r=0/494). Also the results showed that 59% of the variance associated with the persuasion can be explained with self-esteem (R2 = 0.594) and 24% of the variance in self- efficacy can be explained whit persuasion (R2 = 0.244). The results of the slope coefficients indicated that, in predicting persuasion, the share of self-esteem was more than self- efficacy . (β= 0.70).
Sayed Ali Akbar Ahmadi; Hosein Safarzadeh; Mohammad Javad Hozoori; fariba dehnavi
Volume 2, Issue 1 , August 2014, , Pages 101-116
Abstract
Introduction: Cultural Intelligence and conflict resolution ability are essential for 21st-century’s leaders when considering the increased interaction with individuals from different cultural backgrounds. The main objective of this study was to investigate the effect of cultural intelligence of ...
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Introduction: Cultural Intelligence and conflict resolution ability are essential for 21st-century’s leaders when considering the increased interaction with individuals from different cultural backgrounds. The main objective of this study was to investigate the effect of cultural intelligence of Managers on their employees’ ability to solve conflicts in the Social Security Organization. Method: This research is a descriptive- correlation Study that 119 managers and 175 employees of Social Security Organization participated in (2012). To measure Cultural Intelligence, the Iranian version of the Cultural Intelligence Questionnaire)2011( was used and Employees conflict resolution was measured using a Conflict Resolution Questionnaire. Findings: The results showed that Cultural Intelligence of managers (and its three dimensions) had a statistically significant and positive impact on employees’ conflict resolution ability. Additionally, employees’ conflict resolution ability was estimated above average. Also results showed that Based on demographic factors such as gender, culture and education cannot comment on the Cultural Intelligence of managers and conflict resolution ability’s employees. Conclusion: Based on the findings we can say that Cultural Intelligence is a key factor, influencing and determining for conflict resolution ability.
social Psychology
Zahed Mahdavi; Haleh Shaeri; Abed Mahdavi
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to predict criminal behavior based on cognitive biases, emotion dysregulation, and social support. Method: The research method was descriptive-correlation. People formed the statistical research community cared for and supported as criminals in the Tehran Reform and Education ...
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Objective: This study aimed to predict criminal behavior based on cognitive biases, emotion dysregulation, and social support. Method: The research method was descriptive-correlation. People formed the statistical research community cared for and supported as criminals in the Tehran Reform and Education Center in 2023. The available sampling method selected one hundred twenty people as research samples. Measurement tools included the criminal behavior checklist of Sharifinia (2010), the social support questionnaire of Vaux et al. (1986), the emotion regulation difficulty questionnaire of Gratz & Roemer (2004), the Davos cognitive bias Assessment Scale of van Der Gaag et al. (2013), which the sample people completed. the Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis were used in SPSS-24 software for data analysis. Results: The study's findings showed that cognitive biases and emotion dysregulation have a significant positive relationship with criminal behavior, and social support has a significant negative relationship with criminal behavior. The linear regression model showed that cognitive biases, emotion dysregulation, and social support can predict 78.9, 12.8, and 12.6 percent of the variance in criminal behavior, respectively. In addition, the research findings showed that the combination of research variables explains 71.9% of the variance in criminal behavior (P< 0.05).Conclusion: Given that irrational thoughts, emotional dysregulation, and lack of social support play a significant role in the formation and occurrence of criminal behavior, psychological interventions and the implementation of deterrent laws at the community level can prevent criminal behavior and improve the psychological health of adolescents.
Fatemeh sadat Sepidehdam; Hossein Zare; Samane Haddadi
Abstract
This study examined the mediating effect of self-balance on the structural relationship between cognitive ability and social problem solving with attention. Method: Research method was descriptive and correlational. Subjects were 308 participants (188 female and 114 male) selected by available sampling ...
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This study examined the mediating effect of self-balance on the structural relationship between cognitive ability and social problem solving with attention. Method: Research method was descriptive and correlational. Subjects were 308 participants (188 female and 114 male) selected by available sampling among aircrew of Iran Air company. To collect data, the following questionnaires were used:Nejati’s Cognitive Abilities Questionnaire, Hardin’s Integrated Self-Discrepancy Index (ISDI) and Social Problem Solving Inventory-revised short-form by D’Zurilla, and Nezu. Results: The results revealed that all the subscales of cognitive ability are correlated negatively with the components of adaptive problem solving and are positively related with the non-adaptive problem solving, with the significant level of 0.01. Also the four sub scales of Self-Discrepancy were related positively with adaptive problem solving and negatively with the non-adaptive problem solving and are correlated significantly on the level of 0.01. Conclusion: Due to the increasing evolution and complexity of the cognitive processes of the human brain, further studies are needed to enhance the relationships among personality, problem solving and cognitive abilities. Therefore effective programs are suggested for cognitive enhancement of employees in critical jobs like aircrew. Keywords: cognitive ability, social problem-solving, Self-Discrepancy, Structural Equation Modeling, social cognition.
Cognitive psycholog
Nadia Khoshkhooy; Moslem kord; Majid Saffarinia; Anahita Veisi; Zahra Nikmanesh
Abstract
Introduction: The purpose of this research was a comparison of emotional working memory capacity in monolingual (Persian) and bilingual (Armenian-Persian) girls aged 7 to 9 years and 11 months and 29 days. Method: The statistical population of the current study included elementary school girls aged 7 ...
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Introduction: The purpose of this research was a comparison of emotional working memory capacity in monolingual (Persian) and bilingual (Armenian-Persian) girls aged 7 to 9 years and 11 months and 29 days. Method: The statistical population of the current study included elementary school girls aged 7 to 9 years and 11 months and 29 days in the second semester of the 1401-1402 school in Tehran. The statistical sample included 30 monolingual students (Persian) and 30 bilingual students (Armenian-Persian) who were selected among the first to third- grade students of public schools and the available sampling method. In this research, the information was processed by children's emotional working memory capacity test and number capacity test (reading forward and reverse digits). The data were analyzed by the Kolmogorov Smirnov, the Independent Samples test to compare two groups and logistic regression in IBM SPSS STATISTICS21 software. Findings: The results showed that there is a significant difference between monolingual and bilingual children in the age groups between 7 years and 6 months and 8 years and 11 months and 29 days (p<0.05), but no significant difference was observed in the other age groups (p>0.05). Also, the aging (by one unit) reduces by about 80.5% in the difference between the scores of monolingual and bilingual people (p>0.01). Conclusion: According to the obtained results, it can be concluded that bilingualism is more effective than monolingualism in the capacity of emotional working memory and cognitive-emotional functions of children, and it should be taken into account in educational and business planning.
Mansour Beyrami; yazdan movahedi; Masoumeh Movahedi
Volume 3, Issue 2 , January 2015, , Pages 109-122
Abstract
Introduction: Nowadays a large population of the world uses the Internet. Despite the numerous advantages of this technology leading to positive changes in communication, unfortunately some studies, have attributed dangerous complications to the Internet, the most destructive one being Internet addiction. ...
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Introduction: Nowadays a large population of the world uses the Internet. Despite the numerous advantages of this technology leading to positive changes in communication, unfortunately some studies, have attributed dangerous complications to the Internet, the most destructive one being Internet addiction. The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the relationship among components of Perceived Social Support and the Feeling of social- Emotional loneliness with Internet addiction in students. Method: To do this, 173 students from Tabriz University (78 males and 95 females) were selected by multiphase cluster-random sampling and in addition to demographic information, they completed the Perceived Social Support, Feeling of social- Emotional loneliness, and Internet addiction questionnaires. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistical methods, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and multivariate regression. Results: Based on the results, there were significant relationships among Perceived Social Support and the Feeling of Social- Emotional Loneliness with Internet addiction (P
Seyed Mohammad Shobeiri; Hossein Meiboudi; Ahmad Maleki pour; Adeleh Saradipour
Volume 3, Issue 1 , July 2014, , Pages 114-124
Abstract
Introduction: Shaping attitudes, values, commitment, and skills needed to maintain and support the environment starts from early ages. This study aimed at assessing and preparing nursery coaches for environmental education to children. Method: The method was descriptive and the population for the study ...
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Introduction: Shaping attitudes, values, commitment, and skills needed to maintain and support the environment starts from early ages. This study aimed at assessing and preparing nursery coaches for environmental education to children. Method: The method was descriptive and the population for the study consisted of the kindergarten coaches in Tehran. The findings related to environmental literacy rate was obtained by standard questionnaires. Results: The results showed that, in terms of environmental education, 79% of the study sample is lower than average. The level of education and work experience did not show a significant relationship with the level of environmental literacy. Furthermore, nursery coaches had good information about environmental issues but possessed little knowledge of the world's environmental problems. Conclusion: The study indicated that providing environmental educational programs for nursery coaches is necessary and also the need for related in-service programs for teachers is vital.
Taher Mahbobi; Hossin salimi; seyed Adnan Hossini
Volume 4, Issue 2 , January 2016, , Pages 124-136
Abstract
Introduction: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Emotional self-control training on the reduction of verbal aggression of Boukan Payame Noor university male Students. Method: For this purpose, 40 students who had referred to the advisory center of the university were randomly selected ...
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Introduction: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Emotional self-control training on the reduction of verbal aggression of Boukan Payame Noor university male Students. Method: For this purpose, 40 students who had referred to the advisory center of the university were randomly selected as the sample group. The sample group was randomly divided into two groups of experimental and control. The study was a quasi experimental research with a control group as well as pre-test and post-tests. The training was administered to the experimental group for 10 sessions of 60 minutes for two weeks (5 sessions per week); however, the control group did not receive any training. Using SPSS software, the data were analyzed with Covariance Analysis to determinate the effect of Emotional self-control training. Results: The results of Analysis of Covariance (p
ziba barghi irani; ahmad alipoor
Volume 3, special , March 2015, , Pages 126-140
Abstract
Introduction: Today, to study the personal differences of individuals, much more attention is paid to their cognitive styles. Cognitive styles are the individual methods of learner that are being considered for data processing at the time of learning new concepts. The aim of this research is to study ...
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Introduction: Today, to study the personal differences of individuals, much more attention is paid to their cognitive styles. Cognitive styles are the individual methods of learner that are being considered for data processing at the time of learning new concepts. The aim of this research is to study the relationship between Gregoric cognitive styles and handedness of undergraduate students in Payame Noor University and to suggest applicable strategies for improving distant education system. Method: This research is descriptive and correlation one and the librarian and field methods (Gregoric cognitive styles questionnaires and Edinburgh handedness questionnaire) have been used for collecting data; Statistical society of the research was undergraduate students of Payame Noor University-Tehran Branch, with 17803 individuals and sample was considered 200 individuals by random classification sampling method. To analyze the obtained data, in addition to descriptive methods of variables Mean (average) and standard deviation also drawing the necessary diagrams for multivariate variance analysis test, the one-way variance analysis and Significance tests of multivariate models of Wilkes, Pilates, Hutling and Roise have been used for testing the hypothesis. Results: According to the obtained results, the significanot relationship between handedness and concrete-sequential, abstract-sequential and abstract-random cognitive styles has been observed. In this way that in concrete-sequential cognitive style, right-handed women obtained more scores significantly, in abstract-sequential style right-handed men and women were significantly higher than left-handed ones, and in abstract-random style, left –handed men obtained higher scores significantly, which is in line with previous researches. Conclusion: According to the obtained results, it can be told that interaction of cognitive styles with handedness can have pursuit new implications for design of teaching method in distance education system.
Gholam Hossein Javanmard; Rogayeh Mohammadi Garegozlo
Volume 4, Issue 1 , September 2015, , Pages 127-145
Abstract
Aims: Theory of mind as a social cognitive ability and alexithymia as an inability to identify emotions of self and others are important components of social cognition that seem to be related to each other because of their common neural correlations and functional overlaps. The current study was a descriptive- ...
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Aims: Theory of mind as a social cognitive ability and alexithymia as an inability to identify emotions of self and others are important components of social cognition that seem to be related to each other because of their common neural correlations and functional overlaps. The current study was a descriptive- correlational research whic aimed to investigate the relationship between alexithymia and theory of mind in a nonclinical group. Method: The sample consisted of 233 students from Bonab universities selected by multistage-cluster sampling. They responded to tests of Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET), and Alexithymia Questionnaire TAS-20. The data were analyzed by Pierson correlation, linear regression analysis, and simultaneous multiple regression analysis methods. Results: The findings confirmed the predictive role of alexithymia in connection with the theory of mind abilities. Among the components of alexithymia, objective thinking had a high predictive contribution to the theory of mind (P
Mahdieh Rahmaniyan
Volume 5, Issue 1 , August 2016, , Pages 130-147
Abstract
Introduction: According to recent researches, biases in information processing and its relation with other factors such as craving and personality traits play a vital role in the etiology and maintenance of drug dependence disorders. The aim of the present study was to investigate the moderator role ...
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Introduction: According to recent researches, biases in information processing and its relation with other factors such as craving and personality traits play a vital role in the etiology and maintenance of drug dependence disorders. The aim of the present study was to investigate the moderator role of personality characteristics on relationship between cognitive biases and craving in opium dependent individuals. Method: To do so, 100 male opiate dependent individuals were selected by convenience sampling. The primary data collection was conducted using Prob Dot task, Memory Recognition task, Word-stem Completion test, Craving Beliefs Questionnaire and Neo big five Personality Scale. The data were analyzed using hierarchical regression analysis. Findings: The results indicated that personality variables moderated the relationship between craving with attentional bias and implicit memory bias, but these factors did not have any effect on the relationship between craving and explicit memory bias. Conclusion: The results showed that automatic cognitive processes such as attention and implicit memory are bottom-up processes and tend to be affected by personality traits, whereas consciousness cognitive processes such as explicit memory is top-down processing and is influenced by individuals’ conception.
Amir Azizi; Fazlollah Mir Drikvand; Mohammad Ali Sepahvand
Volume 6, Issue 1 , August 2017, , Pages 135-146
Abstract
Introduction: The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation on continuous attention, working memory and visual - motor perception in primary school students with specific learning disability. Methods: In this quasi -experimental study, 30 primary school students ...
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Introduction: The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation on continuous attention, working memory and visual - motor perception in primary school students with specific learning disability. Methods: In this quasi -experimental study, 30 primary school students with a learning disorder diagnosis in Tabriz Learning Center in 2016-2017 were selected through call method and using randomly were replaced into experimental and control groups (n = 15 per group). In all four groups of N-back, continuous performance test and visual perception -motor Bender-Gestalt as pretest and post-test completion. Cognitive rehabilitation was performed in the experimental group using Sund Smart software for 20 sessions of 30-45 minutes (3 times a week for seven weeks) and the control group did not receive any interventions. Data were analyzed using multivariate covariance analysis in SPSS.20 software. Findings: The multivariate covariance analysis showed that there is a significant difference between the mean scores of pre-test and post-test in the experimental and control groups in continuous attention variables and visual - motor perception, but there is no significant difference between the mean scores of the groups in the working memory variable at the evaluation stages. Conclusions: The use of cognitive rehabilitation is recommended in improving continuous attention and visual-motor perception in elementary school students with special learning disabilities.
